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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Events from the year 1935 in Sweden", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden", "text": "Sweden", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Incumbents", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Monarch – Gustaf V", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs", "text": "Monarch", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustaf_V_of_Sweden", "text": "Gustaf V", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Prime Minister – Per Albin Hansson", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden", "text": "Prime Minister", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_Albin_Hansson", "text": "Per Albin Hansson", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Births", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "19 August – Sun Axelsson, novelist (died 2011)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Axelsson", "text": "Sun Axelsson", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "3 September – Assar Rönnlund, cross-country skier (died 2011).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assar_Rönnlund", "text": "Assar Rönnlund", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "22 September – Eilert Määttä, ice hockey player (died 2011).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eilert_Määttä", "text": "Eilert Määttä", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Exact date unknown", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Erik Beckman, poet, novelist and playwright (died 1995).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Beckman", "text": "Erik Beckman", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Per Agne Erkelius, novelist, playwright and teacher (died 2010).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_Agne_Erkelius", "text": "Per Agne Erkelius", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Deaths", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "9 January - Dina Edling, opera singer (born 1854)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dina_Edling", "text": "Dina Edling", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1854_in_Sweden", "text": "1854", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "27 January – Anna Boberg, artist (born 1864)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Boberg", "text": "Anna Boberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1864_in_art", "text": "1864", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "2 February – Calla Curman, literary personality (born 1850)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calla_Curman", "text": "Calla Curman", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "26 February – Hilda Sachs, journalist (born 1857)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilda_Sachs", "text": "Hilda Sachs", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "19 October - Maria Cederschiöld, journalist and suffragette (born 1856)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Cederschiöld", "text": "Maria Cederschiöld", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "21 December — Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist, satirist and writer (born 1890)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/21_December", "text": "21 December", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_Tucholsky", "text": "Kurt Tucholsky", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1890_in_Germany", "text": "1890", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "30 December – Gertrud Månsson, politician (born 1866)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrud_Månsson", "text": "Gertrud Månsson", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "\"U\" Is for Undertow is the 21st novel in the \"Alphabet\" series of mystery novels by Sue Grafton. It features Kinsey Millhone, a private eye based in Santa Teresa, California.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sue_Grafton", "text": "Sue Grafton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinsey_Millhone", "text": "Kinsey Millhone", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The novel, set in 1988, finds Kinsey investigating the disappearance of a 4-year-old girl in 1967 and the narrative weaves between both time periods. The novel has reached the top position on several best-seller lists.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Plot summary", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In April 1988, Kinsey Millhone is hired by a young man named Michael Sutton to investigate a memory he has which may shed light on an unsolved kidnapping. Sutton explains that in 1967, a four-year-old girl named Mary Claire Fitzhugh was abducted from his neighborhood. Sutton claims that two days later, on his sixth birthday, he talked to two men burying something in the woods. A police dig at the burial site uncovers only the body of a dog. Michael suggests that, since the men knew they were being watched, they substituted the dog's corpse for the girl's, but Michael's sister Diana warns Kinsey that Michael is easily influenced and his memory is unreliable.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Kinsey traces the dog tag to its owner, who tells him the dog was euthanized. She visits Walter McNally, the veterinarian who performed the euthanasia, and McNally corroborates the story.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_euthanasia", "text": "euthanized", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Kinsey learns that another local girl, Rain Unruh, had been kidnapped in a similar fashion just before Mary Claire. Kinsey talks to Rain's grandmother, Deborah, who believes that her son Greg and his girlfriend Shelly were behind both kidnappings. Greg and Shelly were hippies and drug addicts who left Rain with Deborah and her husband Patrick, only to \"kidnap\" their own daughter when they were in need of money. Patrick paid the ransom and Rain was returned unharmed. Deborah speculates that, still needing money, they kidnapped Mary Claire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippie", "text": "hippies", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Michael's family finds evidence that Michael was out of town on his birthday, discrediting Michael and leaving Kinsey at a dead end. Her landlord, Henry Pitts, suggests the kidnappers may have been burying the ransom money, rather than the body.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Michael claims to have seen one of the kidnappers at an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting and gives Kinsey a description. Kinsey reluctantly follows up, only to discover the man is respected local banker Walker McNally, son of veterinarian Walter McNally. The pieces fall into place: besides having had access to the dog's corpse, Walker's past as a drug dealer would likely have put him into contact with Greg Unruh. Kinsey identifies the second kidnapper as her former classmate, Jon Corso, Walker's best friend in high school.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholics_Anonymous", "text": "Alcoholics Anonymous", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Walker calls Corso and says he is going to turn himself in for the kidnapping. Corso talks him into a small delay and then shoots and kills Michael. Kinsey heads to Jon's house, where she sees him leaving with suitcases, and follows him to a secluded meeting with Walker. She overhears Jon declare his intention to murder Walker and flee the country. When Kinsey reveals herself, Jon pulls a gun on her, but she shoots first and the two men are arrested. Mary Claire's body and the marked money are both recovered on Jon's family's property. It is revealed that Mary Claire died from an allergic reaction to Valium, which they used to keep her sedated during her kidnapping.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valium", "text": "Valium", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The main storyline alternates with flashback chapters exploring the histories of the characters. An additional subplot details Kinsey's discovery that her grandmother had wanted to adopt her, in a parallel to Deborah and Patrick Unruh's adoption of their granddaughter Rain.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Critical reaction", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Sarah Weinman of the Los Angeles Times wrote that Grafton \"has produced a better book each time out, and \"U\" is her most structurally complex, psychologically potent book to date. Marilyn Stasio of The New York Times wrote, \"So has this reliable series lost its addictive appeal? Not at all — though it’s a shock to realize that the stories, set in a California coastal town in the 1980s, now read more like historical narratives than contemporary novels with a slight time lag. But it’s an object lesson in disciplined storytelling to watch Grafton manipulate that time frame to broaden the story and deepen the mystery.\"", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times", "text": "Los Angeles Times", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times", "text": "The New York Times", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Best seller rankings", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Upon its release, \"U\" Is for Undertow leapt to the top of several notable best-seller lists, including those maintained by the New York Times, Publishers Weekly, and the Palm Beach Post.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publishers_Weekly", "text": "Publishers Weekly", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_Beach_Post", "text": "Palm Beach Post", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2024-03-10T18:04:56"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 BAA Finals was the championship round of playoffs following the inaugural Basketball Association of America (BAA)'s 1946–47 season. The Philadelphia Warriors of the Eastern Division faced the Chicago Stags of the Western Division for the inaugural championship, with Philadelphia having home court advantage. Hall of Fame inductee Joe Fulks played for the Warriors in the series.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball_Association_of_America", "text": "Basketball Association of America", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946–47_BAA_season", "text": "1946–47 season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946-47_Philadelphia_Warriors_season", "text": "Philadelphia Warriors", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946-47_Chicago_Stags_season", "text": "Chicago Stags", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naismith_Memorial_Basketball_Hall_of_Fame", "text": "Hall of Fame", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Fulks", "text": "Joe Fulks", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Background", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Philadelphia was not the Eastern Division champion but advanced to the championship round by winning a four-team playoff among the Eastern and Western Division runners-up. Meanwhile, the Eastern and Western Division champions, Washington Capitols and Cleveland Rebels, played one long series to determine the other finalist, a best-of-seven series that Chicago won 4–2. In the runners-up bracket, Philadelphia and New York from the East had first eliminated St. Louis and Cleveland from the West, then faced each other, all in best-of-three series. The format was repeated in 1948, and generated another champion from the runners-up bracket.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Capitols", "text": "Washington Capitols", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland_Rebels", "text": "Cleveland Rebels", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946-47_New_York_Knicks_season", "text": "New York", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis_Bombers_(NBA)", "text": "St. Louis", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The five games of the final series were played in seven days, with no days off between consecutive games in the same city (twice). Division champions Washington and Chicago had played the six games of their semifinal series from April 2 to 13, although they too took no days off between consecutive games in the same city (twice). In total, the entire playoff tournament lasted a total of 20 days.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "This would be the Stags only appearance in the Finals; the franchise would fold three years later. It would be another 44 years before a Chicago club played for a pro basketball championship, when the Chicago Bulls won the 1991 NBA Finals.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Bulls", "text": "Chicago Bulls", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_NBA_Finals", "text": "1991 NBA Finals", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Series summary", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Warriors win series 4–1", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Game 1", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Around 7,900 people attended Game 1. The Warriors led at halftime 34–20. Joe Fulks then scored 29 points in the second half, including 21 in the fourth quarter. Angelo Musi, a guard out of Temple University, scored 19 points himself for Philadelphia as well. The Stags took an astounding 129 shots, but only knocked down 26 of them, a 20.2 shooting percentage which made it easy for the Warriors to win, 84–71.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Fulks", "text": "Joe Fulks", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo_Musi", "text": "Angelo Musi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_University", "text": "Temple University", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Game 2", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Fulks was not the scorer he was in Game 1, but he did not have to be, because five other Warrior players scored in double figures, including 18 points from forward Howie Dallmar and 16 from guard Jerry Fleishman. Chicago did take a brief 69–68 lead until Philadelphia center Art Hillhouse came alive in the fourth quarter. He scored 7 out of the last 10 points for the Warriors, in route to a second Philadelphia win, 85–74.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howie_Dallmar", "text": "Howie Dallmar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Fleishman", "text": "Jerry Fleishman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Hillhouse", "text": "Art Hillhouse", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Game 3", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Game 4", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The Stags staved off elimination and avoided a sweep with a one-point victory.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Game 5", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "With less than a minute remaining, Howie Dallmar snapped an 80–80 tie by nailing a jump shot to seal the very first championship for the Warriors.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Team rosters", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Philadelphia Warriors", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Chicago Stags", "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-08-15T02:07:11"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1954 Boston University Terriers football team was an American football team that represented Boston University as an independent during the 1954 college football season. In its eighth season under head coach Aldo Donelli, the team compiled a 7–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 256 to 93.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_University", "text": "Boston University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_college_football_season", "text": "1954 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldo_Donelli", "text": "Aldo Donelli", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2024-03-28T00:15:47"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 142nd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was a volunteer infantry regiment that fought in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment primarily served in the Army of the Potomac in the Eastern Theater and was heavily engaged in the first day of fighting at Gettysburg.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infantry", "text": "infantry", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regiment", "text": "regiment", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_Army", "text": "Union Army", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War", "text": "American Civil War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_of_the_Potomac", "text": "Army of the Potomac", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Theater_of_the_American_Civil_War", "text": "Eastern Theater", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Gettysburg,_First_Day", "text": "first day of fighting at Gettysburg", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "History", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The regiment was organized in August 1862, with Robert P. Cummins as colonel, Alfred B. McCalmont as lieutenant colonel, and John Bradley as major. It was sent to Washington, D.C., where it built fortifications. After a couple of weeks, it was sent to Frederick, Maryland, where it performed garrison duties.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonel_(United_States)", "text": "colonel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieutenant_Colonel_(United_States)", "text": "lieutenant colonel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_(United_States)", "text": "major", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.", "text": "Washington, D.C.", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick,_Maryland", "text": "Frederick, Maryland", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In October, it became part of the 2nd Brigade of the Pennsylvania Reserves. At the Battle of Fredericksburg, the regiment formed part of the force which briefly pierced the Confederate right, losing 250 out of 550 men, including Major Bradley, who was mortally wounded. After the battle, the Reserves division was sent back to Washington, and the regiment was reassigned to the 1st Brigade, Third Division, I Corps.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_Reserves", "text": "Pennsylvania Reserves", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg", "text": "Battle of Fredericksburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Corps_(ACW)", "text": "I Corps", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "At the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, the unit fought first on McPherson's Ridge and then on Seminary Ridge before being driven back to Cemetery Hill only after being outflanked by Confederate North Carolina divisions on its left and right flanks. Only 140 men had made it back to Union lines, and Colonel Cummins was mortally wounded. During the next two days, the 142nd was only lightly engaged. After the battle, the regiment became part of the 3rd Brigade, Fourth Division, V Corps.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McPherson's_Ridge", "text": "McPherson's Ridge", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminary_Ridge", "text": "Seminary Ridge", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemetery_Hill", "text": "Cemetery Hill", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V_Corps_(ACW)", "text": "V Corps", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In September 1864, Horatio N. Warren was promoted to colonel of the regiment. It fought throughout the Overland Campaign and the Siege of Petersburg, mostly against the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad. After the surrender at Appomattox Court House, the regiment participated in the Grand Review of the Armies in Washington and was mustered out on May 29, 1865.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overland_Campaign", "text": "Overland Campaign", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Petersburg", "text": "Siege of Petersburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilmington_and_Weldon_Railroad", "text": "Wilmington and Weldon Railroad", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appomattox_Court_House_National_Historical_Park", "text": "Appomattox Court House", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Review_of_the_Armies", "text": "Grand Review of the Armies", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Casualties", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Total enrollment: 935", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Killed and died of wounds: 7 officers and 133 enlisted men", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Wounded: 21 officers and 409 enlisted men", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Died of disease, etc.: 81 enlisted men", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Captured and missing: 2 officers and 156 enlisted men", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Total loss: 809.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The casualty information presented above is as inscribed on the back of the 142nd's monument on the battlefield at Gettysburg National Military Park in Adams County, Pennsylvania. According to Fox's Regimental Losses, the 142nd PVI suffered the ninth highest percentage of combat fatalities in the entire Union army.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettysburg_Battlefield", "text": "Gettysburg National Military Park", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adams_County,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Adams County, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Notable members", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "George R. Snowden, commanded Company I as a captain. Later became a major general as commander of the Pennsylvania National Guard Division.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_R._Snowden", "text": "George R. Snowden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captain_(United_States_O-3)", "text": "captain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_General_(United_States)", "text": "major general", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/28th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)", "text": "Pennsylvania National Guard Division", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Reenactors", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Two Civil War reenacting organizations portray companies of the 142nd Pennsylvania. A group portraying Company G is based in Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. Another group, portraying Company F, is based in the Gettysburg, Pennsylvania area.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War_reenactment", "text": "Civil War reenacting", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroudsburg,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettysburg,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Gettysburg, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2024-02-26T21:41:47"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Events from the year 1441 in Ireland.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Incumbent", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lord: Henry VI", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_of_Ireland", "text": "Lord", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England", "text": "Henry VI", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Events", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sadhbh Ó Mailchonaire, became Ollamh Síol Muireadaigh", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadhbh_Ó_Mailchonaire", "text": "Sadhbh Ó Mailchonaire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ollamh_Síol_Muireadaigh", "text": "Ollamh Síol Muireadaigh", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Deaths", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Mailin mac Tanaide Ó Maolconaire, Ollamh Síol Muireadaigh", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mailin_mac_Tanaide_Ó_Maolconaire", "text": "Mailin mac Tanaide Ó Maolconaire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ollamh_Síol_Muireadaigh", "text": "Ollamh Síol Muireadaigh", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "YearInIrelandNav", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "image", "name": null, "value": null, "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1440", "text": "1440", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1439", "text": "1439", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1438", "text": "1438", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1437_in_Ireland", "text": "1437", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1436_in_Ireland", "text": "1436", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1441", "text": "1441", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland", "text": "Ireland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1442_in_Ireland", "text": "1442", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1443_in_Ireland", "text": "1443", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1444_in_Ireland", "text": "1444", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1445", "text": "1445", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1446_in_Ireland", "text": "1446", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Blank_Ireland.svg/80px-Blank_Ireland.svg.png", "width": 80, "height": 80, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "← 1440 1439 1438 1437 1436 1441 in Ireland → 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1440", "text": "1440", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1439", "text": "1439", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1438", "text": "1438", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1437_in_Ireland", "text": "1437", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1436_in_Ireland", "text": "1436", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1441", "text": "1441", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland", "text": "Ireland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1442_in_Ireland", "text": "1442", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1443_in_Ireland", "text": "1443", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1444_in_Ireland", "text": "1444", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1445", "text": "1445", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1446_in_Ireland", "text": "1446", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Blank_Ireland.svg/80px-Blank_Ireland.svg.png", "width": 80, "height": 80, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "list", "name": "Centuries", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - 13th\n - 14th\n - 15th\n - 16th\n - 17th\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Decades", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - 1420s\n - 1430s\n - 1440s\n - 1450s\n - 1460s\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "See also", "value": "Other events of 1441 List of years in Ireland", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1441", "text": "Other events of 1441", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_years_in_Ireland", "text": "List of years in Ireland", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2024-04-05T19:48:07"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1937 Pittsburgh Pirates season was the team's fifth season as a professional sports club in the National Football League (NFL). The team hired John McNally as head coach after John Bach stepped down during the offseason. McNally was a former player, who played halfback for the Pirates during the 1934 season. His team finished with another 4–7 record however, McNally was welcomed back the next season.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "text": "National Football League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McNally_(American_football)", "text": "John McNally", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bach", "text": "John Bach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halfback_(American_football)", "text": "halfback", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934_Pittsburgh_Pirates_(NFL)_season", "text": "1934 season", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Offseason", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Draft", "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Regular season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Schedule", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Game summaries", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes_Field", "text": "Forbes Field", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 8,588", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Brett 39 pass from Thompson (Weinstock kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeep_Brett?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Brett", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuffy_Thompson", "text": "Thompson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izzy_Weinstock", "text": "Weinstock", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Philadelphia – Hanson 3 run (Smukler kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Davidson 19 pass from Gildea (Niccolai kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Davidson_(halfback)?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Davidson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Gildea", "text": "Gildea", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Philadelphia – Hewitt 7 pass from Smukler (Smukler kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Smukler", "text": "Smukler", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – McNally 92 kick return (Breeden kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McNally_(American_football)", "text": "McNally", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Breeden", "text": "Breeden", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – McNally 44 pass from Fiske (kick failed)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McNally_(American_football)", "text": "McNally", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Fiske_(American_football)", "text": "Fiske", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 1 (Sunday September 5, 1937): Philadelphia Eagles" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, New York", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebbets_Field", "text": "Ebbets Field", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooklyn,_New_York", "text": "Brooklyn, New York", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 18,000", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Karcis 3 run (Kakasic kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_Karcis", "text": "Karcis", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Gildea 1 run (Kakasic kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Gildea", "text": "Gildea", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – McNally 6 pass from Fiske (Niccolai kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McNally_(American_football)", "text": "McNally", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Fiske_(American_football)", "text": "Fiske", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 2 (Sunday September 19, 1937): Brooklyn Dodgers" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes_Field", "text": "Forbes Field", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 33,095", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "New York – Richards 13 pass from Danowski (Manton kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Karcis 4 run (Niccolai kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_Karcis", "text": "Karcis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "New York – FG Manton 13", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 3 (Sunday September 26, 1937): New York Giants" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes_Field", "text": "Forbes Field", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 22,511", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Chicago Bears – Nolting 13 run (Manders kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 4 (Monday October 4, 1937): Chicago Bears" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Titan Stadium, Detroit, Michigan", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Detroit_Stadium", "text": "Titan Stadium", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detroit", "text": "Detroit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan", "text": "Michigan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 16,000", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – FG Niccolai 11", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Detroit – Caddel 2 run (Clark kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 5 (Sunday October 10, 1937): Detroit Lions" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Griffith Stadium, Washington, DC", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griffith_Stadium", "text": "Griffith Stadium", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_DC", "text": "Washington, DC", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 12,835", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Washington – Battles 65 interception (Smith kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – McNally 43 pass from Fiske (Weinstock kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McNally_(American_football)", "text": "McNally", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Fiske_(American_football)", "text": "Fiske", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izzy_Weinstock", "text": "Weinstock", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Thompson 55 pass from McNally (kick blocked)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuffy_Thompson", "text": "Thompson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McNally_(American_football)", "text": "McNally", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Washington – Malone 7 pass from Baugh", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sammy_Baugh", "text": "Baugh", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Washington – Justice 3 pass from Smith (Smith kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Washington – Battles 60 run (Smith kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Washington – Battles 62 run (Smith kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – McNally 2 pass from Karcis (Niccolai kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McNally_(American_football)", "text": "McNally", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_Karcis", "text": "Karcis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 6 (Sunday October 17, 1937): Washington Redskins" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes_Field", "text": "Forbes Field", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 8,963", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Chicago Cardinals – Deskin 18 pass from Coffee (May kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versil_Deskin", "text": "Deskin", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Chicago Cardinals – Lawrence 2 run (kick failed)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Davidson 65 pass from Fiske (Weinstock kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Davidson_(halfback)?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Davidson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Fiske_(American_football)", "text": "Fiske", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izzy_Weinstock", "text": "Weinstock", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 7 (Sunday October 24, 1937): Chicago Cardinals" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes_Field", "text": "Forbes Field", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 2,772", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Philadelphia – Pilconis 22 fumble run (Smukler kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Davidson 87 interception (kick failed)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Davidson_(halfback)?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Davidson", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – FG Niccolai 27", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Sortet 26 pass from Gildea (Niccolai kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Sortet", "text": "Sortet", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Gildea", "text": "Gildea", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 8 (Sunday October 31, 1937): Philadelphia Eagles" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Polo Grounds, New York, NY", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo_Grounds", "text": "Polo Grounds", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City", "text": "New York, NY", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 21,447", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "New York – Burnett 5 pass from Danowski (Manton kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "New York – FG Cuf 35", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "New York – Soar 25 interception", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 9 (Sunday November 7, 1937): New York Giants" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "at Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forbes_Field", "text": "Forbes Field", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 12,000", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Washington – Pinckert 3 pass from Smith (kick failed)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Davidson 68 run (Weinstock kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Davidson_(halfback)?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Davidson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izzy_Weinstock", "text": "Weinstock", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Safety, Baugh tackled in end zone by Mayhew", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindy_Mayhew?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Mayhew", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – FG Niccolai 21", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Washington – Justice 40 pass from Baugh (Smith kick)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sammy_Baugh", "text": "Baugh", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – FG Niccolai 41", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_Niccolai", "text": "Niccolai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pittsburgh – Karcis 21 run (kick failed)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_Karcis", "text": "Karcis", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 10 (Sunday November 14, 1937): Washington Redskins" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game time:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game weather:", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Game attendance: 3,706", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Referee:", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Scoring Drives:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brooklyn – Parker 2 run (Parker kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brooklyn – Parker 44 punt return (kick failed)", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brooklyn – FG Maniaci 29", "links": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brooklyn – Mitchell 15 pass from Parker (Maniaci kick)", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Week 11 (Sunday November 21, 1937): Brooklyn Dodgers" } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Standings", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2022-11-26T03:17:20"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Three referendums were held in Liechtenstein during 1925. The first on 13 September was on the subject of the Lawena power plant and was approved by 56.1% of voters. The second and third were held on 13 December and concerned two proposals on civil order, the Gassner Initiative and a counterproposal from the Landtag. The Landtag's proposal was approved by 81.7% of voters, whilst the Gassner Initiative was rejected by 89.1%.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liechtenstein", "text": "Liechtenstein", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landtag_of_Liechtenstein", "text": "Landtag", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Landtag counterproposal on civil order", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The official figures for the two referendums in December are inconsistent and do not add up to the totals given.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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{ "identifier": "c100a69b-32be-40ca-bad2-64166594e5be", "type": "update", "date_created": "2024-04-27T00:36:04.691599Z", "date_published": "2024-08-06T08:45:26.392215Z" }

"2024-01-26T13:46:00"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Year 1265 (MCCLXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_numerals", "text": "MCCLXV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Thursday", "text": "common year starting on Thursday", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar", "text": "Julian calendar", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Events", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "By topic", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 20 – In Westminster, the first elected English parliament (called Montfort's Parliament) conducts its first meeting in the Palace of Westminster, later to be known as the Houses of Parliament.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_20", "text": "January 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster", "text": "Westminster", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament", "text": "parliament", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montfort's_Parliament", "text": "Montfort's Parliament", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster", "text": "Palace of Westminster", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March – End of the Hungarian Civil War (1264–1265) – Battle of Isaszeg: Younger King Stephen decisively defeats his father's army.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March", "text": "March", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Civil_War_(1264–1265)", "text": "Hungarian Civil War (1264–1265)", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Isaszeg_(1265)", "text": "Battle of Isaszeg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_V_of_Hungary", "text": "Stephen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Béla_IV_of_Hungary", "text": "his father's", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 28 – Future King Edward I of England escapes the captivity of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_28", "text": "May 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I_of_England", "text": "Edward I of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester", "text": "Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 18 – A draft Byzantine–Venetian treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, but is not ratified by Doge Reniero Zeno", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_18", "text": "June 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine–Venetian_treaty_of_1265", "text": "Byzantine–Venetian treaty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_VIII_Palaiologos", "text": "Michael VIII Palaiologos", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniero_Zeno", "text": "Reniero Zeno", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 4 – Second Barons' War: The Battle of Evesham is fought in Worcestershire, with the army of Edward defeating the forces of rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort, resulting in the death of Montfort and many of his allies. 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"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Aneirin", "text": "Book of Aneirin", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The brewing of Budweiser Budvar beer begins in Bohemia; Budweiser Budvar has been produced continuously there to this day.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewing", "text": "brewing", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budweiser_Budvar", "text": "Budweiser Budvar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer", "text": "beer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia", "text": "Bohemia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Correspondence from Pope Clement IV contains the first known mention of the ring of the Fisherman, an item of papal regalia then used to seal personal correspondence from the pope, and later for papal bulls.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_IV", "text": "Pope Clement IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_of_the_Fisherman", "text": "ring of the Fisherman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regalia", "text": "regalia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_bull", "text": "papal bulls", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 5 – Pope Clement IV succeeds Pope Urban IV, as the 183rd pope.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_5", "text": "February 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_IV", "text": "Pope Clement IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Urban_IV", "text": "Pope Urban IV", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Culture" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "By place", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "The Mamluk Sultanate Bahri dynasty of Egypt captures several cities and towns from Crusader states in the Middle East, including the cities of Haifa, Arsuf, and Caesarea Maritima; these events eventually precipitate the Eighth Crusade in 1267.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)", "text": "Mamluk Sultanate", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahri_dynasty", "text": "Bahri dynasty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt", "text": "Egypt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusader_states", "text": "Crusader states", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haifa", "text": "Haifa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsuf", "text": "Arsuf", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima", "text": "Caesarea Maritima", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighth_Crusade", "text": "Eighth Crusade", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1267", "text": "1267", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Kublai Khan sends a delegation to Japan, which loots islands along the way.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kublai_Khan", "text": "Kublai Khan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Fire destroys parts of Old Cairo.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Cairo", "text": "Old Cairo", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "India, Delhi: Ghiyas-Ud-Din-Balban comes to the throne and introduces Sijdah.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India", "text": "India", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Africa and Asia" } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Births", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 10 – Emperor Fushimi of Japan (d. 1317)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_10", "text": "May 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Fushimi", "text": "Emperor Fushimi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1317", "text": "1317", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 17 – Emperor Go-Uda of Japan (d. 1324)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_17", "text": "December 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Go-Uda", "text": "Emperor Go-Uda", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1324", "text": "1324", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "King Alfonso III of Aragon", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_III_of_Aragon", "text": "Alfonso III of Aragon", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "approximate date – Dante Alighieri, Italian poet (d. 1321)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dante_Alighieri", "text": "Dante Alighieri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1321", "text": "1321", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "approximate date – Maria de Molina, regent of Castile (d. 1321)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_de_Molina", "text": "Maria de Molina", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1321", "text": "1321", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "approximate date – Beatrice Portinari, Dante Alighieri 's beloved and guide through Heaven in The Divine Comedy (d. 1290)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatrice_Portinari", "text": "Beatrice Portinari", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dante_Alighieri", "text": "Dante Alighieri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Divine_Comedy", "text": "The Divine Comedy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1290", "text": "1290", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Deaths", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 20 – John Maunsell, Lord Chancellor of England", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_20", "text": "January 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maunsell", "text": "John Maunsell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Chancellor", "text": "Lord Chancellor of England", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 8 – Hulagu Khan of the Mongol Empire (b. 1217)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_8", "text": "February 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulagu_Khan", "text": "Hulagu Khan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1217", "text": "1217", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 16 – Simon Stock, English prior, canonized (b. c. 1165)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_16", "text": "May 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Stock", "text": "Simon Stock", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1165", "text": "1165", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 26 – Anne of Bohemia, Duchess of Silesia (b. 1203 or 1204)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_26", "text": "June 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_of_Bohemia,_Duchess_of_Silesia", "text": "Anne of Bohemia, Duchess of Silesia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1203", "text": "1203", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 4 (Killed in the Battle Of Evesham) Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer (b. 1223) Henry de Montfort (b. 1238) Peter de Montfort Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (b. 1208)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_4", "text": "August 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_le_Despencer,_1st_Baron_le_Despencer", "text": "Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1223", "text": "1223", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_de_Montfort", "text": "Henry de Montfort", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1238", "text": "1238", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_de_Montfort", "text": "Peter de Montfort", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester", "text": "Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1208", "text": "1208", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer (b. 1223)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_le_Despencer,_1st_Baron_le_Despencer", "text": "Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1223", "text": "1223", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Henry de Montfort (b. 1238)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_de_Montfort", "text": "Henry de Montfort", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1238", "text": "1238", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Peter de Montfort", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_de_Montfort", "text": "Peter de Montfort", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (b. 1208)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester", "text": "Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1208", "text": "1208", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 24 – Magnús Óláfsson, King of Mann and the Isles", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_24", "text": "November 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnús_Óláfsson", "text": "Magnús Óláfsson", "images": null } ], 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{ "type": "field", "name": "Decades", "value": "1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia", "text": "Decades", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1240s", "text": "1240s", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1250s", "text": "1250s", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1260s", "text": "1260s", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1270s", "text": "1270s", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1280s", "text": "1280s", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Years", "value": "1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_years", "text": "Years", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1262", "text": "1262", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1263", "text": "1263", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1264", "text": "1264", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1265", "text": "1265", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1266", "text": "1266", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1267", "text": "1267", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1268", "text": "1268", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "infobox", "name": "C13 year in topic", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Gregorian calendar", "value": "1265 MCCLXV", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorian_calendar", "text": "Gregorian calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Ab urbe condita", "value": "2018", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita", "text": "Ab urbe condita", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Armenian calendar", "value": "714 ԹՎ ՉԺԴ", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_calendar", "text": "Armenian calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Assyrian calendar", "value": "6015", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assyrian_calendar", "text": "Assyrian calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Balinese saka calendar", "value": "1186–1187", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar", "text": "Balinese saka calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Bengali calendar", "value": "672", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengali_calendar", "text": "Bengali calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Berber calendar", "value": "2215", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berber_calendar", "text": "Berber calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "English Regnal year", "value": "49 Hen. 3 – 50 Hen. 3", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_monarchs", "text": "English Regnal year", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_III_of_England", "text": "Hen. 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_III_of_England", "text": "Hen. 3", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Buddhist calendar", "value": "1809", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_calendar", "text": "Buddhist calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Burmese calendar", "value": "627", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_calendar", "text": "Burmese calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Byzantine calendar", "value": "6773–6774", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_calendar", "text": "Byzantine calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Chinese calendar", "value": "甲子 年 (Wood Rat) 3962 or 3755 — to — 乙丑年 (Wood Ox) 3963 or 3756", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_calendar", "text": "Chinese calendar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle", "text": "甲子", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rat_(zodiac)", "text": "Rat", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ox_(zodiac)", "text": "Ox", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Coptic calendar", "value": "981–982", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coptic_calendar", "text": "Coptic calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Discordian calendar", "value": "2431", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discordian_calendar", "text": "Discordian calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Ethiopian calendar", "value": "1257–1258", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar", "text": "Ethiopian calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Hebrew calendar", "value": "5025–5026", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_calendar", "text": "Hebrew calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Hindu calendars", "value": "Hindu calendars", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_calendar", "text": "Hindu calendars", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "- Vikram Samvat", "value": "1321–1322", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikram_Samvat", "text": "Vikram Samvat", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "- Shaka Samvat", "value": "1186–1187", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_national_calendar", "text": "Shaka Samvat", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "- Kali Yuga", "value": "4365–4366", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Yuga", "text": "Kali Yuga", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Holocene calendar", "value": "11265", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocene_calendar", "text": "Holocene calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Igbo calendar", "value": "265–266", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igbo_calendar", "text": "Igbo calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Iranian calendar", "value": "643–644", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_calendars", "text": "Iranian calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Islamic calendar", "value": "663–664", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar", "text": "Islamic calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Japanese calendar", "value": "Bun'ei 2 (文永２年)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_calendar", "text": "Japanese calendar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bun'ei", "text": "Bun'ei", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Javanese calendar", "value": "1175–1176", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javanese_calendar", "text": "Javanese calendar", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Julian 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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1950 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was the 36th edition of the Liège–Bastogne–Liège cycle race and was held on 23 April 1950. The race started and finished in Liège. The race was won by Prosper Depredomme.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liège–Bastogne–Liège", "text": "Liège–Bastogne–Liège", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liège", "text": "Liège", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosper_Depredomme", "text": "Prosper Depredomme", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1922 CCNY Lavender football team was an American football team that represented the City College of New York (CCNY) as an independent during the 1922 college football season. In their first season since 1907, the team compiled a 1–6 record.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_College_of_New_York", "text": "City College of New York", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1922_college_football_season", "text": "1922 college football season", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1885–86 Scottish Cup was the 13th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. Queen's Park won the competition for the eighth time after they beat defending champions Renton 3–1 in the final.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Cup", "text": "Scottish Cup", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_football", "text": "football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen's_Park_F.C.", "text": "Queen's Park", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renton_F.C.", "text": "Renton", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Arbroath set a world record in the first round when they defeated Bon Accord 36–0 on 12 September 1885. The score remains a record in British senior football and globally for a match that was not fixed or thrown. 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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1950 St. Bonaventure Bonnies football team, sometimes also referred to as the St. Bonaventure Brown Indians, was an American football team that represented St. Bonaventure University during the 1950 college football season. In its first season under head coach Joe Bach, the team compiled a 7–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 253 to 148. The team played its home games at Forness Stadium in Olean, New York.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Bonaventure_University", "text": "St. Bonaventure University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_college_football_season", "text": "1950 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Bach", "text": "Joe Bach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forness_Stadium", "text": "Forness Stadium", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olean,_New_York", "text": "Olean, New York", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Quarterback Ted Marchibroda led the team on offense. He set Eastern passing records with 176 passing yards against Xavier on Thanksgiving Day and 1,577 passing yards for the season. The season mark broke the prior record set by Paul Governali in 1942.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Marchibroda", "text": "Ted Marchibroda", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_Xavier_Musketeers_football_team", "text": "Xavier", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Governali", "text": "Paul Governali", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Stan Zajdel and John Breslin were the team's co-captains. Assistant coaches included Russ Thomas (line coach) and Hugo Marcolini (backfield coach).", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox college sports team season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "1950 St. Bonaventure Bonnies football", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Conference", "value": "Western New York Little Three Conference", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_New_York_Little_Three_Conference", "text": "Western New York Little Three Conference", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Record", "value": "7–2 (1–0 Little Three)", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Head coach", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - Joe Bach (1st season)\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Captain", "value": "Stan Zajdel, John Breslin", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Home stadium", "value": "Forness Stadium", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forness_Stadium", "text": "Forness Stadium", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Stenopus scutellatus, commonly known as the gold coral banded shrimp or golden coral shrimp, is a boxer shrimp, a shrimp -like decapod crustacean belonging to the family Stenopodidae. It is found in suitable habitats in the western Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenopodidea", "text": "boxer shrimp", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrimp", "text": "shrimp", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decapoda", "text": "decapod", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crustacean", "text": "crustacean", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)", "text": "family", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenopodidae", "text": "Stenopodidae", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_Sea", "text": "Caribbean Sea", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Description", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Stenopus spinosus can grow up to 4 centimetres (1.6 in) long, and has a yellow spiny carapace and abdomen and long white antennae. The third pair of pereiopods (walking legs) are spiny and bear long claws and are much larger than the other pairs. They are boldly barred in red and white while the other legs are yellow. The tip of the abdomen, uropods and telson are also marked with orangeish-red and white.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carapace", "text": "carapace", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_(biology)", "text": "antennae", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decapod_anatomy", "text": "pereiopods", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uropod", "text": "uropods", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telson", "text": "telson", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Distribution", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Stenopus scutellatus is commonly found in shallow waters in the western Atlantic Ocean, Bermuda, the West Indies, the Gulf of Mexico and southwards to northern Brazil at depths between 10 and 113 metres (33 and 371 ft). They are found on coral reefs, in caves and among lumps of coral but are also found on rocks near turtle grass (Thalassia testudinum) meadows and on detritus on the seabed.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermuda", "text": "Bermuda", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Indies", "text": "West Indies", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico", "text": "Gulf of Mexico", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral_reef", "text": "coral reefs", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral", "text": "coral", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalassia_testudinum", "text": "Thalassia testudinum", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritus", "text": "detritus", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Behaviour", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "These shrimps are usually found in pairs, one of each sex, and have elaborate mating behaviours. They lurk in crevices with their long antennae visible and waving to advertise their presence. They offer cleaning services to fish which will approach and adopt special attitudes while parasites, such as isopods, and pieces of dead skin are removed and eaten by the shrimp. They are rather more shy than the banded cleaner shrimp (Stenopus hispidus) and approach the fishes that attend the cleaning station more cautiously. They sometimes just remain inside their niches picking at the side of the visiting fish immediately outside.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopoda", "text": "isopods", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenopus_hispidus", "text": "Stenopus hispidus", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1911 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 22nd staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipperary_Senior_Hurling_Championship", "text": "Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipperary_GAA", "text": "Tipperary County Board", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Toomevara were the defending champions.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toomevara_GAA", "text": "Toomevara", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1910_Tipperary_Senior_Hurling_Championship", "text": "defending champions", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Thurles won the championship after a 4–05 to 1–00 defeat of Toomevara in the final. It was their seventh championship title overall and their first title since 1909.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thurles_Sarsfields_GAA", "text": "Thurles", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909_Tipperary_Senior_Hurling_Championship", "text": "1909", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The following is an overview of the events of 1904 in motorsport including the major racing events, motorsport venues that were opened and closed during a year, championships and non-championship events that were established and disestablished in a year, and births and deaths of racing drivers and other motorsport people.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-10-15T00:08:16"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "\" Cochranella \" euhystrix is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It has an uncertain placement (incertae sedis) within subfamily Centroleninae (hence the quotation marks around the genus). It is endemic to Peru and only known from the vicinity of its type locality near Cerro Blanco, in the Zaña River watershed, Department of Cajamarca. The specific name euhystrix (from Greek prefix eu, \"very\", and hystrix, \"porcupine\") refers to the unusually spiny appearance of this frog, especially males. Common name ridge Cochran frog has been proposed for this frog.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog", "text": "frog", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrolenidae", "text": "Centrolenidae", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis", "text": "incertae sedis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroleninae", "text": "Centroleninae", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemism", "text": "endemic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_locality_(biology)", "text": "type locality", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaña_River", "text": "Zaña River", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Cajamarca", "text": "Department of Cajamarca", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_name_(zoology)", "text": "specific name", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Description", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Adult males measure 29–31 mm (1.1–1.2 in) and adult females 31–34 mm (1.2–1.3 in) in snout–vent length. The head is wider than the body. The snout is truncate, sometimes slightly rounded in profile in females. The tympanum is distinct, but partly covered by the heavy supratympanic fold, especially in females. The fingers have lateral fringes and are partially webbed; the toes are heavily webbed. All digits bear expanded discs. The dorsum is dark greenish black in active individuals and dark green in inactive ones. The color can change rapidly. There are many light green spicules, especially on the eyelids lips, that give the upper parts a finely dotted appearance. Females have fewer spines than males.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snout–vent_length", "text": "snout–vent length", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tympanum_(anatomy)", "text": "tympanum", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsum_(anatomy)", "text": "dorsum", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The male advertisement call is a short \"click\" or \"chirp\". Most calls consist of two notes in rapid succession but some calls have a single note only.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_selection_in_amphibians#Vocal_signaling_in_frogs", "text": "male advertisement call", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Habitat and conservation", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "This species occurs in montane forests at elevations of 1,800–2,650 m (5,910–8,690 ft) above sea level. It is closely associated with mountain streams, with individuals typically found on vertical rock faces in the splash or spray zones of waterfalls on rock ledges in or around waterfalls, and on liverwort and moss-covered wet boulders in midstream. Breeding takes place along permanent streams at high altitudes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Above_sea_level", "text": "above sea level", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Field surveys during 2006–2011 in the area of its type locality did not record any individuals. There is severe habitat loss and fragmentation in the area, even affecting the Bosques Nublados de Udima Wildlife Refuge that lies within the range of this species (although it has not been recorded in the reserve).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat_loss", "text": "habitat loss", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosques_Nublados_de_Udima_Wildlife_Refuge", "text": "Bosques Nublados de Udima Wildlife Refuge", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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}, { "type": "field", "name": "Domain", "value": "Eukaryota", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote", "text": "Eukaryota", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Kingdom", "value": "Animalia", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal", "text": "Animalia", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Phylum", "value": "Chordata", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate", "text": "Chordata", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Class", "value": "Amphibia", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian", "text": "Amphibia", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Order", "value": "Anura", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frog", "text": "Anura", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Family", "value": "Centrolenidae", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_frog", "text": "Centrolenidae", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Genus", "value": "\"Cochranella\"", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochranella", "text": "\"Cochranella\"", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Species", "value": "\"C.\" euhystrix", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Binomial name", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature", "text": "Binomial name", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "\"Cochranella\" euhystrix (Cadle and McDiarmid, 1990)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Wallace_McDiarmid?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "McDiarmid", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "image", 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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1989 Bristol Open was a men's tennis tournament played on grass courts in Bristol in England that was part of the 1989 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the tenth and last edition of the tournament and was held from 19 to 26 June 1989. Fourth-seeded Eric Jelen won the singles title.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis", "text": "tennis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grass_court", "text": "grass courts", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol", "text": "Bristol", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Nabisco_Grand_Prix", "text": "1989 Nabisco Grand Prix", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Jelen", "text": "Eric Jelen", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Finals", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Singles", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Eric Jelen defeated Nick Brown 6–4, 3–6, 7–5", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germany", "text": "West Germany", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "West Germany" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Jelen", "text": "Eric Jelen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom", "text": "United Kingdom", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United Kingdom" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Brown_(tennis)", "text": "Nick Brown", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "It was Jelen's only singles title of his career.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Doubles", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Paul Chamberlin / Tim Wilkison defeated Mike De Palmer / Gary Donnelly 7–6, 6–4", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United States" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Chamberlin", "text": "Paul Chamberlin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United States" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Wilkison", "text": "Tim Wilkison", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United States" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_De_Palmer", "text": "Mike De Palmer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United States" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Donnelly", "text": "Gary Donnelly", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "It was Chamberlin's only title of the year and the 1st of his career. It was Wilkison's 1st title of the year and the 15th of his career.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "\" See You at the Show \" is a Devo single on their 2005 CD, All the Right Reasons. It was released as a promotional single and was never shipped to radio. It was used by Nine Network in Australia in 2006 as the theme song for their broadcast of the Australian Football League Friday Night Football matches.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devo", "text": "Devo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_the_Right_Reasons", "text": "All the Right Reasons", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nine_Network", "text": "Nine Network", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia", "text": "Australia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Football_League", "text": "Australian Football League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday_Night_Football_(Australia)", "text": "Friday Night Football", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Commercial performance", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "During the song's release, \" Far Away \" was more successful on the Billboard Hot 100 and U.S. Pop charts, while \"See You at the Show\" instead found moderate success on the rock charts. It peaked at number four on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, and number 37 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart. It entered the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 54.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far_Away_(Nickelback_song)", "text": "Far Away", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100", "text": "Billboard Hot 100", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainstream_Rock_Tracks", "text": "Mainstream Rock Tracks", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Rock_Tracks", "text": "Modern Rock Tracks", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Track listing", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"See You at the Show\" (Single Version)", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"See You at the Show\" (Album Version)", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\" James Dean \" (Live Unplugged)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Dean_(song)", "text": "James Dean", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox song", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "\"See You at the Show\"", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Single by Devo", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "from the album All the Right Reasons", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Released", "value": "June 14, 2006", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Genre", "value": "Post-grunge", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_genre", "text": "Genre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-grunge", "text": "Post-grunge", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Length", "value": "4: 04 (album version) 3:32 (single version)", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Label", "value": "Roadrunner", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_label", "text": "Label", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roadrunner_Records", "text": "Roadrunner", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Songwriter(s)", "value": null, "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songwriter", "text": "Songwriter(s)", "images": null } ], "values": [ " - Mark Mothersbaugh\n - Randy Meisner\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Producer(s)", "value": null, "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_producer", "text": "Producer(s)", "images": null } ], "values": [ " - Devo\n - Joey Moi\n" ], "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Devo singles chronology", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "\" Savin' Me \" (2006) \" See You at the Show \" (2006) \" If Everyone Cared \" (2006)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savin'_Me", "text": "Savin' Me", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_Everyone_Cared", "text": "If Everyone Cared", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "\" Savin' Me \" (2006) \" See You at the Show \" (2006) \" If Everyone Cared \" (2006)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savin'_Me", "text": "Savin' Me", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_Everyone_Cared", "text": "If Everyone Cared", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Statistics of Czechoslovak First League in the 1934–35 season.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechoslovak_First_League", "text": "Czechoslovak First League", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Overview", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "It was contested by 12 teams, and Slavia Prague won the championship. František Svoboda was the league's top scorer with 27 goals.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavia_Prague", "text": "Slavia Prague", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/František_Svoboda", "text": "František Svoboda", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "League standings", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": null } ]

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"2024-04-25T20:42:57"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Agglomerate is a material composed of iron oxides and gangue, roasted and sintered in an agglomeration plant. This product is obtained by burning coal previously mixed with iron ore and oxides. This conditioning of iron ore optimizes its use in the blast furnace.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangue", "text": "gangue", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "History", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The advantages of agglomeration were identified very early on, but the processes used at the time were not continuous. The primitive method, which consisted of a grindstone grate, was abandoned towards the end of the 19th century because it was too fuel-intensive. Shaft furnaces then replaced them, their much higher efficiency being due both to the confinement of the reaction and to counter-current operation (the solids sink and the gases rise).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grindstone", "text": "grindstone", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In these furnaces, iron ores were roasted to obtain the opposite result to the one we're looking for now: in 1895, roasting was carried out at low temperatures to avoid aggregation, and to obtain friable ore.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "At the time, ore roasting furnaces were tanks inspired by blast furnaces and lime kilns, and were not very productive tools. Around 1910, the Greenawald process, which automated the principle3, saw some development, enabling the production of 300,000 tonnes a year.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In June 1906, A.S. Dwight and R. L. Lloyd built the first agglomerating machine on a chain (also known as a grate), which began agglomerating copper and lead ores. The first agglomeration line for iron ores was built in 1910 in Birdsboro, Pennsylvania.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "It took some thirty years for the sintering of ores on chains to become widespread in the steel industry. Whereas before the Second World War, it was mainly used for reconditioning ore fines, after 1945 it became widespread for processing raw ores. Today, it plays an essential role in the blending of different ores and, above all, in the incorporation of mineral wastes of varying iron content. This recycling role improves profitability and limits the amount of waste generated by steel complexes, which generate numerous iron-rich residues (slag, sludge, dust, etc.).", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Interests and limitations", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Interests", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Chipboard is a product optimized for use in blast furnaces. To do so, it must meet several conditions:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "be composed of a gangue of oxides which, combined with the ash from coke combustion (essentially silica), will give rise to a fusible slag which is both reactive towards impurities (in particular the sulfur provided by the coke), not very aggressive towards the refractories lining the blast furnace and of a quality suitable for its use;", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_dioxide", "text": "silica", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coke_(fuel)", "text": "coke", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ensure a precise particle size, generally between 20 and 80 mm (pieces that are too small clog up the furnace, and pieces that are too large take too long to transform in the core);", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "maintain permeability to reducing gases at the highest possible temperatures;", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "low-temperature endothermic reactions that can be carried out more economically outside a blast furnace. These are essentially drying, calcination of the gangue (decarbonisation of limestone and dehydration of clay or gypsum), and reduction reactions. The agglomerate then becomes, at equal weight, richer in iron than the ore.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "over oxidize iron oxides, Fe O being better reduced by the carbon monoxide present in the blast furnace than less oxidized compounds, especially Fe O.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron(III)_oxide", "text": "Fe O", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron(II,III)_oxide", "text": "Fe O", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Another advantage is the elimination of undesirable elements: the chain agglomeration process eliminates 80-95% of the sulfur present in the ore and its additives. It's also a way of getting rid of zinc, the element that \"poisons\" blast furnaces, as its vaporization temperature of 907°C corresponds to that of a well-conducted roast.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Limitations", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "On the other hand, agglomerate is an abrasive product that damages blast furnace vessels, especially if these are not designed for absorber, and is above all fragile. Repeated handling degrades its grain size and generates fines, making it unsuitable for packaging at sites far from blast furnaces: pellets are therefore preferable. Cold resistance, particularly to crushing, can be improved by increasing the energy input during sintering.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Improving mechanical strength also improves the performance of agglomerates in the processes that use them. The reduction of hematite (Fe O) to magnetite (Fe O) creates internal stresses. However, in addition to increasing the cost of agglomerate production, reducibility deteriorates when mechanical strength is sought.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematite", "text": "hematite", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetite", "text": "magnetite", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Composition", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Agglomerates are generally classified as acidic or basic. The complete basicity index ic is calculated by the following ratio of mass concentrations:", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "I c = + + {\\displaystyle I_{c}={\\frac {+}{+}}}", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "It is often simplified by simply calculating a simplified basicity index noted i (or sometimes ia), equal to the ratio CaO / SiO2. An agglomerate with an index ic of less than 1 is said to be acidic; above 1, it is generally said to be basic; equal to 1, it is said to be self-melting (i =1 being equivalent to i =1.40). Before the 1950s, agglomerates with an ic value of less than 0.5 were in the majority. Then, when it was realized that agglomerate could incorporate limestone, which was then charged into the blast furnace separately, basic indices became widespread: in 1965, indices below 0.5 represented less than 15% of the tonnage of agglomerate produced, while basic agglomerates accounted for 45%.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_oxide", "text": "CaO", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_dioxide", "text": "SiO2", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Again, we find the relationship: i b = + k ⋅ {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle \\ i_{b}={\\frac {+k\\cdot }{}}} k being an empirically determined constant (sometimes equal, for simplicity, to 1). Iron reduction is, in itself, favored by a basic environment, and peaks at 2<i <2.5. It is also in this range that mechanical strength is best (and also, the slag's fusibility is the worst, which complicates its removal from the blast furnace). Above an ib value of 2.6, the proportion of molten agglomerate increases, clogging the pores and slowing down chemical reactions between gases and oxides. As for acid agglomerates with an i index of less than 1, softening begins as soon as only around 15% of the ore has been reduced.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The optimum basicity index is therefore determined according to the ore used, the technical characteristics of the blast furnace, the intended use of the cast iron and the desired qualities. For example:", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Cast irons made from Minette (ore) and intended for refining using the Thomas process had basicities of i=1.35 (a complete index I=1), which was a compromise between low-temperature viscosity (which requires an acidic slag) and desulfurization (favored by a basic slag);", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minette_(ore)", "text": "Minette (ore)", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilchrist–Thomas_process", "text": "Thomas process", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "plants for which sulfur-rich cast iron is not a problem adopt a more acidic agglomerate: with i= 0.9 to 1.0. This favors silicon reduction but can result in very high sulfur contents, from 0.1 to 0.25%;", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "the production of ferromanganese in the blast furnace requires a high manganese yield and therefore high basicities, up to i = 1.7 or 1.8 (bearing in mind that in this particular case, the index corresponds to i = + + {\\displaystyle \\scriptstyle \\ i={\\frac {++}{}}} !). Meltability is a secondary consideration in this case, as slag temperatures can reach 1,650°C (instead of 1,450°C - 1,550°C in the production of cast irons for refining).", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1953–54 Cypriot First Division was the 17th season of the Cypriot top-level football league.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_football", "text": "football", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Overview", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "It was contested by nine teams with Pezoporikos Larnaca winning the championship.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pezoporikos_Larnaca", "text": "Pezoporikos Larnaca", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "League standings", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": null } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1946 Belgian Grand Prix was a non-championship sportscar race held on 16 June 1946 in the public park of Bois de la Cambre in Brussels.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportscar", "text": "sportscar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bois_de_la_Cambre", "text": "Bois de la Cambre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels", "text": "Brussels", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Report", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "There were two supporting races. The 2000 cc (1000 cc s/c) race, officially called the Seaman Cup, was won by St John Horsfall driving an Aston Martin, with Leslie Johnson coming second in a Frazer Nash and earning the Winston Churchill Cup for the fastest lap. The 1100 cc race was won by Franco Bertani in a Stanguellini, ahead of Simca-Gordini co-founder Amédée Gordini in a car of his own construction, the latter having turned around whilst leading.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Seaman", "text": "Seaman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_John_Horsfall", "text": "St John Horsfall", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aston_Martin", "text": "Aston Martin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Johnson_(racing_driver)", "text": "Leslie Johnson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frazer_Nash", "text": "Frazer Nash", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill", "text": "Winston Churchill", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanguellini", "text": "Stanguellini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordini", "text": "Simca-Gordini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amédée_Gordini", "text": "Amédée Gordini", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox Grand Prix race report", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "1946 Belgian Grand Prix", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Race details", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Date", "value": "16 June 1946", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Official name", "value": "IX Grand Prix Automobile de Belgique", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Location", "value": "Bois de la Cambre Brussels, Belgium", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bois_de_la_Cambre", "text": "Bois de la Cambre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brussels", "text": "Brussels", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Course", "value": "Street circuit", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Course length", "value": "3.7 km (2.3 miles)", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Distance", "value": "33 laps, 122.1 km (75.9 miles)", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Fastest lap", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Driver", "value": "Leslie Johnson", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France", "text": "France", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "France" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Johnson_(racing_driver)", "text": "Leslie Johnson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946_Belgian_Grand_Prix#cite_note-1", "text": null, "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "France", "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": "Time", "value": "1:58.6", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Podium", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "name": "First", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - Eugène Chaboud\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Second", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - Pierre Levegh\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Third", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - Raymond Sommer\n" ], "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "142nd meridian may refer to:", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "142nd meridian east, a line of longitude east of the Greenwich Meridian", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/142nd_meridian_east", "text": "142nd meridian east", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "142nd meridian west, a line of longitude west of the Greenwich Meridian", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/142nd_meridian_west", "text": "142nd meridian west", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The Junior men's race at the 1992 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Boston, Massachusetts, United States, at the Franklin Park on March 21, 1992. A report on the event was given in The New York Times.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992_IAAF_World_Cross_Country_Championships", "text": "1992 IAAF World Cross Country Championships", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston", "text": "Boston", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts", "text": "Massachusetts", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Park_(Boston)", "text": "Franklin Park", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times", "text": "The New York Times", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Complete results, medallists, and the results of British athletes were published.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Race results", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Junior men's race (7.8 km)", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Note: Athletes in parentheses did not score for the team result", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Teams" } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Participation", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "An unofficial count yields the participation of 114 athletes from 27 countries in the Junior men's race. This is in agreement with the official numbers as published.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Algeria (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria", "text": "Algeria", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Belgium (1)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgium", "text": "Belgium", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brazil (5)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil", "text": "Brazil", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Canada (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada", "text": "Canada", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Colombia (1)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombia", "text": "Colombia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Cyprus (5)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus", "text": "Cyprus", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Denmark (5)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark", "text": "Denmark", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ethiopia (4)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopia", "text": "Ethiopia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "France (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France", "text": "France", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Germany (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany", "text": "Germany", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "India (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India", "text": "India", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ireland (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland", "text": "Ireland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Israel (1)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel", "text": "Israel", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Italy (5)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy", "text": "Italy", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Japan (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan", "text": "Japan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Kenya (5)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenya", "text": "Kenya", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lithuania (2)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuania", "text": "Lithuania", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Mexico (2)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico", "text": "Mexico", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Morocco (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morocco", "text": "Morocco", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Netherlands (1)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands", "text": "Netherlands", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "New Zealand (1)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealand", "text": "New Zealand", 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"type": "list_item", "value": "United States (6)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox XC Championships", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "Junior men's race at the 1992 IAAF World Cross Country Championships", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Organisers", "value": "IAAF", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAAF", "text": "IAAF", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Edition", "value": "20th", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Date", "value": "March 21", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Host city", "value": "Boston, Massachusetts, United States", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston", "text": "Boston", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts", "text": "Massachusetts", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United States" } ] } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United States", "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": "Venue", "value": "Franklin Park", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Park_(Boston)", "text": "Franklin Park", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Events", "value": "1", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Distances", "value": "7.8 km – Junior men", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Participation", "value": "114 athletes from 27 nations", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "← 1991 Antwerpen 1993 Amorebieta →", "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1952–53 season was the 69th Scottish football season in which Dumbarton competed at national level, entering the Scottish Football League, the Scottish Cup and the Scottish League Cup. In addition Dumbarton competed in the Stirlingshire Cup.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_in_Scotland", "text": "Scottish football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumbarton_F.C.", "text": "Dumbarton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Football_League", "text": "Scottish Football League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Cup", "text": "Scottish Cup", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_League_Cup", "text": "Scottish League Cup", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirlingshire_Cup", "text": "Stirlingshire Cup", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Scottish League", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "An uncharacteristic good start to the league campaign saw 5 points taken from the first 3 games, but this form was unable to be maintained and Dumbarton finished in a mid-table 10th place, 16 behind champions Stirling Albion.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Scottish Cup", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In the Scottish Cup, there was a quick exit at the first hurdle with Dumbarton losing to Cowdenbeath.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Scottish League Cup", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Despite an unbeaten home record in the League Cup sectional games, with two wins and a draw - three away defeats, including a 1-11 thrashing by Ayr United (matching Dumbarton's heaviest defeat recorded in the 1925-26 season) ensured that Dumbarton finished 3rd of 4, resulting in no further progress in this competition.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stirlingshire Cup", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "However, silverware was achieved, with a first win in the Stirlingshire Cup, where Dumbarton defeated East Stirling in the final.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Friendlies", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Player statistics", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Source:", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Transfers", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Source:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Reserve team", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Dumbarton only played one competitive 'reserve' fixture - in the Second XI Cup - but lost in the first round to St Mirren.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Huddersfield Town's 1951–52 campaign was Town's 32nd consecutive season in the 1st Division, but relegation would send Town to the 2nd Division since the 1919–20 season. Under the leadership of George Stephenson, Town recorded some of their worst ever results in their history, including 7–1 defeats by Wolverhampton Wanderers and Sunderland, as well as a 6–2 defeat by Newcastle United.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_First_Division", "text": "1st Division", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Second_Division", "text": "2nd Division", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1919–20_Huddersfield_Town_A.F.C._season", "text": "1919–20 season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Stephenson_(manager)", "text": "George Stephenson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolverhampton_Wanderers_F.C.", "text": "Wolverhampton Wanderers", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C.", "text": "Sunderland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newcastle_United_F.C.", "text": "Newcastle United", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Squad at the start of the season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA_eligibility_rules", "text": "FIFA eligibility rules", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Review", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Since the end of World War II, Town's league form was in dire need of a boost, but unfortunately George Stephenson's team would soon find out the hard way that staying in Division 1 would be harder than even he imagined. Things weren't made easier with dreadful results against Wolverhampton Wanderers, Preston North End, Newcastle United and Sunderland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II", "text": "World War II", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Stephenson_(manager)", "text": "George Stephenson's", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_First_Division", "text": "Division 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolverhampton_Wanderers_F.C.", "text": "Wolverhampton Wanderers", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preston_North_End_F.C.", "text": "Preston North End", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newcastle_United_F.C.", "text": "Newcastle United", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunderland_A.F.C.", "text": "Sunderland", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Stephenson would leave Leeds Road in March and would be replaced by Stockport County manager Andy Beattie before the end of the season. Town finished in 21st place with 28 points, 3 points behind 20th placed Stoke City.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeds_Road", "text": "Leeds Road", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockport_County_F.C.", "text": "Stockport County", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Beattie", "text": "Andy Beattie", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoke_City_F.C.", "text": "Stoke City", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Squad at the end of the season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA_eligibility_rules", "text": "FIFA eligibility rules", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Appearances and goals", "has_parts": null } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "\" ' Tis So Sweet to Trust in Jesus \" is a Christian hymn with music by William J. Kirkpatrick and lyrics by Louisa M. R. Stead. The lyrics were written in 1882. They appeared in Stead's Songs of Triumph.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity", "text": "Christian", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymn", "text": "hymn", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_J._Kirkpatrick", "text": "William J. Kirkpatrick", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The song is included in many hymnals and has been recorded by many artists.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "History", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The lyrics to \"'Tis So Sweet to Trust in Jesus\" were written by Louisa M. R. Stead. Stead was born in Dover, England in 1850 and she converted to Christianity at the age of nine. In 1871, at the age of 21, she immigrated to the United States, residing in Cincinnati, Ohio. That year, she attended a camp meeting in Urbana, Ohio where she felt the call of God to be a missionary to China, a call she had previously felt in her teenage years. However, due to her health, she was unable to travel. In 1875, four years later, she married and moved to New York City, where she had her daughter, Lily.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dover,_England", "text": "Dover, England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio", "text": "Cincinnati, Ohio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urbana,_Ohio", "text": "Urbana, Ohio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missionary", "text": "missionary", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China", "text": "China", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City", "text": "New York City", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "When her daughter Lily was four years old, Stead and her family were visiting the Long Island Sound when they heard the frantic sounds of a drowning boy. Stead's husband jumped into the sound as an attempt save the child but, tragically, both died in the incident before both Stead and her daughter's eyes. It is believed that this disaster provided the inspiration for the lyrics of the song.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_Island_Sound", "text": "Long Island Sound", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The hymn first appeared in Songs of Triumph, published in 1882 by the National Publishing Association for the Promotion of Holiness. It was put to music by William J. Kirkpatrick, a Methodist gospel hymn writer who published over sixty hymnals.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Modern Recordings", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The song was featured in Word Records 's 1989 album, Our Hymns, and was sung by Amy Grant. It went on to peak at the second position on the CCM AC chart and won Country Record Song of the Year at the 1990 GMA Dove Awards.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_Records", "text": "Word Records", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Hymns", "text": "Our Hymns", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Grant", "text": "Amy Grant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCM_AC_chart", "text": "CCM AC chart", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMA_Dove_Awards", "text": "GMA Dove Awards", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The hymn was also included in Alan Jackson's 2006 album, Precious Memories. The album topped both the US Christian Albums and US Top Country Albums charts and won a Dove Award for Country Album of the Year in 2007.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Jackson", "text": "Alan Jackson's", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precious_Memories_(Alan_Jackson_album)", "text": "Precious Memories", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_Christian_Albums", "text": "Christian Albums", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Top_Country_Albums", "text": "Top Country Albums", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dove_Award", "text": "Dove Award", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Lyrics", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "'Tis so sweet to trust in Jesus, Just to take Him at His Word; Just to rest upon His promise, Just to know, \"Thus says the Lord!\" Refrain: Jesus, Jesus, how I trust Him! How I've proved Him o'er and o'er Jesus, Jesus, precious Jesus! O for grace to trust Him more! O how sweet to trust in Jesus, Just to trust His cleansing blood; Just in simple faith to plunge me 'Neath the healing, cleansing flood! Refrain Yes, 'tis sweet to trust in Jesus, Just from sin and self to cease; Just from Jesus simply taking Life and rest, and joy and peace. Refrain I'm so glad I learned to trust Thee, Precious Jesus, Savior, Friend; And I know that Thou art with me, Wilt be with me to the end. Refrain", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-12-21T05:45:31"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1939 Villanova Wildcats football team represented the Villanova University during the 1939 college football season. The head coach was Maurice J. \"Clipper\" Smith, coaching his fourth season with the Wildcats. The team played their home games at Villanova Stadium in Villanova, Pennsylvania.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villanova_University", "text": "Villanova University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1939_college_football_season", "text": "1939 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_J._\"Clipper\"_Smith", "text": "Maurice J. \"Clipper\" Smith", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villanova,_Pennsylvania", "text": "Villanova, Pennsylvania", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Villanova was not ranked in the final AP poll, but it was ranked at No. 34 in the 1939 Williamson System ratings, and at No. 32 in the Litkenhous Ratings.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamson_System", "text": "Williamson System", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litkenhous_Ratings", "text": "Litkenhous Ratings", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Schedule", "has_parts": null } ]

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"2023-12-26T05:18:16"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "\"Unk\" in Funk is an album by blues musician Muddy Waters released by the Chess label in 1974.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muddy_Waters", "text": "Muddy Waters", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_Records", "text": "Chess", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Reception", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "AllMusic reviewer Lindsay Planer stated \"The nine sides on Unk in Funk (1974) are among the last newly recorded material that Muddy Waters would issue during his nearly 30 year association with Chess Records. Backing up the Chicago blues icon is a band he'd carry with him for the remainder of his performing career... They run through a better than average selection of Waters' classics with newer compositions more or less tossed in, presumably to keep the track list fresh. Although Waters certainly has nothing to prove, he attacks his old catalog with the drive and command of a man putting it all on the line\".", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AllMusic", "text": "AllMusic", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Track listing", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "All compositions by McKinley Morganfield except where noted", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "\" Rollin' and Tumblin' \" – 7:28", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollin'_and_Tumblin'", "text": "Rollin' and Tumblin'", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"Just to Be with You\" (Berney Roth) – 3:55", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"Electric Man\" (Amelia Cooper, Terry Abrahamson) – 3:10", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"Trouble No More\" – 2:40", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"\"Unk\" in Funk\" (Cooper, Abrahamson, Ted Kerland) – 3:22", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"Drive My Blues Away\" – 2:48", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"Katie\" – 3:04", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"Waterboy Waterboy\" – 4:00", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"Everything Gonna Be Alright\" (Walter Jacobs) – 3:35", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Walter", "text": "Walter Jacobs", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Personnel", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Muddy Waters – vocals, guitar", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muddy_Waters", "text": "Muddy Waters", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Carey Bell Harrington (tracks 1–3 & 6–8), George Buford (tracks 4 & 9), Paul Oscher (track 5) – harmonica", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carey_Bell", "text": "Carey Bell Harrington", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_\"Mojo\"_Buford", "text": "George Buford", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Oscher", "text": "Paul Oscher", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pinetop Perkins – piano, harpsichord", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinetop_Perkins", "text": "Pinetop Perkins", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Bob Margolin, Luther \"Guitar Junior\" Johnson – guitars", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Margolin", "text": "Bob Margolin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luther_\"Guitar_Junior\"_Johnson", "text": "Luther \"Guitar Junior\" Johnson", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Calvin Jones – bass", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_\"Fuzz\"_Jones", "text": "Calvin Jones", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Willie Smith – drums", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willie_\"Big_Eyes\"_Smith", "text": "Willie Smith", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2022-12-09T07:24:27"

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"2023-08-17T02:12:09"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 Dayton Flyers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Dayton as an independent during the 1947 college football season. In its first season under head coach Joe Gavin, the team compiled a 6–3 record and outscored opponents by a total of 163 to 103. Dick Dahn was the team captain.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Dayton", "text": "University of Dayton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_college_football_season", "text": "1947 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Gavin?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Joe Gavin", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Dayton was ranked at No. 77 (out of 500 college football teams) in the final Litkenhous Ratings for 1947.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litkenhous_Ratings", "text": "Litkenhous Ratings", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1928 San Francisco Seals season was the 26th season in the history of the San Francisco Seals baseball team. The 1926 team won the Pacific Coast League (PCL) pennant with a 120–71 record. Nick Williams was the team's manager. In the 1928 PCL championship series, the Seals defeated the Sacramento Solons four games to two.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Seals_(baseball)", "text": "San Francisco Seals", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Coast_League", "text": "Pacific Coast League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinaldo_Williams", "text": "Nick Williams", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacramento_Solons", "text": "Sacramento Solons", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1925 Seals were selected in 2003 by a panel of minor league experts as the ninth best team in the PCL's 100-year history. The team was also selected by Minor League Baseball as the 50th best team in minor league history. According to one published account, the Seals in 1928 were \"considered the second most valuable franchise in sports, second only to the New York Yankees.\"", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball", "text": "Minor League Baseball", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The team's outfield trio of Smead Jolley, Earl Averill, and Roy Johnson, rated by some as the best minor league outfield in history, combined for 813 hits, 103 home runs, and 437 RBIs. Right fielder Jolley won the PCL's Triple Crown, leading the league with a.404 batting average, 45 home runs, 188 RBIs, 309 hits, and 516 total bases. Center fielder Averill, a Baseball Hall of Fame inductee, led the league with 178 runs and finished second behind Jolly with 173 RBIs. Left fielder Johnson hit.360 and led the PCL with 16 triples. After the 1928 season, the Seals sold the three outfielders for a total of $135,000.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smead_Jolley", "text": "Smead Jolley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_Averill", "text": "Earl Averill", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Johnson_(1930s_outfielder)", "text": "Roy Johnson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_Crown_(baseball)", "text": "Triple Crown", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_Hall_of_Fame", "text": "Baseball Hall of Fame", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Though remembered mostly for their offensive output and.308 team batting average, the 1928 Seals also had a strong pitching staff. Dutch Ruether, a native of Alameda, California, led the PCL with 29 wins and 28 complete games. Elmer Jacobs won 22 games, had a streak of 35 scoreless innings, and led the league with 159 strikeouts and a 2.56 earned run average. Duster Mails, a native of San Quentin, California, won 20 games and struck out 152 batters.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Ruether", "text": "Dutch Ruether", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alameda,_California", "text": "Alameda, California", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Jacobs", "text": "Elmer Jacobs", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earned_run_average", "text": "earned run average", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duster_Mails", "text": "Duster Mails", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Quentin,_California", "text": "San Quentin, California", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "1928 PCL standings", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Players", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Batting", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Pitching", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; PCT = Win percentage; ERA = Earned run average", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Statistics of American Soccer League II in season 1943–44.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Soccer_League_II", "text": "American Soccer League II", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "New England Division", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The league was dormant in its final season.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-08-13T21:14:08"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1939 Vermont Catamounts football team was an American football team that represented the University of Vermont as an independent during the 1939 college football season. In their sixth year under head coach John P. Sabo, the team compiled a 3–3–2 record.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Vermont", "text": "University of Vermont", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1939_college_football_season", "text": "1939 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_P._Sabo", "text": "John P. Sabo", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Vermont was ranked at No. 273 (out of 609 teams) in the final Litkenhous Ratings for 1939.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litkenhous_Ratings", "text": "Litkenhous Ratings", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2024-04-23T04:30:52"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1940 Kansas City Monarchs baseball team represented the Kansas City Monarchs in the Negro American League (NAL) during the 1940 baseball season. The team compiled a 31–15–2 (.667) record and won the NAL pennant.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City_Monarchs", "text": "Kansas City Monarchs", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negro_American_League", "text": "Negro American League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1940_in_baseball", "text": "1940 baseball season", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The team featured three individuals who were later inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame: manager Andy Cooper, center fielder Turkey Stearnes, and left fielder Willard Brown.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_Hall_of_Fame", "text": "Baseball Hall of Fame", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Cooper", "text": "Andy Cooper", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey_Stearnes", "text": "Turkey Stearnes", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willard_Brown", "text": "Willard Brown", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The team's leading batters were:", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Shortstop Jesse Williams -.368 batting average, 24 RBIs in 31 games", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Third baseman Herb Souell -.340 batting average", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herb_Souell", "text": "Herb Souell", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Buck O'Neil -.307 batting average,.447 slugging percentage, 30 RBIs in 31 games", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buck_O'Neil", "text": "Buck O'Neil", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The team's leading pitchers were Jack Matchett (6–2, 2.58 ERA) and Frank Bradley (4–1, 2.38 ERA).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Matchett", "text": "Jack Matchett", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earned_run_average", "text": "ERA", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1864 West Suffolk by-election was held in the United Kingdom on 8 December 1864 when the incumbent Conservative MP, Frederick Hervey became the Marquess of Bristol and so had to resign his seat in the House of Commons. His brother Lord Augustus Hervey, also a Conservative, was elected unopposed. He was returned again at the next three general elections, and held the seat until his death in 1875.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Division_of_Suffolk", "text": "West Suffolk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)", "text": "Conservative", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Hervey,_3rd_Marquess_of_Bristol", "text": "Frederick Hervey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquess_of_Bristol", "text": "Marquess of Bristol", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom", "text": "House of Commons", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Augustus_Hervey", "text": "Lord Augustus Hervey", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The Ahmed Farah (Somali: Axmed Faarax) (Arabic: احمد فرح) Full Name: Ahmad ibn Farah Ibn Abdullah ibn Abdulle ibn Nuuh ibn Muhammad ibn Abū Bakr ibn Jibrīl ibn Abū Bakr ibn Mūsa ibn ash-Shaykh Isḥāq ibn Aḥmad) is a Somali clan, and the largest sub-division of the Habar Je’lo clan of the Isaaq.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Abokor", "text": "Muhammad ibn Abū Bakr", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishaaq_bin_Ahmed", "text": "ash-Shaykh Isḥāq ibn Aḥmad", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habr_Je'lo", "text": "Habar Je’lo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaaq", "text": "Isaaq", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1930–31 SK Rapid Wien season was the 33rd season in club history.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SK_Rapid_Wien", "text": "SK Rapid Wien", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Squad", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Squad statistics", "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Fixtures and results", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Win Draw Loss", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 season was the Chicago Bears ' 28th in the National Football League. The team failed to improve on their 8–2–1 record from 1946 and finished with an 8–4 record, under head coach George Halas, but the team finished second in the NFL Western Division behind their inner-city rivals the Chicago Cardinals missing out on an NFL title game appearance.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_NFL_season", "text": "1947 season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Bears", "text": "Chicago Bears", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "text": "National Football League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Halas", "text": "George Halas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Cardinals_(NFL,_1920–59)", "text": "Chicago Cardinals", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Before the season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Draft", "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Standings", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Events in the year 1673 in Norway.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1673", "text": "1673", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway", "text": "Norway", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Incumbents", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Monarch: Christian V.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_monarchs", "text": "Monarch", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_V", "text": "Christian V", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Arts and literature", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Austre Moland Church was built.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austre_Moland_Church", "text": "Austre Moland Church", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Leinstrand Church was built.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leinstrand_Church", "text": "Leinstrand Church", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Births", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Povel Juel, civil servant and writer (d. 1723).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povel_Juel", "text": "Povel Juel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1723_in_Denmark", "text": "1723", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Gertrud Rask, missionary (d 1735).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gertrud_Rask", "text": "Gertrud Rask", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1735_in_Greenland?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "1735", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Year in Norway", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "image", "name": null, "value": null, "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1672_in_Norway", "text": "1672", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1671_in_Norway", "text": "1671", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1670_in_Norway", "text": "1670", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1673", "text": "1673", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway", "text": "Norway", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1674_in_Norway", "text": "1674", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1675_in_Norway", "text": "1675", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1676_in_Norway", "text": "1676", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/80px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png", "width": 80, "height": 80, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "← 1672 1671 1670 1673 in Norway → 1674 1675 1676", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1672_in_Norway", "text": "1672", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1671_in_Norway", "text": "1671", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1670_in_Norway", "text": "1670", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_1673", "text": "1673", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway", "text": "Norway", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1674_in_Norway", "text": "1674", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1675_in_Norway", "text": "1675", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1676_in_Norway", "text": "1676", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/80px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png", "width": 80, "height": 80, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "list", "name": "Centuries", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - 15th\n - 16th\n - 17th\n - 18th\n - 19th\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Decades", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - 1650s\n - 1660s\n - 1670s\n - 1680s\n - 1690s\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "See also", "value": "1673 in Denmark List of years in Norway", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1673_in_Denmark", "text": "1673 in Denmark", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_years_in_Norway", "text": "List of years in Norway", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 Davidson Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented Davidson University as a member of the Southern Conference during the 1947 college football season. In its second season under head coach William Story, the team compiled a 6–3–1 record (3–3–1 against conference opponents) and outscored opponents by a total of 155 to 108", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davidson_University", "text": "Davidson University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Conference", "text": "Southern Conference", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_college_football_season", "text": "1947 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Story_(American_football)?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "William Story", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In the final Litkenhous Ratings released in mid-December, Davidson was ranked at No. 121 out of 500 college football teams.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litkenhous_Ratings", "text": "Litkenhous Ratings", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The team played its home games at Richardson Stadium in Davidson, North Carolina.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richardson_Stadium", "text": "Richardson Stadium", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davidson,_North_Carolina", "text": "Davidson, North Carolina", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "23°48′N 86°27′E / 23.8°N 86.45°E The 1965 Dhanbad coal mine disaster occurred on 28 May 1965, in a coal mine near Dhanbad, India. An explosion occurred in Dhori colliery near Dhanbad, which led to fire in the mine. The fire killed 268 miners. Dhori colliery is located near Bermo. The mine was at the time owned by the Raja of Ramgarh.", "links": [ { "url": "https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=1965_Dhanbad_coal_mine_disaster&params=23.8_N_86.45_E_", "text": "23°48′N 86°27′E / 23.8°N 86.45°E", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhanbad", "text": "Dhanbad", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India", "text": "India", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhori_Area", "text": "Dhori colliery", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermo", "text": "Bermo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_of_Ramgarh", "text": "Raja of Ramgarh", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1955 Southwestern Louisiana Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented the Southwestern Louisiana Institute of Liberal and Technical Learning (now known as the University of Louisiana at Lafayette) in the Gulf States Conference during the 1955 college football season. In their fifth year under head coach Raymond Didier, the team compiled a 5–4 record.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Louisiana_at_Lafayette", "text": "University of Louisiana at Lafayette", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_States_Conference", "text": "Gulf States Conference", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955_college_football_season", "text": "1955 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_Didier", "text": "Raymond Didier", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1934 North Dakota Fighting Sioux football team, also known as the Nodaks, was an American football team that represented the University of North Dakota in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1934 college football season. In its seventh year under head coach Charles A. West, the team compiled a 7–1 record (3–1 against NCC opponents), won the conference championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 88 to 10.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_North_Dakota", "text": "University of North Dakota", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Central_Conference", "text": "North Central Conference", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934_college_football_season", "text": "1934 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_A._West", "text": "Charles A. West", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Events from the year 1743 in Sweden", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden", "text": "Sweden", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Incumbents", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Monarch – Frederick I", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs", "text": "Monarch", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_I_of_Sweden", "text": "Frederick I", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Events", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "March - The peasant estate in the Riksdag of the Estates support Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark before Adolf Frederik of Holstein-Gottorp, as candidate to the post of heir to the Swedish throne.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riksdag_of_the_Estates", "text": "Riksdag of the Estates", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Denmark", "text": "Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Frederick,_King_of_Sweden", "text": "Adolf Frederik of Holstein-Gottorp", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May - Three of the four estates in the Riksdag of the Estates: the nobility, the clergy and the burghers, offers to support the Russian candidate as heir to the Swedish throne in exchange for favorable peace terms with Russia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riksdag_of_the_Estates", "text": "Riksdag of the Estates", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "11 June - Dalecarlian Rebellion (1743). A rebel army of peasants march toward Stockholm to prevent the election of Adolf Frederik of Holstein-Gottorp as heir to the Swedish throne and punish those responsible for the war.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalecarlian_Rebellion_(1743)", "text": "Dalecarlian Rebellion (1743)", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Frederick,_King_of_Sweden", "text": "Adolf Frederik of Holstein-Gottorp", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "16 June - Preliminary peace between Sweden and Russia.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "22 June - The rebel army reach Stockholm, where they are dispersed by the military.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "23 June - Adolf Frederik of Holstein-Gottorp, the candidate of Empress Elizabeth I of Russia, is elected heir to the Swedish throne.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Frederick,_King_of_Sweden", "text": "Adolf Frederik of Holstein-Gottorp", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_Russia", "text": "Elizabeth I of Russia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July - Execution of Henrik Magnus von Buddenbrock.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_Magnus_von_Buddenbrock", "text": "Henrik Magnus von Buddenbrock", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "7 August - Treaty of Åbo.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Åbo", "text": "Treaty of Åbo", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September – Denmark-Norway threatens to declare war because their candidate, Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark, was not chosen as heir to the Swedish throne, which result in Sweden having to accept a Russian protective force in Sweden.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denmark-Norway", "text": "Denmark-Norway", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Denmark", "text": "Crown Prince Frederick of Denmark", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "- Den sörgande Turtur-dufvan by Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_sörgande_Turtur-dufvan?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Den sörgande Turtur-dufvan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedvig_Charlotta_Nordenflycht", "text": "Hedvig Charlotta Nordenflycht", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "- Elisabeth Christina von Linné publishes her discovery of the Tropaeolum majus.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_Christina_von_Linné", "text": "Elisabeth Christina von Linné", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropaeolum_majus", "text": "Tropaeolum majus", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Births", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "1 February - Johan Christopher Toll, soldier (died 1817)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Christopher_Toll", "text": "Johan Christopher Toll", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1817_in_Sweden", "text": "1817", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 17 - Johan Törnström, sculptor (died 1828)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Törnström", "text": "Johan Törnström", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1828_in_Sweden", "text": "1828", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "11 November - Carl Peter Thunberg, naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus (died 1828)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Peter_Thunberg", "text": "Carl Peter Thunberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1828_in_Sweden", "text": "1828", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "15 December - Eva Helena Löwen, socialite, agent and royal favorite (died 1813)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_Helena_Löwen", "text": "Eva Helena Löwen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1813_in_Sweden", "text": "1813", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Deaths", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July - Execution of Henrik Magnus von Buddenbrock, Lieutenant General (born 1685)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_Magnus_von_Buddenbrock", "text": "Henrik Magnus von Buddenbrock", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1685_in_Sweden", "text": "1685", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "22 march - Emerentia von Düben, royal favorite (born 1669)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerentia_von_Düben", "text": "Emerentia von Düben", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1669_in_Sweden", "text": "1669", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "23 September - Erik Benzelius the younger, theologian (born 1675)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Benzelius_the_younger", "text": "Erik Benzelius the younger", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1675_in_Sweden", "text": "1675", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "20 October - Michael Dahl, painter (born 1659)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Dahl", "text": "Michael Dahl", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1659_in_Sweden", "text": "1659", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1960 Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix was the fourth round of the 1960 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on 3 July 1960 at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960_Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing_season", "text": "1960 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_de_Spa-Francorchamps", "text": "Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "This article is about the particular significance of the year 1937 to Wales and its people.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wales", "text": "Wales", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_people", "text": "its people", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Incumbents", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Archbishop of Wales – Charles Green, Bishop of Bangor", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Wales", "text": "Archbishop of Wales", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Green_(bishop)", "text": "Charles Green", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop_of_Bangor", "text": "Bishop of Bangor", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Archdruid of the National Eisteddfod of Wales – J.J.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archdruid", "text": "Archdruid", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Eisteddfod_of_Wales", "text": "National Eisteddfod of Wales", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_James_Williams_(J._J.)", "text": "J.J.", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Events", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "3 February – 300,000 people march in South Wales in protest against the Means test.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3_February", "text": "3 February", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Means_test", "text": "Means test", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May – Tywyn businessman and MP Henry Haydn Jones, is knighted.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tywyn", "text": "Tywyn", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Haydn_Jones", "text": "Henry Haydn Jones", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "29 June – The Swansea Improvements and Tramway Company closes its tramway system.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/29_June", "text": "29 June", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea_Improvements_and_Tramway_Company", "text": "Swansea Improvements and Tramway Company", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "30 June – The Aid to Spain movement welcomes the arrival at Swansea railway station of the first Basque refugee children to come to Wales.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_June", "text": "30 June", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea_railway_station", "text": "Swansea railway station", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_people", "text": "Basque", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "15 July – George VI and Queen Elizabeth visit Aberystwyth to open the new building at the National Library of Wales.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_July", "text": "15 July", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_VI", "text": "George VI", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother", "text": "Queen Elizabeth", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberystwyth", "text": "Aberystwyth", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Library_of_Wales", "text": "National Library of Wales", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "27 August – Saunders Lewis, Lewis Valentine and D. J. Williams are released from Wormwood Scrubs to the plaudits of nationalist supporters, having served a nine-month sentence for the arson attack on the Penrhos \"bombing school\".", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27_August", "text": "27 August", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saunders_Lewis", "text": "Saunders Lewis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Valentine", "text": "Lewis Valentine", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_John_Williams", "text": "D. J. Williams", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormwood_Scrubs", "text": "Wormwood Scrubs", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November – A strike over safety concerns at the Ocean Coal Company's collieries originates at Risca.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risca", "text": "Risca", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The South Wales Regional Council of Labour is formed.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The parabolic arched church of Our Lady Star of the Sea and St Winefride, Amlwch, designed by Giuseppe Rinvolucri, is completed and consecrated.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_arch", "text": "parabolic arched", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_Star_of_the_Sea_and_St_Winefride,_Amlwch", "text": "Our Lady Star of the Sea and St Winefride, Amlwch", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Rinvolucri", "text": "Giuseppe Rinvolucri", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The Urdd launches the first Welsh books campaign.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdd_Gobaith_Cymru", "text": "Urdd", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Arts and literature", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Summer - Literary magazine Wales first published, edited by Keidrych Rhys.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wales_(magazine)", "text": "Wales", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keidrych_Rhys", "text": "Keidrych Rhys", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "James Gomer Berry becomes chairman of Kemsley Newspapers Ltd.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gomer_Berry,_1st_Viscount_Kemsley", "text": "James Gomer Berry", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The Prose Medal is awarded for the first time at the National Eisteddfod.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Awards", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "National Eisteddfod of Wales (held in Machynlleth)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Eisteddfod_of_Wales", "text": "National Eisteddfod of Wales", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machynlleth", "text": "Machynlleth", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "National Eisteddfod of Wales: Chair – T. Rowland Hughes", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._Rowland_Hughes", "text": "T. Rowland Hughes", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "National Eisteddfod of Wales: Crown – J. M. Edwards", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._M._Edwards?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "J. M. Edwards", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "National Eisteddfod of Wales: Prose Medal – J. O. Williams", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._O._Williams?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "J. O. Williams", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "New books", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ambrose Bebb – Y Ddeddf Uno 1536", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrose_Bebb", "text": "Ambrose Bebb", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "David Jones – In Parenthesis", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Jones_(poet)", "text": "David Jones", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lewis Jones - Cwmardy", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Jones_(writer)", "text": "Lewis Jones", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Eiluned Lewis & Peter Lewis - The Land of Wales", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiluned_Lewis", "text": "Eiluned Lewis", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "T. J. Morgan - Dal Llygoden Ac Ysgrifau Eraill", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._J._Morgan", "text": "T. J. Morgan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Cowper Powys - Morwyn: or The Vengeance of God", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cowper_Powys", "text": "John Cowper Powys", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ernest Rhys – Song of the Sun", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Rhys", "text": "Ernest Rhys", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Louie Myfanwy Thomas writing as Jane Ann Jones – Storïau Hen Ferch", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louie_Myfanwy_Thomas", "text": "Louie Myfanwy Thomas", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Music", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ivor Novello – Crest of the Wave (musical)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivor_Novello", "text": "Ivor Novello", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crest_of_the_Wave_(musical)", "text": "Crest of the Wave (musical)", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Colin Ross – Ostinato", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin_Ross_(composer)", "text": "Colin Ross", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Film", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ray Milland appears in five new films, including Ebb Tide.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Milland", "text": "Ray Milland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Broadcasting", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "1 February – A new transmitter is opened at Penmon, Anglesey, to bring the West and Wales BBC Regional Programme to North Wales.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_February", "text": "1 February", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penmon,_Anglesey", "text": "Penmon, Anglesey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Regional_Programme", "text": "BBC Regional Programme", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "4 July – Following the alteration of frequencies at the BBC's Washford transmitting station to enable it to radiate separate regional services for South Wales and the West of England, the new Welsh Regional Programme begins, broadcast from Washford (across the Bristol Channel) on 1050 kHz and Penmon on 804 kHz.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4_July", "text": "4 July", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washford_transmitting_station", "text": "Washford transmitting station", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Radio programmes include: The Fascination of Brechfa, presented by G. Arbour Stevens", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Sport", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Billiards - Horace Coles wins the World Amateur Billiards Championship.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billiards", "text": "Billiards", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace_Coles?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Horace Coles", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Boxing 15 March - Tommy Farr wins the British and Commonwealth heavyweight titles. 30 August - Farr loses on points to Joe Louis.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxing", "text": "Boxing", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_March", "text": "15 March", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Farr", "text": "Tommy Farr", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_August", "text": "30 August", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Louis", "text": "Joe Louis", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "15 March - Tommy Farr wins the British and Commonwealth heavyweight titles.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_March", "text": "15 March", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Farr", "text": "Tommy Farr", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "30 August - Farr loses on points to Joe Louis.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_August", "text": "30 August", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Louis", "text": "Joe Louis", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Births", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "8 January – Shirley Bassey, singer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_January", "text": "8 January", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Bassey", "text": "Shirley Bassey", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "22 January – Ryan Davies, entertainer (died 1977)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22_January", "text": "22 January", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryan_Davies", "text": "Ryan Davies", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "24 January – Trevor Edwards, footballer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24_January", "text": "24 January", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor_Edwards", "text": "Trevor Edwards", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "18 February – Donald Braithwaite, boxer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_February", "text": "18 February", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Braithwaite", "text": "Donald Braithwaite", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "13 March – Martin Thomas, Baron Thomas of Gresford, politician", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13_March", "text": "13 March", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Thomas,_Baron_Thomas_of_Gresford", "text": "Martin Thomas, Baron Thomas of Gresford", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "21 March – Ann Clwyd, politician", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/21_March", "text": "21 March", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Clwyd", "text": "Ann Clwyd", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "22 April – Julian Cayo-Evans, political activist (died 1995)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22_April", "text": "22 April", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_Cayo-Evans", "text": "Julian Cayo-Evans", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "26 April – Gareth Gwenlan, television producer (died 2016)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/26_April", "text": "26 April", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gareth_Gwenlan", "text": "Gareth Gwenlan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "27 May – Danny Harris, rugby player", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27_May", "text": "27 May", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny_Harris_(rugby)", "text": "Danny Harris", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "8 June Gillian Clarke, poet John Williams, snooker referee", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_June", "text": "8 June", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gillian_Clarke", "text": "Gillian Clarke", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Williams_(snooker_referee)", "text": "John Williams", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Gillian Clarke, poet", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gillian_Clarke", "text": "Gillian Clarke", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Williams, snooker referee", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Williams_(snooker_referee)", "text": "John Williams", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "14 August – Brian Curvis, welterweight boxer (died 2012)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14_August", "text": "14 August", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Curvis", "text": "Brian Curvis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_in_Wales", "text": "2012", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "7 September – Clive Everton, snooker commentator", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7_September", "text": "7 September", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clive_Everton", "text": "Clive Everton", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "14 September – Fenton Coles, rugby player", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14_September", "text": "14 September", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenton_Coles", "text": "Fenton Coles", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "30 September – Gary Hocking, motorcycle road racer (died 1962)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_September", "text": "30 September", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Hocking", "text": "Gary Hocking", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_in_Wales", "text": "1962", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "5 October – Iwan Edwards, choral conductor (in Canada) (died 2022)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_October", "text": "5 October", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwan_Edwards", "text": "Iwan Edwards", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "6 October – David Morgan, cricket administrator", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6_October", "text": "6 October", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Morgan_(cricket_administrator)", "text": "David Morgan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "19 October – Terence Thomas, banker (died 2018 in England)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19_October", "text": "19 October", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terence_Thomas,_Baron_Thomas_of_Macclesfield", "text": "Terence Thomas", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "30 October – Brian Price, rugby player", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_October", "text": "30 October", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Price_(rugby_player)", "text": "Brian Price", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "8 December – Malcolm Price, rugby player", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_December", "text": "8 December", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_Price", "text": "Malcolm Price", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "30 December – Saunders Davies, Anglican bishop", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_December", "text": "30 December", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saunders_Davies", "text": "Saunders Davies", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "31 December – Sir Anthony Hopkins, actor", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/31_December", "text": "31 December", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins", "text": "Anthony Hopkins", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Trebor Edwards, tenor Prys Morgan, historian", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trebor_Edwards", "text": "Trebor Edwards", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prys_Morgan", "text": "Prys Morgan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Trebor Edwards, tenor", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trebor_Edwards", "text": "Trebor Edwards", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Prys Morgan, historian", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prys_Morgan", "text": "Prys Morgan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Deaths", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "15 January – Arthur Cheetham, pioneering film maker, 72", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_January", "text": "15 January", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Cheetham", "text": "Arthur Cheetham", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "2 February – Hugh Ingledew, Wales international rugby player, 71", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_February", "text": "2 February", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Ingledew", "text": "Hugh Ingledew", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April – Jack Doughty, footballer, 71", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Doughty", "text": "Jack Doughty", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "21 April – Kenneth Morris, Theosophist writer, 57", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/21_April", "text": "21 April", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Morris_(author)", "text": "Kenneth Morris", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "28 April – Frederick Guest, politician, 61", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/28_April", "text": "28 April", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Guest", "text": "Frederick Guest", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "15 May – George Thomson, footballer, 82", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15_May", "text": "15 May", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Thomson_(footballer_born_1854)", "text": "George Thomson", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "18 May – Idwal Jones, schoolmaster, poet and dramatist, 41", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_May", "text": "18 May", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idwal_Jones_(writer)", "text": "Idwal Jones", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "20 May – Walter Davis, footballer, 48 (drowned)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20_May", "text": "20 May", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Davis_(footballer)", "text": "Walter Davis", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "5 June – Owen Cosby Philipps, 1st Baron Kylsant, shipping magnate, 74", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_June", "text": "5 June", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen_Cosby_Philipps,_1st_Baron_Kylsant", "text": "Owen Cosby Philipps, 1st Baron Kylsant", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "26 June – Jackie Beynon, footballer (peritonitis)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/26_June", "text": "26 June", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie_Beynon", "text": "Jackie Beynon", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "22 July – Alfred George Edwards, former Archbishop of Wales, 88", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22_July", "text": "22 July", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_George_Edwards", "text": "Alfred George Edwards", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Wales", "text": "Archbishop of Wales", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "2 October – Swansea Jack, retriever, 7", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2_October", "text": "2 October", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swansea_Jack", "text": "Swansea Jack", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "22 October – William Penfro Rowlands, hymn-writer, 77", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/22_October", "text": "22 October", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Penfro_Rowlands", "text": "William Penfro Rowlands", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "23 October – Stephen Thomas, Wales international rugby player, 72", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/23_October", "text": "23 October", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Thomas_(rugby_player)", "text": "Stephen Thomas", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "1 November – William Alexander, Wales international rugby player, 63", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_November", "text": "1 November", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Alexander_(rugby_player)", "text": "William Alexander", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "25 November – David Lewis Davies, politician, 64", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25_November", "text": "25 November", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lewis_Davies", "text": "David Lewis Davies", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "26 December – Dan Beddoe, popular singer, 74", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/26_December", "text": "26 December", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Beddoe", "text": "Dan Beddoe", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2024-01-19T16:16:33"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1953 Texas Southern Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Texas Southern University as a member of the Midwest Athletic Association (MAA) during the 1953 college football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Alexander Durley, the Tigers compiled an overall record of 7–3, with a mark of 2–1 in the MAA.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Southern_University", "text": "Texas Southern University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwest_Athletic_Association", "text": "Midwest Athletic Association", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_college_football_season", "text": "1953 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Durley", "text": "Alexander Durley", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-06-07T04:06:55"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The following is an overview of the events of 1936 in motorsport including the major racing events, motorsport venues that were opened and closed during a year, championships and non-championship events that were established and disestablished in a year, and births and deaths of racing drivers and other motorsport people.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Annual events", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The calendar includes only annual major non-championship events or annual events that had own significance separate from the championship. For the dates of the championship events see related season articles.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1936_in_motorsport", "text": "season articles", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-07-10T21:51:00"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The twelfth electoral unit of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is a parliamentary constituency used to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina since 2000. It consists of Canton 10.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_Units_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina", "text": "electoral unit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina", "text": "Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina", "text": "House of Representatives of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canton_10", "text": "Canton 10", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Demographics", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Representatives", "has_parts": null } ]

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"2024-02-26T22:23:13"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 10th Islamic Consultative Assembly (Persian: دوره دهم مجلس شورای اسلامی) was the 34th Parliament of Iran that commenced on 28 May 2016 following the legislative elections on 26 February and 29 April 2016 and ended on 26 May 2020.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_Iran", "text": "Parliament of Iran", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_legislative_election,_2016", "text": "26 February and 29 April 2016", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "According to Anoushiravan Ehteshami, three things make this parliament noteworthy: return of the reformists to the parliamentary arena, a record of 17 seats held by female lawmakers and the fact that only 26% of the incumbent MPs were re-elected in the elections, making it a less experienced parliament.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anoushiravan_Ehteshami", "text": "Anoushiravan Ehteshami", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_Reformists", "text": "reformists", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women's_fraction", "text": "female lawmakers", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Parliamentary groups", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The parliament has three main parliamentary groups:", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_group", "text": "parliamentary groups", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The reformist Hope fraction is the largest bloc by number, however it is unable to form a partnership with a great number of newcomers and independents who owe little allegiance to any particular faction. Instead, the conservative allies of Hassan Rouhani led by Ali Larijani have effectively mobilized them. It was clearly illustrated when Mohammad Reza Aref declined to stand for the speaker and Larijani was re-elected uncontested with 237 out of 276 votes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hope_fraction", "text": "Hope fraction", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassan_Rouhani", "text": "Hassan Rouhani", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Larijani", "text": "Ali Larijani", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Aref", "text": "Mohammad Reza Aref", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-11-26T00:58:36"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Events from the year 1787 in the United States. The United States Constitution was written and the ratification process began.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution", "text": "United States Constitution", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Incumbents", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Confederal government", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "President: Arthur St. Clair (February 2-October 29)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_St._Clair", "text": "Arthur St. Clair", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Second Continental Congress", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Continental_Congress", "text": "Second Continental Congress", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Governors", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Governor of Delaware: Thomas Collins (no political party) (starting December 7)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Delaware", "text": "Governor of Delaware", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Collins_(governor)", "text": "Thomas Collins", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Governor of New Jersey: William Livingston (Federalist) (starting December 18)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_New_Jersey", "text": "Governor of New Jersey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Livingston", "text": "William Livingston", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalist", "text": "Federalist", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Governor of Pennsylvania: Benjamin Franklin (Independent) (starting December 12)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Pennsylvania", "text": "Governor of Pennsylvania", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin", "text": "Benjamin Franklin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_politician", "text": "Independent", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Events", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "January–March", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 6 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase 100 acres (0.40 km) of land for the county seat of Chatham County. 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"list_item", "value": "January 10 – Robert C. Nicholas, U.S. Senator from Louisiana from 1836 to 1841 (died 1857)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_C._Nicholas", "text": "Robert C. Nicholas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1857_in_the_United_States", "text": "1857", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 13 – James P. Carrell, minister, singing teacher, composer and songbook compiler (died 1854)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_P._Carrell", "text": "James P. Carrell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1854_in_the_United_States", "text": "1854", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 23 – Emma Willard, women's rights activist and educator (died 1870)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma_Willard", "text": "Emma Willard", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1870_in_the_United_States", "text": "1870", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 7 – George Bethune English, explorer and writer (died 1828)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Bethune_English", "text": "George Bethune English", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1828_in_the_United_States", "text": "1828", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 28 – Theodore Frelinghuysen, running mate of Henry Clay in 1844 (born 1862)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Frelinghuysen", "text": "Theodore Frelinghuysen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Clay", "text": "Henry Clay", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1862_in_the_United_States", "text": "1862", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 7 – Thomas Buck Reed, U.S. Senator from Mississippi from 1826 to 1827 and in 1829 (died 1829)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Buck_Reed", "text": "Thomas Buck Reed", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1829_in_the_United_States", "text": "1829", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 27 – Thomas Say, naturalist (died 1834)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Say", "text": "Thomas Say", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1834_in_the_United_States", "text": "1834", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 31? – Oliver H. Prince, U.S. Senator from Georgia from 1828 to 1829 (died 1837)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_H._Prince", "text": "Oliver H. Prince", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_in_the_United_States", "text": "1837", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 20 – John Milton Niles, U.S. Senator from Connecticut from 1835 to 1839 and from 1843 to 1849 (died 1856)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Milton_Niles", "text": "John Milton Niles", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1856_in_the_United_States", "text": "1856", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 10 – John J. Crittenden, U.S. Senator from Kentucky 1817-1819, 1835-1841, 1842-1848 & 1855-1861 (died 1863)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_J._Crittenden", "text": "John J. 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Stevens", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 15 – Richard Henry Dana Sr., poet, critic and lawyer (died 1879)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Henry_Dana_Sr.", "text": "Richard Henry Dana Sr.", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1879_in_the_United_States", "text": "1879", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 10 – Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, minister, educator, co-founder of the first permanent school for the deaf in North America (died 1851)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hopkins_Gallaudet", "text": "Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1851_in_the_United_States", "text": "1851", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Deaths", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 1 – Arthur Middleton, politician (born 1742)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Middleton", "text": "Arthur Middleton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1742", "text": "1742", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 3 – George William Fairfax, planter and member of the landed gentry of late colonial Virginia (born 1729)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_William_Fairfax", "text": "George William Fairfax", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1729", "text": "1729", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 27 – Charles DeWitt, planter and member of the landed gentry of late colonial Virginia (born 1727)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_DeWitt", "text": "Charles DeWitt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1727", "text": "1727", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 5 – Thomas Stone, planter and lawyer, signatory of U.S. Declaration of Independence (born 1743)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Stone", "text": "Thomas Stone", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1743", "text": "1743", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "William Savery, cabinetmaker (born 1721 or 1722)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Savery_(cabinetmaker)", "text": "William Savery", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2023-10-16T04:35:07"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Events from the year 1743 in Russia", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia", "text": "Russia", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Incumbents", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Monarch – Elizabeth", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Russian_monarchs", "text": "Monarch", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Russia", "text": "Elizabeth", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Events", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Births", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 23 - Catherine Shuvalova, Russian courtier. (d. 1816)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Shuvalova", "text": "Catherine Shuvalova", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1816_in_Russia?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "1816", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Deaths", "has_parts": null } ]

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"2021-06-29T18:35:38"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1916–17 Toronto Hockey Club season was the fifth and final season of the Toronto franchise in the National Hockey Association (NHA). With the departure of the Toronto 228th Battalion when their regiment was ordered overseas, the NHA decided to suspend the Toronto Blueshirts franchise as well for the remainder of the season. Before the start of the next season, the NHA folded and a new league, the National Hockey League (NHL), was founded with a new team, the Toronto Hockey Club, which went on to become the present day Toronto Maple Leafs.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1916–17_NHA_season", "text": "1916–17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_Blueshirts", "text": "Toronto Hockey Club", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Hockey_Association", "text": "National Hockey Association", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_228th_Battalion_(NHA)", "text": "Toronto 228th Battalion", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Hockey_League", "text": "National Hockey League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_Arenas", "text": "Toronto Hockey Club", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto_Maple_Leafs", "text": "Toronto Maple Leafs", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Regular season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Final standings", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals Against After the 228th Battalion dropped out, and Toronto suspended, the schedule was revised so that the remaining teams would play a 20 game schedule of two halves containing 10 games each. Some of the games to that point were moved into the second half. The 'second half' standings therefore include some games that the 228th and Toronto played.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Game log", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Toronto Blueshirts franchise suspended on February 11.", "links": null, "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Second half" } ] } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox IcehockeyTeamSeason", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "1916–17 Toronto Hockey Club", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "1916–17 record", "value": "7–7–0", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Home record", "value": "4–3–0", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Road record", "value": "3–4–0", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Goals for", "value": "64", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Goals against", "value": "61", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Arena", "value": "Arena Gardens", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_Street_Arena", "text": "Arena Gardens", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2024-03-01T23:29:57"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 Chicago Cardinals season was the franchise's 28th season in the National Football League. The Cardinals won the second NFL championship in team history against the Philadelphia Eagles. The team was led by its \" Million Dollar Backfield \" of Elmer Angsman, Charley Trippi, Paul Christman, and Pat Harder. It was quite a turnaround for a franchise who was riding a 19-game losing streak just two years earlier.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "text": "National Football League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_Philadelphia_Eagles_season", "text": "Philadelphia Eagles", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Million_Dollar_Backfield_(Chicago_Cardinals)", "text": "Million Dollar Backfield", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Angsman", "text": "Elmer Angsman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charley_Trippi", "text": "Charley Trippi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Christman", "text": "Paul Christman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pat_Harder", "text": "Pat Harder", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The Cards would win the Western Division again in 1948 but lose the Championship Game to the Eagles; it would be another 26 years until the now St. Louis Cardinals would win another division title. Also, it would be over half a century (and two franchise shifts) until the Cardinals would win another playoff game, in 1998; an NFL-record 51 years. As of the end of 2023, this remains the team's last NFL title, the longest active \"championship drought\" in American professional sports.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948_NFL_Championship_Game", "text": "Championship Game", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_St._Louis_Cardinals_(NFL)_season", "text": "St. Louis Cardinals", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Arizona_Cardinals_season", "text": "1998", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_NFL_season", "text": "2023", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The last remaining active member of the 1947 Chicago Cardinals was Charley Trippi, who retired after the 1955 season.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charley_Trippi", "text": "Charley Trippi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955_NFL_season", "text": "1955 season", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Before the season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Draft", "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Regular season", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Standings", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: Tie games were not officially counted in the standings until 1972.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Postseason", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "NFL Championship Game", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 NFL Championship Game was the 15th annual championship game and was held December 28, 1947, at Comiskey Park in Chicago. The game featured the Western Division champion Chicago Cardinals (9–3) and the Eastern Division champion Philadelphia Eagles (8–4). The Cardinals won the game by a score of 28–21.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comiskey_Park", "text": "Comiskey Park", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago", "text": "Chicago", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Cardinals", "text": "Chicago Cardinals", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles", "text": "Philadelphia Eagles", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Awards and records", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pat Harder, NFL scoring leader: 102 points", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pat_Harder", "text": "Pat Harder", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pat Harder, NFL record, most field goals in one game: 7", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox NFL season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "1947 Chicago Cardinals season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Head coach", "value": "Jimmy Conzelman", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Conzelman", "text": "Jimmy Conzelman", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Home field", "value": "Comiskey Park", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comiskey_Park", "text": "Comiskey Park", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Record", "value": "9–3", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Division place", "value": "1st NFL Western", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Division_(NFL)", "text": "NFL Western", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Playoff finish", "value": "Won NFL Championship (vs. Eagles) 28–21", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_NFL_Championship_Game", "text": "NFL Championship", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_Philadelphia_Eagles_season", "text": "Eagles", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2022-11-20T03:05:52"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Svenska Serien 1916–17, part of the 1916–17 Swedish football season, was the seventh Svenska Serien season played. IFK Göteborg won the league ahead of runners-up Örgryte IS.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1916–17_in_Swedish_football", "text": "1916–17 Swedish football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svenska_Serien", "text": "Svenska Serien", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFK_Göteborg", "text": "IFK Göteborg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Örgryte_IS", "text": "Örgryte IS", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "League table", "has_parts": null } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "infobox football league season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "Svenska Serien", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Season", "value": "1916–17", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "← 1915–16 1917–18 →", "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-10-23T08:12:58"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1939 VFL season was the 43rd season of the Victorian Football League (VFL), the highest level senior Australian rules football competition in Victoria. The season featured twelve clubs, ran from 22 April until 30 September, and comprised an 18-game home-and-away season followed by a finals series featuring the top four clubs.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victorian_Football_League_(1897–1989)", "text": "Victorian Football League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_rules_football", "text": "Australian rules football", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The premiership was won by the Melbourne Football Club for the third time, after it defeated Collingwood by 53 points in the 1939 VFL Grand Final.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne_Football_Club", "text": "Melbourne Football Club", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collingwood_Football_Club", "text": "Collingwood", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1939_VFL_Grand_Final", "text": "1939 VFL Grand Final", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Background", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 1939, the VFL competition consisted of twelve teams of 18 on-the-field players each, plus one substitute player, known as the 19th man. A player could be substituted for any reason; however, once substituted, a player could not return to the field of play under any circumstances.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Teams played each other in a home-and-away season of 18 rounds; matches 12 to 18 were the \"home-and-way reverse\" of matches 1 to 7.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Once the 18 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1939 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the Page–McIntyre system.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Page–McIntyre_system", "text": "Page–McIntyre system", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Home-and-away season", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Ladder", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Rules for classification: 1. premiership points; 2. percentage; 3. points for Average score: 91.4 Source: AFL Tables", "links": [ { "url": "https://afltables.com/afl/seas/1939.html#lad", "text": "AFL Tables", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Finals series", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Season notes", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Two key rule changes were made nationally in 1939. The holding the ball rule was altered to eliminate the provision for a player to drop the ball when tackled, meaning that a player was forced to either kick or handpass the ball when tackled to avoid conceding a free kick. The boundary throw-in was reintroduced whenever the ball went out of bounds, except when put out deliberately, instead of a free kick being awarded against the last player to touch the ball, as had been the case since 1925.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holding_the_ball", "text": "holding the ball", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The holding the ball rule was altered to eliminate the provision for a player to drop the ball when tackled, meaning that a player was forced to either kick or handpass the ball when tackled to avoid conceding a free kick.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holding_the_ball", "text": "holding the ball", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The boundary throw-in was reintroduced whenever the ball went out of bounds, except when put out deliberately, instead of a free kick being awarded against the last player to touch the ball, as had been the case since 1925.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Hawthorn's win over Carlton in round 5 was its first as a member of the VFL. Carlton had won the first 25 meetings.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawthorn_Football_Club", "text": "Hawthorn's", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlton_Football_Club", "text": "Carlton", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "All round 18 matches were postponed for a week because all grounds were under water from constant rain.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "North Melbourne's win over Geelong in Round 18 was the club's first since their initial meeting in round 1 of the 1925 VFL season, North Melbourne's first match as a member of the VFL, breaking a streak of 23 consecutive wins by Geelong.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Melbourne_Football_Club", "text": "North Melbourne's", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geelong_Football_Club", "text": "Geelong", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1925_VFL_season", "text": "1925 VFL season", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ahead of its semi-final against Richmond on 9 September, St Kilda president Dave McNamara put to the club's committee that it borrow and wear South Melbourne's guernseys for the game, to wear the white and red colours of the Polish merchant service in place of the red, white and black colours of Germany in the week after the declaration of World War II. St Kilda had done similar during McNamara's playing days in World War I adopting Belgium's red, white and yellow in place of the German colours for several years; but on this occasion the club decided to remain in its traditional colours.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_McNamara", "text": "Dave McNamara", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II", "text": "World War II", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I", "text": "World War I", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Awards", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "The 1939 VFL Premiership team was Melbourne.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne_Football_Club", "text": "Melbourne", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The VFL's leading goalkicker was Ron Todd of Collingwood with 98 goals (121 after finals).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleman_Medal", "text": "VFL's leading goalkicker", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Todd_(footballer)", "text": "Ron Todd", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collingwood_Football_Club", "text": "Collingwood", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The Argus newspaper's \"Player of the Year\", was shared between Jack Dyer of Richmond and Dick Reynolds of Essendon.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Argus_(Melbourne)", "text": "The Argus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Dyer", "text": "Jack Dyer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richmond_Football_Club", "text": "Richmond", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Reynolds", "text": "Dick Reynolds", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essendon_Football_Club", "text": "Essendon", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The winner of the 1939 Brownlow Medal was Marcus Whelan of Collingwood with 23 votes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brownlow_Medal", "text": "Brownlow Medal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Whelan", "text": "Marcus Whelan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collingwood_Football_Club", "text": "Collingwood", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "South Melbourne took the \"wooden spoon\" in 1939.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Swans", "text": "South Melbourne", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The seconds premiership was won by Melbourne. Melbourne 22.12 (144) defeated Richmond 17.13 (115) in the Grand Final, played as a stand-alone game on Thursday 28 September (Show Day holiday) at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, before a crowd of 4,100.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbourne_Football_Club", "text": "Melbourne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richmond_Football_Club", "text": "Richmond", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Sources", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "1939 VFL season at AFL Tables", "links": [ { "url": "https://afltables.com/afl/seas/1939.html", "text": "1939 VFL season", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "1939 VFL season at Australian Football", "links": [ { "url": "https://www.australianfootball.com/seasons/season/afl/138/premiership%2Bseason/1/1/1939", "text": "1939 VFL season", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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{ "identifier": "8a51ceb6-aefa-4334-b0de-bd1d932bf124", "type": "update", "date_created": "2024-04-27T00:36:16.886699Z", "date_published": "2024-08-06T08:45:27.156803Z" }

"2024-03-25T22:29:02"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1950 St. Lawrence Larries football team was an American football team that represented St. Lawrence University of Canton, New York, as an independent during the 1950 college football season. In their third year under head coach Paul Patten, the Larries compiled a perfect 8–0 record and outscored opponents by a total of 223 to 71. The team was the first in St. Lawrence football history to finish with a perfect season. It was inducted into the St. Lawrence Hall of Fame in 1990.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Lawrence_University", "text": "St. Lawrence University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canton_(village),_New_York", "text": "Canton, New York", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_college_football_season", "text": "1950 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Patten_(ice_hockey)", "text": "Paul Patten", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_season", "text": "perfect season", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Three St. Lawrence players received honorable mention on the 1950 Little All-America college football team: halfback John Yannes (over 1,000 rushing yards); end Robert Kately; and tackle Bob Walin.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_Little_All-America_college_football_team", "text": "1950 Little All-America college football team", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2022-08-06T11:36:14"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 Australian Grand Prix was a Formula Libre motor race held at the Mount Panorama Circuit, near Bathurst in New South Wales, Australia on 6 October 1947. The race, which had 22 starters, was held over 38 laps of the six kilometre circuit, for a total race distance of 241 kilometres.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_Libre", "text": "Formula Libre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Panorama_Circuit", "text": "Mount Panorama Circuit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathurst,_New_South_Wales", "text": "Bathurst", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_South_Wales", "text": "New South Wales", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia", "text": "Australia", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "It was the twelfth Australian Grand Prix and the first to have been held after the conclusion of World War II. Racing in Australia resumed in 1946, but it took until 1947 for a group, in this case the Australian Sporting Car Club, to take on the running of the Grand Prix. Police opposition to racing at Mount Panorama led to the postponement of the race from Easter to October.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Grand_Prix", "text": "Australian Grand Prix", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II", "text": "World War II", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The race, a handicap event as was the tradition in the immediate post-war period, was won by Bill Murray racing his MG TC. Murray took the lead on the last lap of the race after a tyre failure on Ray Mitchell's Jeep/Ford Special caused the race leader to slow dramatically. Mitchell limped home for fourth position. Future Grand Prix stars also passed Mitchell, second was taken by Dick Bland in his Mercury Special. Bland would claim two more podiums over the four years but a win would be elusive. Third was taken by Lex Davison driving a 7.6 litre Mercedes-Benz SSK 38/250. Davison would go on to become the Grand Prix's most prolific winner, even though his career would be cut short by his death at Sandown in 1965, Davison would win the race four times. Davison also completed the race in the shortest time, a prelude to the future of the race over the next decade and a half.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MG_TC", "text": "MG TC", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_SSK", "text": "Mercedes-Benz SSK", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown_Raceway", "text": "Sandown", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Alf Barrett (Alfa Romeo Monza) started the race from scratch, 37 minutes after the first starter, Les Burrows (MG J2). Barrett retired on lap 29 with valve trouble, having earlier set the fastest lap of the race at 3 minutes 6 seconds. He also achieved the fastest speed of 123.5 mph through the flying quarter-mile.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_P3", "text": "Alfa Romeo Monza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MG_J2", "text": "MG J2", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The Under 1500cc Championship was awarded to Alf Najar and the Over 1500cc Championship to Lex Davison, both titles being decided on net race time, disregarding handicaps.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lex_Davison", "text": "Lex Davison", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The race was watched by 20,000 spectators.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Classification", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Results as follows.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox Grand Prix race report", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "1947 Australian Grand Prix", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Formula Libre handicap race", "has_parts": [ { "type": "image", "name": null, "value": null, "links": null, "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Mount_Panorama_1938-1986.png/220px-Mount_Panorama_1938-1986.png", "width": 220, "height": 220, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Race details", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Date", "value": "6 October 1947", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Location", "value": "Mount Panorama Circuit, Bathurst, New South Wales", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Panorama_Circuit", "text": "Mount Panorama Circuit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathurst,_New_South_Wales", "text": "Bathurst", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_South_Wales", "text": "New South Wales", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Course", "value": "Temporary road circuit", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Course length", "value": "6.12 km (3.84 miles)", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Distance", "value": "38 laps, 241.35 km (150 miles)", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Weather", "value": "Sunny", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Fastest lap", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Driver", "value": "Alf Barrett", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia", "text": "Australia", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "Australia" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_Australian_Grand_Prix#cite_note-Blanden-1", "text": null, "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_P3", "text": "Alfa Romeo Monza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_Australian_Grand_Prix#cite_note-Blanden-1", "text": null, "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "Australia", "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": "Time", "value": "3 min 6 sec", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_Australian_Grand_Prix#cite_note-Blanden-1", "text": null, "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Podium", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "name": "First", "value": "MG", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MG_Cars", "text": "MG", "images": null } ], "values": [ " - Bill Murray\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Second", "value": "Mercury Special", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(automobile)", "text": "Mercury", "images": null } ], "values": [ " - Dick Bland\n" ], "images": null }, { "type": "list", "name": "Third", "value": "Mercedes-Benz", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_in_motorsport", "text": "Mercedes-Benz", "images": null } ], "values": [ " - Lex Davison\n" ], "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2024-04-10T16:51:46"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1956 World Sportscar Championship was the fourth annual FIA World Sportscar Championship. It was a contested by sportscars over a series of five races from 29 January to 12 August 1956.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIA_World_Sportscar_Championship", "text": "FIA World Sportscar Championship", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_car_racing", "text": "sportscars", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Following the major accident at the 1955 24 Hours of Le Mans that killed 80 spectators, 1955 champions Mercedes-Benz officially withdrew from motorsports and thus did not defend their title. This led to the fewest factory-backed competitors for many years.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans", "text": "1955 24 Hours of Le Mans", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz", "text": "Mercedes-Benz", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The championship was won by Ferrari.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari", "text": "Ferrari", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Championship summary", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1956 World Sports Car Championship was ultimately contested over five races. While much of the controversy surrounding the tragedy at Le Mans had subsided by January 1956, those in the international racing community were still contending with the fallout. The organisers of the 24 Heures du Mans introduced regulations reducing the maximum engine capacity for prototype cars to 2.5 litres, which caused the race to lose championship status, but would return to the championship in 1957. Both the RAC Tourist Trophy and Carrera Panamericana were given championship status, but neither was run amid safety concerns. The RAC Tourist Trophy would never return to the Dundrod Circuit, and the Carrera Panamericana, the 1955 edition also cancelled, in spite of many attempts would never return. Returning to the championship was the 1000 km Nürburgring after being cancelled in 1955. Since championship regulations required at least five qualifying events actually be held, since Le Mans no longer qualified, and the Tourist Trophy and Carrera Panamericana cancelled, the Sveriges Grand Prix was upgraded to championship status in recognition of a successful race in 1955.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans", "text": "24 Heures du Mans", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAC_Tourist_Trophy", "text": "RAC Tourist Trophy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrera_Panamericana", "text": "Carrera Panamericana", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dundrod_Circuit", "text": "Dundrod Circuit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1000_km_Nürburgring", "text": "1000 km Nürburgring", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_Swedish_Grand_Prix", "text": "Sveriges Grand Prix", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The championship remained as a contest for manufacturers, with the factory teams of Scuderia Ferrari, Maserati, Aston Martin and Jaguar leading the way. As in previous seasons, the majority of the fields were made up of amateur or gentlemen drivers, often racing against professional racing drivers with experience in Formula One.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scuderia_Ferrari", "text": "Scuderia Ferrari", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maserati", "text": "Maserati", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aston_Martin", "text": "Aston Martin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaguar_Cars", "text": "Jaguar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_One", "text": "Formula One", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "For Ferrari's assault on the 1956 championship, they settled on using virtually identical four- and twelve-cylinder-engined machines. Both cars shared exactly the same chassis and similarly styling. Carrozzeria Scaglietti built the aluminum bodies for both. The more successful of the two was the V12-engined 290 MM, which was driven to a debut victory in the Mille Miglia by Eugenio Castellotti. In the season finale, Phil Hill and Maurice Trintignant added a second win to the 290 MM's tally in only its third major race. The sister 860 Monza had an equally impressive first outing, with a one-two victory in the Florida International Grand Prix of Endurance. During the remainder of the season, the big fours supported Ferrari's chase for the championship with valuable podium finishes. With three very convincing wins in the five rounds, Ferrari were crowned World Champions at the end of the season. For the third time in four seasons, the title had gone to Maranello.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrozzeria_Scaglietti", "text": "Carrozzeria Scaglietti", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari_290_MM", "text": "290 MM", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Mille_Miglia", "text": "Mille Miglia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenio_Castellotti", "text": "Eugenio Castellotti", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil_Hill", "text": "Phil Hill", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Trintignant", "text": "Maurice Trintignant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari_Monza", "text": "860 Monza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_12_Hours_of_Sebring", "text": "Florida International Grand Prix of Endurance", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maranello", "text": "Maranello", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Ferrari's chief rivals, Maserati hired Stirling Moss for the season, and prepared a works team for all the rounds of the championship. At the opening round, the 1000 km Buenos Aires, the factory efforts paid off, when all the large 4.0-litre Ferraris suffered mechanical problems, and Moss and local hero, Carlos Menditéguy took overall victory, in a 300S. For the next rounds at Sebring and the Mille Miglia, Maserati prepared the 350S. The cars were on pace but succumbed to the competition. The Internationales ADAC 1000 Kilometer Rennen auf dem Nürburgring changed this when Moss and Jean Behra took over a second car and drove it to victory. The championship ended at the Sveriges Grand Prix and Maserati had high hopes to gain enough points to win over Ferrari. Despite bringing five cars, all the Maseratis retired, leaving Ferrari to take all the top five places and the championship.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling_Moss", "text": "Stirling Moss", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_1000_km_Buenos_Aires", "text": "1000 km Buenos Aires", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Menditéguy", "text": "Carlos Menditéguy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maserati_300S", "text": "300S", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maserati_350S", "text": "350S", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_1000km_of_Nürburgring", "text": "Internationales ADAC 1000 Kilometer Rennen auf dem Nürburgring", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Behra", "text": "Jean Behra", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_Swedish_Grand_Prix", "text": "Sveriges Grand Prix", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Points system", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Championship points were awarded for the first six places in each race in the order of 8-6-4-3-2-1. The best result per marque at each race counted. Only the best 3 results out of the 5 races could be retained.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Championship standings", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note:", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Points earned for race results but not counted towards the championship totals are shown within brackets in the above table.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "As the fourth and fifth placed cars at the Sveriges Grand Prix were ineligible for points, the sixth placed Jaguar was awarded points as if it had finished fourth.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "The cars", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The following models contributed to the net championship point scores of their respective makes.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ferrari 860 Monza & Ferrari 290 MM", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari_Monza", "text": "Ferrari 860 Monza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari_290_MM", "text": "Ferrari 290 MM", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Maserati 300S", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maserati_300S", "text": "Maserati 300S", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Jaguar D-Type", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaguar_D-Type", "text": "Jaguar D-Type", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Aston Martin DB3S", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aston_Martin_DB3S", "text": "Aston Martin DB3S", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Porsche 550 Spyder & Porsche 550 RS", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porsche_550", "text": "Porsche 550 Spyder", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porsche_550", "text": "Porsche 550 RS", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Mercedes-Benz 300 SL", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_300_SL", "text": "Mercedes-Benz 300 SL", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2023-10-25T05:50:07"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1922–23 season was Galatasaray SK's 19th in existence and the club's 13th consecutive season in the Istanbul Football League.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galatasaray_S.K._(football_team)", "text": "Galatasaray SK's", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul_Football_League", "text": "13th consecutive season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1922–23_Istanbul_Football_League", "text": "Istanbul Football League", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Competitions", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Istanbul Football League", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": "Standings" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Kick-off listed in local time (EEST)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time", "text": "EEST", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": "Matches" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Friendly matches", "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2024-02-18T03:14:28"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1973 Chester-le-Street by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Chester-le-Street on 1 March 1973.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/By-election", "text": "by-election", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_House_of_Commons", "text": "British House of Commons", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chester-le-Street_(UK_Parliament_constituency)", "text": "Chester-le-Street", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Vacancy", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The by-election had been caused by the death aged 60 years on 28 October 1972 of the sitting Labour Member of Parliament (MP) Norman Pentland. Pentland had held Chester-le-Street since himself winning a by-election there on 27 September 1956.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)", "text": "Labour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)", "text": "Member of Parliament", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Pentland", "text": "Norman Pentland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_Chester-le-Street_by-election", "text": "by-election", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Candidates", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The Labour Party chose Giles Radice, the then Head of the Research Department of the General and Municipal Workers Union as their candidate. The Conservatives selected merchant banker Neil Balfour and the Liberals adopted George Suggett, an antique dealer from Newbury in Berkshire but who had been born in the constituency and who was the son of a Durham miner. The Liberals had not contested any Parliamentary election in Chester-le-Street since the 1929 general election. Suggett himself had previously stood for the Newbury seat in 1945 as a member of the Common Wealth Party.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giles_Radice,_Baron_Radice", "text": "Giles Radice", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMB_(trade_union)", "text": "General and Municipal Workers Union", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)", "text": "Conservatives", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchant_banker", "text": "merchant banker", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Balfour", "text": "Neil Balfour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)", "text": "Liberals", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newbury,_Berkshire", "text": "Newbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkshire", "text": "Berkshire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durham,_England", "text": "Durham", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1929_United_Kingdom_general_election", "text": "1929 general election", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)#Elections_in_the_1940s", "text": "Newbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election", "text": "1945", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Wealth_Party", "text": "Common Wealth Party", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Previous general election", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The contest in Chester-le-Street at the 1970 general election had been a straight fight between Labour and Conservative parties at which Norman Pentland had a healthy majority of 20,331 votes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election", "text": "1970 general election", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Political background to the by-election", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "By any measure Chester-le-Street was a very safe Labour seat and the party had held it for nearly 70 years. At a time of Conservative government which was proving difficult for Prime Minister Edward Heath, damaged politically as he was by a series of economic and social problems there was no expectation of a serious challenge for Tory candidate Neil Balfour.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Government_1970-1974", "text": "Conservative government", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister", "text": "Prime Minister", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Heath", "text": "Edward Heath", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tory", "text": "Tory", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The by-election came at a better time for the Liberal Party. The Liberals had won two by-elections at the end of 1972; the first at Rochdale had been won from Labour by Cyril Smith, the second at Sutton and Cheam had been captured from the Conservatives. Cook & Ramsden characterise 1972-73 as a time of Liberal surge. Further by-election success would follow for the Liberals during the 1970-1974 Parliament. Further difficulties would also follow for Labour with the by-election at Lincoln which was held on the same day as Chester-le-Street. This resulted in the return to Parliament of Dick Taverne standing for election as Democratic Labour candidate, having fallen out with his local Constituency Labour Party. The problems Labour experienced in Lincoln, particularly in relation to the pro-European views of people like Taverne and Roy Jenkins, have been cited as an early example of the kind of problems which led ultimately to the split in the Labour Party in 1981 and the formation of the Social Democratic Party. In July 1974 similar trouble emerged for Labour with the defection to the Liberals of Christopher Mayhew, Labour MP for Woolwich East.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972_Rochdale_by-election", "text": "Rochdale", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyril_Smith", "text": "Cyril Smith", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972_Sutton_and_Cheam_by-election", "text": "Sutton and Cheam", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_Lincoln_by-election", "text": "Lincoln", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Taverne", "text": "Dick Taverne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Labour_Party_(UK,_1972)", "text": "Democratic Labour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituency_Labour_Party", "text": "Constituency Labour Party", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Jenkins", "text": "Roy Jenkins", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(UK)", "text": "Social Democratic Party", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woolwich_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)", "text": "Woolwich East", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "By-election issues", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Labour fought on the poor record of the Conservative government. The Tories highlighted improvements in pensions and government investment in regional development in the North East of England. The Liberals were starting from scratch in their campaign and attacked Labour for its complacency in an area which it was alleged they took their support for granted and the Conservatives on their performance on questions such as poverty and unemployment.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_East_England", "text": "North East of England", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Nomination of Giles Radice", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "An issue which surfaced during the campaign and which caused a great deal of bitterness was the question of how Labour candidate Giles Radice had been selected. The New Statesman magazine published an article on 23 February 1973, written by journalist Richard West, alleging that officials of the General and Municipal Workers Union had systematically gained control of the Chester-le-Street Constituency Labour Party and had in effect gerrymandered their representation in the division to obtain more votes than affiliated branches of other trade unions. In his article West claimed that the union's tactics had proved unpopular and divisive inside the local Labour party with 'loyal party workers' and some groups, such as the women's section, being particularly disgruntled.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Statesman", "text": "New Statesman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituency_Labour_Party", "text": "Constituency Labour Party", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerrymandered", "text": "gerrymandered", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Liberal 'smears'", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In the aftermath of this controversy, Labour turned its attack on the campaign of the Liberal candidate, accusing George Suggett of trying to smear Giles Radice personally and of trying to capitalise unfairly on the nomination issue. At the declaration of the votes, Radice announced that whereas the Conservatives had conducted a clean and honest campaign, he was not going to comment on the approach of his other opponent. As Suggett tried to make his speech after the declaration he was constantly heckled and jeered by the Labour supporters, who were later silent for the speech of Neil Balfour. Suggett denied he had smeared Radice and invited the press to review his election literature and campaign speeches for any evidence of misconduct. He said the real reason was so angry was that the Liberals had \"broken the weighbridge on which the Labour majority in Chester-le-Street used to be weighed\". Cyril Smith, who had campaigned for Suggett in the by-election, recalled later that he deliberately, if obliquely, had raised the issue of political corruption by mentioning in a speech at the opening of the campaign the T. Dan Smith affair and how it was uncovering new instances of corruption amongst Labour councillors in the North East, including one from Chester-le-Street who later went to prison. As far as the Liberal Party was concerned, commented Smith, this was legitimate political meat and needed no apology.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._Dan_Smith", "text": "T. Dan Smith", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "The result", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Radice held the seat for Labour with a majority of 7,066 over Suggett, having taken 53% of the poll. Balfour came third, losing his deposit. Radice went on to represent Chester-le-Street in the Labour interest until the seat was abolished in 1983. He was then selected as Labour candidate for North Durham the successor seat which included large parts of the old Chester-le-Street constituency, until he stood down from Parliament at the 2001 general election. Neil Balfour fought Chester-le-Street again at the February 1974 general election again coming third behind the Liberals. Perhaps bruised by the attacks upon him, Suggett does not appear to have been a candidate at any further Parliamentary elections but played an active but more backroom role in Newbury.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deposit_(politics)", "text": "deposit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election", "text": "1983", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Durham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)", "text": "North Durham", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election", "text": "2001 general election", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election", "text": "February 1974 general election", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)", "text": "Newbury", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Lib Con Candidate Giles Radice George Booth Suggett Neil Balfour Party Labour Liberal Conservative Popular vote 25,874 18,808 4,092 Percentage 53.06% 38.57% 8.39% Swing 18.54% New 20.01%", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giles_Radice", "text": "Giles Radice", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Balfour", "text": "Neil Balfour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)", "text": "Labour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)", "text": "Liberal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)", "text": "Conservative", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Radice_%283x4_crop%29.jpg/120px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Radice_%283x4_crop%29.jpg", "width": 120, "height": 120, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null }, { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png", "width": 11, "height": 11, "alternative_text": "Decrease", "caption": null }, { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png", "width": 11, "height": 11, "alternative_text": "Decrease", "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Lib Con", "links": null, "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Radice_%283x4_crop%29.jpg/120px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Radice_%283x4_crop%29.jpg", "width": 120, "height": 120, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Candidate Giles Radice George Booth Suggett Neil Balfour", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giles_Radice", "text": "Giles Radice", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Balfour", "text": "Neil Balfour", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Party Labour Liberal Conservative", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)", "text": "Labour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)", "text": "Liberal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)", "text": "Conservative", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Popular vote 25,874 18,808 4,092", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Percentage 53.06% 38.57% 8.39%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Swing 18.54% New 20.01%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png", "width": 11, "height": 11, "alternative_text": "Decrease", "caption": null }, { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png", "width": 11, "height": 11, "alternative_text": "Decrease", "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "MP before election Norman Pentland Labour Subsequent MP Giles Radice Labour", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Pentland", "text": "Norman Pentland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)", "text": "Labour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giles_Radice", "text": "Giles Radice", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)", "text": "Labour", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "MP before election Norman Pentland Labour", "value": "Subsequent MP Giles Radice Labour", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Pentland", "text": "Norman Pentland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)", "text": "Labour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giles_Radice", "text": "Giles Radice", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)", "text": "Labour", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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"2023-06-22T20:21:14"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1913 Tour de France was the 11th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris on 29 June and Stage 8 occurred on 13 July with a flat stage to Aix-en-Provence. The race finished in Paris on 27 July.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1913_Tour_de_France", "text": "1913 Tour de France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Tours", "text": "Grand Tours", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris", "text": "Paris", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aix-en-Provence", "text": "Aix-en-Provence", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris", "text": "Paris", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stage 1", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "29 June 1913 — Paris to Le Havre, 388 km (241.1 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris", "text": "Paris", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Havre", "text": "Le Havre", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stage 2", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "2 July 1913 — Le Havre to Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, 364 km (226.2 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Havre", "text": "Le Havre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherbourg-en-Cotentin", "text": "Cherbourg-en-Cotentin", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stage 3", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "4 July 1913 — Cherbourg-en-Cotentin to Brest, 405 km (252 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherbourg-en-Cotentin", "text": "Cherbourg-en-Cotentin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brest,_France", "text": "Brest", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stage 4", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "6 July 1913 — Brest to La Rochelle, 470 km (290 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brest,_France", "text": "Brest", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Rochelle", "text": "La Rochelle", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stage 5", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "8 July 1913 — La Rochelle to Bayonne, 379 km (235 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Rochelle", "text": "La Rochelle", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayonne", "text": "Bayonne", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stage 6", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "10 July 1913 — Bayonne to Luchon, 326 km (203 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayonne", "text": "Bayonne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luchon", "text": "Luchon", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stage 7", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "12 July 1913 — Luchon to Perpignan, 324 km (201 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luchon", "text": "Luchon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpignan", "text": "Perpignan", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Stage 8", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "14 July 1913 — Perpignan to Aix-en-Provence, 325 km (201.9 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpignan", "text": "Perpignan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aix-en-Provence", "text": "Aix-en-Provence", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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"2023-12-03T16:13:39"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 Purdue Boilermakers football team was an American football team that represented Purdue University during the 1947 Big Nine Conference football season. In their first season under head coach Stu Holcomb, the Boilermakers compiled a 5–4 record, finished in tie for fourth place in the Big Ten Conference with a 3–3 record against conference opponents, and outscored opponents by a total of 205 to 130.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purdue_University", "text": "Purdue University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_Big_Nine_Conference_football_season", "text": "1947 Big Nine Conference football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stu_Holcomb", "text": "Stu Holcomb", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Ten_Conference", "text": "Big Ten Conference", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Notable players from the 1947 Purdue team included halfback Harry Szulborski and tackle Phil O'Reilly.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Szulborski", "text": "Harry Szulborski", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Purdue was ranked at No. 18 (out of 500 college football teams) in the final Litkenhous Ratings for 1947.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litkenhous_Ratings", "text": "Litkenhous Ratings", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Schedule", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Games summaries", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Ohio State", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Harry Szulborski 23 rushes, 172 yards", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Boston University", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Harry Szulborski 17 rushes, 166 yards", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Iowa", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Harry Szulborski 16 rushes, 134 yards", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Minnesota", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Norbert Adams 24 rushes, 138 yards", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Pittsburgh", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Harry Szulborski 15 rushes, 119 yards", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1953 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University during the 1953 college football season. In their fourth year under head coach Lloyd Jordan, the Crimson compiled a 6–2 record and outscored opponents 146 to 78. Richard J. Clasby was the team captain.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_University", "text": "Harvard University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_college_football_season", "text": "1953 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_Jordan", "text": "Lloyd Jordan", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Harvard played its home games at Harvard Stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_Stadium", "text": "Harvard Stadium", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allston", "text": "Allston", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston", "text": "Boston, Massachusetts", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1550s decade ran from January 1, 1550, to December 31, 1559.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Events", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1550", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 6 – Spanish Captain Hernando de Santana founds the city of Valledupar, in modern-day Colombia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6", "text": "January 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hernando_de_Santana", "text": "Hernando de Santana", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valledupar", "text": "Valledupar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombia", "text": "Colombia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 7 – After a 10-week conclave in Rome to elect a new Pope, Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, Bishop of Palestrina, is selected on the 61st ballot after Reginald Pole of England falls two votes short of winning. Ciocchi del Monte takes the name Pope Julius III and is crowned the next day, succeeding the late Pope Paul III.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_7", "text": "February 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1549–1550_papal_conclave", "text": "10-week conclave", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome", "text": "Rome", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Pole", "text": "Reginald Pole", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_III", "text": "Pope Paul III", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 25 – (10th day of 2nd month of Tenbun 19) In Oita, Ōita Prefecture, an attack within the Ōtomo clan of Japanese samurais takes place after clan leader Ōtomo Yoshikazu seeks to disinherit his oldest son and to make his third son, Ōtomo Shioichimaru, as his designated successor. Supporters of the oldest son, Ōtomo Yoshishige, invade Yoshikazu's home and kill Shioichimaru and four other family members.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_25", "text": "February 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ōita_(city)", "text": "Oita", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ōita_Prefecture", "text": "Ōita Prefecture", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ōtomo_clan", "text": "Ōtomo clan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ōtomo_Sōrin", "text": "Ōtomo Yoshishige", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 12 Arauco War: Battle of Penco – Several hundred Spanish and indigenous troops under the command of Pedro de Valdivia defeat an army of 60,000 Mapuche in modern-day Chile. Acapulco is founded by 30 families sent from Mexico City.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_12", "text": "March 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arauco_War", "text": "Arauco War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Penco", "text": "Battle of Penco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spanish", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia", "text": "Pedro de Valdivia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche", "text": "Mapuche", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile", "text": "Chile", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acapulco", "text": "Acapulco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_City", "text": "Mexico City", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Arauco War: Battle of Penco – Several hundred Spanish and indigenous troops under the command of Pedro de Valdivia defeat an army of 60,000 Mapuche in modern-day Chile.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arauco_War", "text": "Arauco War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Penco", "text": "Battle of Penco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spanish", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia", "text": "Pedro de Valdivia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche", "text": "Mapuche", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile", "text": "Chile", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Acapulco is founded by 30 families sent from Mexico City.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acapulco", "text": "Acapulco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_City", "text": "Mexico City", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 24 – \" Rough Wooing \": England and France sign the Treaty of Boulogne, by which England withdraws from Boulogne in France and returns territorial gains in Scotland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_24", "text": "March 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_Wooing", "text": "Rough Wooing", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boulogne-sur-Mer", "text": "Boulogne", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 29 – Sherborne School in England is refounded by King Edward VI.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_29", "text": "March 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherborne_School", "text": "Sherborne School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England", "text": "Edward VI", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 16 – The Valladolid debate on the rights and treatment of indigenous peoples of the Americas by their Spanish conquerors opens at the Colegio de San Gregorio in Valladolid, Castile.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_16", "text": "April 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valladolid_debate", "text": "Valladolid debate", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas", "text": "indigenous peoples of the Americas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colegio_de_San_Gregorio", "text": "Colegio de San Gregorio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valladolid", "text": "Valladolid", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 30 – King Tabinshwehti of Burma is assassinated by two of his bodyguards while he is on a hunting trip. The two swordsmen, sent by Smim Sawhtut, Governor of Sittaung, behead the King, and a civil war begins as major governors rebel against the new Burmese King Bayinnaung.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_30", "text": "April 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Burmese_monarchs#Toungoo_(1510–1752)", "text": "King", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabinshwehti", "text": "Tabinshwehti", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smim_Sawhtut", "text": "Smim Sawhtut", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaung", "text": "Bayinnaung", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 6 – Italian Protestant Michelangelo Florio, jailed since 1548 before being brought to trial for and sentenced to death for heresy, escapes from prison and is able flee to France.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_6", "text": "May 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelo_Florio", "text": "Michelangelo Florio", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 15 – The vestments controversy is resolved in the Church of England with a compromise on the style of clothing worn by Anglican priests. John Hopper is allowed ordination as the Bishop of Gloucester without being required to wear Anglican vestments, but must not forbid anyone in his bishoporic from wearing the vestments if they wish.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_15", "text": "May 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestments_controversy", "text": "vestments controversy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hooper_(bishop)", "text": "John Hopper", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 20 – The Spanish Catalan city of Cullera is plundered by the Ottoman Empire General Dragut Reis, and most of its inhabitants are sold into slavery in Algeria.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_20", "text": "May 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cullera", "text": "Cullera", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragut", "text": "Dragut Reis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria", "text": "Algeria", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 12 – The city of Helsinki (now in Finland but known as Helsingfors in Sweden at this time) is founded by King Gustav I of Sweden.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_12", "text": "June 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helsinki", "text": "Helsinki", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland", "text": "Finland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden", "text": "Sweden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_I_of_Sweden", "text": "Gustav I of Sweden", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 28 – Capture of Mahdia (1550): The Spanish Armada arrives in North Africa to begin the process of capturing the fortress of Mahdia (now in Tunisia) from control of the Ottoman Empire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_28", "text": "June 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_of_Mahdia_(1550)", "text": "Capture of Mahdia (1550)", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Africa", "text": "North Africa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahdia", "text": "Mahdia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisia", "text": "Tunisia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottoman Empire", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 21 – The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) is approved by Pope Julius III.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_21", "text": "July 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_Jesus", "text": "Society of Jesus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 25 – Capture of Mahdia (1550): Troops commanded by Ottoman General Turgut Reis make a counterattack on the Spanish invaders, led by General Andrea Doria. Both sides sustain heavy losses, and the Spanish succeed in forcing the Ottomans to retreat back inside Mahdia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25", "text": "July 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_of_Mahdia_(1550)", "text": "Capture of Mahdia (1550)", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 5 – The University of Santa Catalina is authorized in Spain by a canonical bull from Pope Julius III.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_5", "text": "August 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Santa_Catalina", "text": "University of Santa Catalina", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain", "text": "Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 2 (5th waning of Tawthalin 912 ME) – King Bayinnaung of Burma begins a four-month siege of the former Burmese capital, Toungoo, occupied by the king's rebellious brother Minkhaung.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_2", "text": "September 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaung", "text": "Bayinnaung", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma", "text": "Burma", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toungoo", "text": "Toungoo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minkhaung", "text": "Minkhaung", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 10 – Spanish troops, commanded by Genoa's General Andrea Doria, capture the Tunisian fortress of Mahdia from the Ottoman Empire after fighting that began on June 28.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_10", "text": "September 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Doria", "text": "Andrea Doria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capture_of_Mahdia_(1550)", "text": "capture the Tunisian fortress", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahdia", "text": "Mahdia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 2 – Battle of Sauðafell in Iceland: Daði Guðmundsson of Snóksdalur defeats the forces of Catholic Bishop Jón Arason, resulting in Iceland becoming fully Protestant. Arason is captured; he is executed, along with his two sons, on November 7.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_2", "text": "October 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sauðafell", "text": "Battle of Sauðafell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland", "text": "Iceland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daði_Guðmundsson", "text": "Daði Guðmundsson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jón_Arason", "text": "Jón Arason", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_Reformation", "text": "Iceland becoming fully Protestant", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 25 – Luis de Velasco becomes the second Viceroy of New Spain, which encompasses all Spanish territory in North America and Central America. Velasco succeeds Antonio de Mendoza, the first Viceroy, who has been ordered to become the Viceroy of Peru.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_25", "text": "November 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_de_Velasco,_2nd_Viceroy_of_New_Spain", "text": "Luis de Velasco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_New_Spain", "text": "Viceroy of New Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_de_Mendoza", "text": "Antonio de Mendoza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroy_of_Peru", "text": "Viceroy of Peru", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 29 – Bhuvanaikabahu VII, King of Kotte on most of the island of Sri Lanka, is assassinated by a gunman hired by the government of Portuguese India.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_29", "text": "December 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhuvanaikabahu_VII_of_Kotte", "text": "Bhuvanaikabahu VII", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kotte", "text": "Kotte", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka", "text": "Sri Lanka", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_India", "text": "Portuguese India", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Altan Khan crosses the Great Wall of China and besieges Beijing, burning the suburbs.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altan_Khan", "text": "Altan Khan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Wall_of_China", "text": "Great Wall of China", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing", "text": "Beijing", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The summit level canal between the Alster and the Trave in Germany ceases to be navigable.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summit_level_canal", "text": "summit level canal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alster", "text": "Alster", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trave", "text": "Trave", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The first grammatical description of the French language is published by Louis Maigret.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language", "text": "French language", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Maigret_(grammarian)", "text": "Louis Maigret", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The first book in Slovene, Catechismus, written by Protestant reformer Primož Trubar, is printed in Schwäbisch Hall, Holy Roman Empire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene_language", "text": "Slovene", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechismus", "text": "Catechismus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant", "text": "Protestant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primož_Trubar", "text": "Primož Trubar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwäbisch_Hall", "text": "Schwäbisch Hall", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire", "text": "Holy Roman Empire", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Nostradamus ' first almanac is written.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostradamus", "text": "Nostradamus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanac", "text": "almanac", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Approximate date – The discovery of silver at Guanajuato in Mexico stimulates silver rushes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver", "text": "silver", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanajuato", "text": "Guanajuato", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico", "text": "Mexico", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1551", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 4 – Luca Spinola is elected to a two-year term as the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa, succeeding Gaspare Grimaldi Bracelli.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_4", "text": "January 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luca_Spinola_(1489–1579)", "text": "Luca Spinola", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doge_of_Genoa", "text": "Doge", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa", "text": "Republic of Genoa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspare_Grimaldi_Bracelli", "text": "Gaspare Grimaldi Bracelli", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 11 (5th waxing of Tabodwe 912 ME) – King Bayinnaung of Burma is successful in capturing his ancestral city of Toungoo from his rebellious half-brother Minkhaung II, and sets about to make Toungoo the capital for the first time since 1539. Minkhaung is forgiven by King Bayinnaung rather than being executed, and assists in the King's campaign to capture the neighboring Kingdom of Prome.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_11", "text": "January 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaung", "text": "Bayinnaung", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toungoo", "text": "Toungoo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minkhaung_II_of_Toungoo", "text": "Minkhaung II", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyay", "text": "Kingdom of Prome", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January – Macarius, Metropolitan of Moscow, and Tsar Ivan IV of Russia preside over the reforming Stoglavy Synod (\"Hundred-Chapter\") church council. A calendar of the saints and an ecclesiastical law code (Stoglav) are introduced.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January", "text": "January", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macarius,_Metropolitan_of_Moscow", "text": "Macarius, Metropolitan of Moscow", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_IV_of_Russia", "text": "Ivan IV of Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoglavy_Synod", "text": "Stoglavy Synod", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoglav", "text": "Stoglav", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 14 – Alice Arden and her lover, Richard Mosbey, carry out the murder-for-hire of her husband, Thomas Arden of Faversham with the assistance of a highwayman known as \"Black Will\", two of Arden’s domestic servants (Michael Saunderson and Elizabeth Stafford) and Mosbye's sister (Cicely Pounder). The body is carried outside, and Thomas is reported as missing, but a discovery is made that the murder was committed inside the house. The conspirators are later executed.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_14", "text": "February 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Arden", "text": "Alice Arden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Arden", "text": "Thomas Arden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highwayman", "text": "highwayman", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 23 – At the Kremlin in Moscow, Tsar Ivan IV and the Metropolitan Macarius, present the proposed code of laws, drafted by the Stoglavy Synod, to the clergy, nobility and principal Russian citizens for their approval.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_23", "text": "February 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kremlin", "text": "Kremlin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow", "text": "Moscow", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_IV_of_Russia", "text": "Tsar Ivan IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macarius,_Metropolitan_of_Moscow", "text": "the Metropolitan Macarius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoglavy_Synod", "text": "Stoglavy Synod", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 27 – French mechanical engineer Aubin Olivier becomes the director of the new Royal Mint, the Moulin des Etuves on the Île de la Cité in Paris after having learned the technique of producing uniform milled coinage during a sabbatical in Germany.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_27", "text": "March 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aubin_Olivier", "text": "Aubin Olivier", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Île_de_la_Cité", "text": "Île de la Cité", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milled_coinage", "text": "milled coinage", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 4 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, issues an edict to reduce tensions among the three major ethnic groups in the Kingdom of Hungary, with an administration to have equal representation of for ethnic Hungarians, Slovaks and Germans.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_4", "text": "April 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 1 – The Council of Trent reconvenes by order of Pope Julius III after having been adjourned on September 17, 1549.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1", "text": "May 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trent", "text": "Council of Trent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1549", "text": "1549", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 12 – The National University of San Marcos is founded in Lima in the Viceroyalty of Peru, being the first officially established university in the Americas.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_12", "text": "May 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_University_of_San_Marcos", "text": "National University of San Marcos", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lima", "text": "Lima", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru", "text": "Viceroyalty of Peru", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americas", "text": "Americas", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 27 – Italian War of 1551–1559: A defensive alliance, placing the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza under the protection of France, is signed between representatives of King Henry II of France and Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma signed placing Parma under French protection.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_27", "text": "May 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551–1559", "text": "Italian War of 1551–1559", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Parma_and_Piacenza", "text": "Duchy of Parma and Piacenza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France", "text": "France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "Henry II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottavio_Farnese,_Duke_of_Parma", "text": "Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 30 – Ilie II Rareș, Ruler of Moldavia since 1556, is forced by the Ottoman Empire to abdicate the throne.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_30", "text": "May 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilie_II_Rareș", "text": "Ilie II Rareș", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 11 – With the approval of the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, Prince Ilie's brother Ștefan VI Rareș becomes the new Prince of Moldavia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_11", "text": "June 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent", "text": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ștefan_VI_Rareș", "text": "Ștefan VI Rareș", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Moldavia", "text": "Prince of Moldavia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 27 – The Edict of Châteaubriant is promulgated in France by King Henri II, providing for an increasingly severe series of measures in the Roman Catholic Kingdom to be taken against Protestants, considered to be heretics.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_27", "text": "June 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edict_of_Châteaubriant", "text": "Edict of Châteaubriant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy", "text": "heretics", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 7 – The fifth, and final outbreak of sweating sickness in England reaches London, as documented by Henry Machyn in his diary, and continues until July 19. Machyn notes that \"ther ded from the vii day of July unto the xix ded of the swett in London of all dyssesus viij/c, iij/xx and xij and no more in alle, and so the chanseller is sertefiyd.\" (\"There died from the 7th day of July unto the 19th dead of the sweat in London of all diseases 8 hundred, 3 score and 12, and no more in all, and so the Chancellor is certified.\") John Caius of Shrewsbury writes the first full contemporary account of the symptoms of the disease.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_7", "text": "July 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweating_sickness", "text": "sweating sickness", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London", "text": "London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Machyn", "text": "Henry Machyn", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Caius", "text": "John Caius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrewsbury", "text": "Shrewsbury", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 12 – The regency over the Kingdom of Spain by Archduchess Maria and her husband, Archduke Maximilian of Austria, ends after almost three years when Maria's brother Crown Prince Philip returns to Madrid. Philip resumes his role as regent for King Charles I, the father of both Maria and Philip; Maria and Maximilian had served during the absence of both the King and the Crown Prince starting on October 1, 1548.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_12", "text": "July 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Spanish_regents", "text": "regency over the Kingdom of Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_of_Austria,_Holy_Roman_Empress", "text": "Archduchess Maria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilian_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Archduke Maximilian of Austria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain", "text": "Crown Prince Philip", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid", "text": "Madrid", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "King Charles I", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 18 – Invasion of Gozo: Ottoman Turks and Barbary pirates invade the Mediterranean island of Gozo (now part of Malta), and enslave almost all of its 6,000 inhabitants.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_18", "text": "July 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Gozo_(1551)", "text": "Invasion of Gozo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Turks", "text": "Ottoman Turks", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbary_pirates", "text": "Barbary pirates", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gozo", "text": "Gozo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta", "text": "Malta", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 19 – The Treaty of Weissenburg goes into effect as John Sigismund Zápolya, King of Hungary since 1540, abdicates in favor of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria. In addition, the independent Kingdom of Transylvania, ruled by Isabella Jagiellon, is ceded to the Kingdom of Hungary as part of peace with Ferdinand.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_19", "text": "July 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Weissenburg", "text": "Treaty of Weissenburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sigismund_Zápolya", "text": "John Sigismund Zápolya", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_monarchs", "text": "King of Hungary", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Archduke Ferdinand of Austria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transylvania", "text": "Transylvania", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_Jagiellon", "text": "Isabella Jagiellon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary", "text": "Kingdom of Hungary", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 30 – With the surrender of the island of Gozo, the Ottoman place 6,000 survivors on ships and transporting them to Tarhuna Wa Msalata (in modern-day Libya), where they are sold into slavery. The only natives left on the island are 300 persons who escaped the citadel and 41 elderly residents.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_30", "text": "July 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarhuna_Wa_Msalata", "text": "Tarhuna Wa Msalata", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libya", "text": "Libya", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 15 – The Siege of Tripoli ends, with the Knights of Malta surrendering Tripoli to the Ottoman Empire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_15", "text": "August 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Tripoli_(1551)", "text": "Siege of Tripoli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta", "text": "Knights of Malta", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripoli,_Libya", "text": "Tripoli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottoman Empire", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 30 (1st waxing of Thadingyut 913 ME) – King Bayinnaung of Burma conquers the rebellious Kingdom of Prome (with a capital at Pyay) and kills the rebel Thado Thu, a former servant who had proclaimed himself as King Thado Dhamma Yaza after the 1550 assassination of King Tabinshwehti.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_30", "text": "August 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thadingyut", "text": "Thadingyut", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_calendar", "text": "913 ME", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Prome", "text": "Kingdom of Prome", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyay", "text": "Pyay", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thado_Dhamma_Yaza_I_of_Prome", "text": "King Thado Dhamma Yaza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabinshwehti", "text": "Tabinshwehti", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 21 – The Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico is founded in Mexico City (Mexico), being the second officially established university in the Americas.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21", "text": "September 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_and_Pontifical_University_of_Mexico", "text": "Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_City", "text": "Mexico City", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico", "text": "Mexico", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americas", "text": "Americas", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 30 – (1st day of 9th month of Tenbun 21) Tainei-ji incident: A coup in Yamaguchi, by the military establishment of the Ōuchi clan, forces their lord Ōuchi Yoshitaka to commit suicide, and the city is burned.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_30", "text": "September 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenbun", "text": "Tenbun", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tainei-ji_incident", "text": "Tainei-ji incident", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaguchi,_Yamaguchi", "text": "Yamaguchi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ōuchi_clan", "text": "Ōuchi clan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ōuchi_Yoshitaka", "text": "Ōuchi Yoshitaka", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 11 – John Dudley, Earl of Warwick, de facto Lord Protector of the Kingdom of England, is created Duke of Northumberland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_11", "text": "October 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dudley,_1st_Duke_of_Northumberland", "text": "John Dudley, Earl of Warwick", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Protector", "text": "Lord Protector", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "Kingdom of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_Northumberland", "text": "Duke of Northumberland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 20 – The Office of Cardinal Secretary of State, the second highest position in the Roman Catholic Church after the Pope, is created to temporarily fill the vacancy between the death of one Pontiff and the election of another. Cardinal Girolamo Dandini is appointed by Pope Julius III to serve as the first Secretary of State.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_20", "text": "November 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State", "text": "Cardinal Secretary of State", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girolamo_Dandini_(cardinal)", "text": "Girolamo Dandini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 16 – George Martinuzzi, the Hungarian Archbishop of Esztergom and the Governor of Transylvania, is assassinated by Marco Aurelio Ferrari on orders of Ferdinand, King of Hungary. Martinuzzi had been suspected of treason after attempting to negotiate a separate peace treaty with the Ottoman Empire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_16", "text": "December 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Martinuzzi", "text": "George Martinuzzi", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Qizilbash forces under the command of Tahmasp I raid and destroy the cave monastery of Vardzia in Georgia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahmasp_I", "text": "Tahmasp I", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vardzia", "text": "Vardzia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(country)", "text": "Georgia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "In Henan province, China, during the Ming dynasty, a severe frost in the spring destroys the winter wheat crop. Torrential rains in mid summer cause massive flooding of farmland and villages (by some accounts submerged in a metre of water). In the fall, a large tornado demolishes houses and flattens much of the buckwheat in the fields. Famine victims either flee, starve, or resort to cannibalism. This follows a series of natural disasters in Henan in the years 1528, 1531, 1539, and 1545.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan", "text": "Henan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China", "text": "China", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty", "text": "Ming dynasty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornado", "text": "tornado", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_cannibalism", "text": "cannibalism", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1528", "text": "1528", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1531", "text": "1531", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1539", "text": "1539", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1545", "text": "1545", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "In Slovakia, Guta (modern-day Kolárovo) receives town status.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovakia", "text": "Slovakia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolárovo", "text": "Kolárovo", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Portugal founds a sugar colony at Bahia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Empire", "text": "Portugal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony", "text": "colony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahia", "text": "Bahia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Juan de Betanzos begins to write his Narrative of the Incas.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_de_Betanzos", "text": "Juan de Betanzos", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incas", "text": "Incas", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The new edition of the Genevan psalter, Pseaumes octantetrois de David, is published, with Louis Bourgeois as supervising composer, including the first publication of the hymn tune known as the Old 100th.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genevan_psalter", "text": "Genevan psalter", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Bourgeois_(composer)", "text": "Louis Bourgeois", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymn_tune", "text": "hymn tune", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_100th", "text": "Old 100th", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1552", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 15 – Henry II of France and Maurice, Elector of Saxony, sign the Treaty of Chambord.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_15", "text": "January 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "Henry II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice,_Elector_of_Saxony", "text": "Maurice, Elector of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Chambord", "text": "Treaty of Chambord", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 12 – Pedro de Valdivia founds the Chilean city of Valdivia, as Santa María la Blanca de Valdivia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_12", "text": "February 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia", "text": "Pedro de Valdivia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile", "text": "Chilean", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdivia_(city)", "text": "Valdivia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 24 – The privileges of the Hanseatic League are abolished in England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_24", "text": "February 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanseatic_League", "text": "Hanseatic League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "England", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 26 – Guru Amar Das becomes the Third Sikh Guru.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_26", "text": "March 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Amar_Das", "text": "Guru Amar Das", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh", "text": "Sikh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru", "text": "Guru", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 8 – Maurice, Elector of Saxony, liberates Augsburg and sets about to capture Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_8", "text": "April 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice,_Elector_of_Saxony", "text": "Maurice, Elector of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augsburg", "text": "Augsburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 11 – Metz Cathedral is consecrated.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_11", "text": "April 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metz_Cathedral", "text": "Metz Cathedral", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 15 – The Act of Uniformity is given royal assent and imposes use of the Protestant Book of Common Prayer on England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_15", "text": "April 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_1552", "text": "Act of Uniformity", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_assent", "text": "royal assent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant", "text": "Protestant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer", "text": "Book of Common Prayer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "England", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 16 – Pedro de Valdivia founds the city of La Imperial, Chile.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_16", "text": "April 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia", "text": "Pedro de Valdivia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Imperial,_Chile", "text": "La Imperial, Chile", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 18 – King Henry II of France enters the city of Metz, ceded to France by Saxony by the January 15 Treaty of Chambord.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_18", "text": "April 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "Henry II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metz", "text": "Metz", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Chambord", "text": "Treaty of Chambord", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 28 – The delegates to the Council of Trent adjourn for two years after learning that the Holy Roman Emperor is fleeing from Maurice of Saxony.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_28", "text": "April 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trent", "text": "Council of Trent", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 20 – Learning of the rapid approach of the Elector Maurice, the Emperor Charles V flees from Innsbruck ahead of being captured.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_20", "text": "May 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innsbruck", "text": "Innsbruck", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 6 (14th waxing of Waso 914 ME) – Minye Sithu is appointed as the Burmese Viceroy of Martaban by his older brother, Bayinnaung, King of Burma.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_6", "text": "June 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burmese_calendar", "text": "ME", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minye_Sithu_of_Martaban", "text": "Minye Sithu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Martaban", "text": "Viceroy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martaban", "text": "Martaban", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaung", "text": "Bayinnaung", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 16 – Yuri of Uglich, the only brother of the Russian Tsar Ivan the Terrible, is placed in charge of Russia's domestic affairs as Ivan departs Moscow to lead 150,000 troops in the Russo-Kazan War.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_16", "text": "June 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri_of_Uglich", "text": "Yuri of Uglich", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible", "text": "Ivan the Terrible", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow", "text": "Moscow", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russo-Kazan_Wars#Wars_of_Ivan_II", "text": "Russo-Kazan War", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 22 – Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort, the Spanish Governor of Luxembourg, is taken prisoner by France and remains captive for almost five years.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_22", "text": "June 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Ernst_I_von_Mansfeld-Vorderort", "text": "Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Luxembourg", "text": "Spanish Governor of Luxembourg", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 24 – The Portuguese ship São João is wrecked off of the coast of South Africa. While 480 people survive initially, all but 25 of them die during the next 165 days while trying to reach the mouth of the Maputo River in what is now Mozambique.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_24", "text": "June 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal", "text": "Portuguese", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique", "text": "Mozambique", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 6 – In Hungary, Drégely Castle is attacked by the Ottoman Empire. Captain György Szondy and c. 140 soldiers in the castle die, after 4 days of fighting against 8,000 Turkish raiders.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6", "text": "July 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drégely_Castle", "text": "Drégely Castle", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottoman Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/György_Szondy", "text": "György Szondy", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 27 – The Ottomans capture the city of Temesvar.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_27", "text": "July 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottomans", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Temesvar_(1552)", "text": "capture", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temesvar", "text": "Temesvar", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 2 John Frederick, Elector of Saxony and Philipp I of Hesse, taken prisoner by Charles V in 1546, are released. The Peace of Passau revokes the Augsburg Interim of 1548, and promises religious freedom to the Protestant princes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_2", "text": "August 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Frederick,_Elector_of_Saxony", "text": "John Frederick, Elector of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_I_of_Hesse", "text": "Philipp I of Hesse", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1546", "text": "1546", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Passau", "text": "Peace of Passau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augsburg_Interim", "text": "Augsburg Interim", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1548", "text": "1548", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant", "text": "Protestant", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Frederick, Elector of Saxony and Philipp I of Hesse, taken prisoner by Charles V in 1546, are released.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Frederick,_Elector_of_Saxony", "text": "John Frederick, Elector of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_I_of_Hesse", "text": "Philipp I of Hesse", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1546", "text": "1546", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The Peace of Passau revokes the Augsburg Interim of 1548, and promises religious freedom to the Protestant princes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Passau", "text": "Peace of Passau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augsburg_Interim", "text": "Augsburg Interim", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1548", "text": "1548", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant", "text": "Protestant", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 9 – The Siege of Eger begins as thousands of Ottoman troops, led by General Kara Ahmed Pasha of the Ottoman Empire attack a greatly outnumbered force of Hungarian defenders, captained by István Dobó", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9", "text": "September 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Eger_(1552)", "text": "Siege of Eger", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_Ahmed_Pasha", "text": "Kara Ahmed Pasha", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottoman Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/István_Dobó", "text": "István Dobó", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 24 – The Debatable Lands on the border of England and Scotland are divided between the two kingdoms by a commission creating the Scots' Dike in an unsuccessful attempt to halt lawlessness here, but giving both countries their modern borders.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_24", "text": "September 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debatable_Lands", "text": "Debatable Lands", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England", "text": "England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland", "text": "Scotland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scots'_Dike", "text": "Scots' Dike", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 2 – The Khanate of Kazan falls to troops of Ivan IV of Russia", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_2", "text": "October 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khanate_of_Kazan", "text": "Khanate of Kazan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Kazan", "text": "falls to troops", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_IV_of_Russia", "text": "Ivan IV of Russia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 17 – After heavy losses by the Ottoman Empire, the Siege of Eger in Hungary is broken off by the Ottomans.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_17", "text": "October 17", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 15 – Radu Ilie Haidăul becomes the new Prince of Wallachia in what is now Romania after defeating Prince Mircea the Shepherd at the battle of Mănești. Prince Mircea retakes the throne seven months later.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_15", "text": "November 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radu_Ilie_Haidăul", "text": "Radu Ilie Haidăul", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_of_Wallachia", "text": "Prince of Wallachia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mănești,_Prahova", "text": "battle of Mănești", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 18 – Simeon Sulaka arrives in Rome from the Middle Eastern city of Mosul and brings a letter asking Pope Julius III to appoint him as the Patriarch of the Church of the East,leader of the Chaldean Catholic Church.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_18", "text": "November 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimun_VIII_Yohannan_Sulaqa", "text": "Simeon Sulaka", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome", "text": "Rome", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosul", "text": "Mosul", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_East", "text": "Church of the East", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 24 – Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury and top cleric of the Church of England, delivers the proposed Forty-two Articles to the Privy Council of King Edward VI.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_24", "text": "November 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer", "text": "Thomas Cranmer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury", "text": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_England", "text": "Church of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty-two_Articles", "text": "Forty-two Articles", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England", "text": "King Edward VI", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 26 – Pope Julius III issues a papal brief revoking resolutions passed by the colegii Papal State of Bologna in Italy.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_26", "text": "December 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bologna", "text": "Papal State of Bologna", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Miguel de Buría leads the first African rebellion in South America's history. This may be because Buría has more slaves than other regions in Venezuela, of which most join Miguel, and is still being contested between the Europeans and the natives, who also join his side. During this insurrection he takes over the Gold mines de San Felipe de Buría, established within the area with the consent of the Spanish Crown, to pull out the ore that was discovered in the Buria river, a task that heavily depends on slave work.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_de_Buría", "text": "Miguel de Buría", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela", "text": "Venezuela", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "In the Persian Gulf, the Ottoman Empire Red Sea Fleet attacks the Portuguese stronghold of Hormuz, but fails to capture it.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Gulf", "text": "Persian Gulf", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottoman Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugal", "text": "Portuguese", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormuz_Island", "text": "Hormuz", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "In Italy, Bartolomeo Eustachi completes his Tabulae anatomicae, presenting his discoveries on the structure of the inner ear and heart, although, for fear of the Inquisition, it will not be published until 1714.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy", "text": "Italy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartolomeo_Eustachi", "text": "Bartolomeo Eustachi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_ear", "text": "inner ear", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart", "text": "heart", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inquisition", "text": "Inquisition", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1714", "text": "1714", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "King Edward VI of England founds 35 grammar schools by royal charter, including Shrewsbury; Leeds Grammar School is also established.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England", "text": "Edward VI of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom", "text": "grammar schools", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrewsbury_School", "text": "Shrewsbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeds_Grammar_School", "text": "Leeds Grammar School", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1553", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 2 – The siege of Metz in France, started by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor during the Italian War of 1551–59 on October 19 last is lifted after 75 days. During the city's defense by the Duke of Guise and 6,000 soldiers, Charles V had lost two-thirds of his original force of at least 20,000 men.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_2", "text": "January 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Metz_(1552)", "text": "siege of Metz", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551–59", "text": "Italian War of 1551–59", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis,_Duke_of_Guise", "text": "Duke of Guise", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 17 – In India, Timmaraja Wodeyar II becomes the sixth maharaja of the Kingdom of Mysore (a vassal state of the Vijayanagara Empire), after the death of his father, the Maharaja Chamaraja Wodeyar III.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_17", "text": "February 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India", "text": "India", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timmaraja_Wodeyar_II", "text": "Timmaraja Wodeyar II", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharaja", "text": "maharaja", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore", "text": "Kingdom of Mysore", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire", "text": "Vijayanagara Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamaraja_Wodeyar_III", "text": "Chamaraja Wodeyar III", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 21 – Lieutenant General Luis Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio temporarily serves as the Spanish Viceroy of Naples (in modern-day Italy) upon the death of his father, Pedro Álvarez de Toledo. Luis steps down after Pedro Pacheco de Villena is appointed as the new Viceroy in June.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_21", "text": "February 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Naples", "text": "Spanish Viceroy of Naples", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Álvarez_de_Toledo", "text": "Pedro Álvarez de Toledo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Pacheco_de_Villena", "text": "Pedro Pacheco de Villena", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 1 – The second (and last) session of the Parliament of England during the reign of King Edward VI is opened by the King at Westminster and lasts until March 31. Sir James Dyer serves during the session as Speaker of the House of Commons.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1", "text": "March 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Dyer", "text": "James Dyer", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 28 – Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa, leader of the Chaldean Catholic Church in modern-day Iraq, is recognized by Pope Julius III as the Patriarch of Mosul.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_28", "text": "April 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimun_VIII_Yohannan_Sulaqa", "text": "Shimun VIII Yohannan Sulaqa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaldean_Catholic_Church", "text": "Chaldean Catholic Church", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq", "text": "Iraq", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosul", "text": "Mosul", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 12 – St Albans, in England, receives its first royal charter as a borough.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_12", "text": "May 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Albans", "text": "St Albans", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_charter", "text": "royal charter", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 25 – Lady Jane Grey, a 16-year-old first cousin of King Edward VI of England, marries Lord Guildford Dudley, son of the Duke of Northumberland, who has engineered the marriage.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_25", "text": "May 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Grey", "text": "Jane Grey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Guildford_Dudley", "text": "Lord Guildford Dudley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dudley,_1st_Duke_of_Northumberland", "text": "Duke of Northumberland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 3 – The first of the five Battles of Kawanakajima, the \"Battle of the Fuse,\" commences in Japan between Takeda Shingen of Kai Province and Uesugi Kenshin of Echigo Province. The clash, fought 12 days after Shingen has taken Katsurao Castle, takes place at a shrine of Hachiman (near modern-day Yashiro, Hyōgo prefecture), is part of a major series of conflicts during the Japanese Sengoku period.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_3", "text": "June 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battles_of_Kawanakajima", "text": "Battles of Kawanakajima", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takeda_Shingen", "text": "Takeda Shingen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kai_Province", "text": "Kai Province", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uesugi_Kenshin", "text": "Uesugi Kenshin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echigo_Province", "text": "Echigo Province", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katsurao_Castle", "text": "Katsurao Castle", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hachiman", "text": "Hachiman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yashiro,_Hyōgo", "text": "Yashiro", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyōgo_prefecture", "text": "Hyōgo prefecture", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sengoku_period", "text": "Sengoku period", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 15 – On his deathbed, King Edward summons prominent English judges and signs his devise of the throne to Lady Jane Grey.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_15", "text": "June 15", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 21 – Under threats from the Duke of Northumberland, the devise by King Edward to make Jane Grey the heir to the throne is signed by over 100 prominent persons.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_21", "text": "June 21", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 26 – Two new schools, Christ's Hospital and King Edward's School, Witley, are created by royal charter in accordance with the will of King Edward VI of England; St Thomas' Hospital, London, in existence since the 12th century, is named in the same charter.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_26", "text": "June 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christ's_Hospital", "text": "Christ's Hospital", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Edward's_School,_Witley", "text": "King Edward's School, Witley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_charter", "text": "royal charter", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England", "text": "Edward VI of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Thomas'_Hospital", "text": "St Thomas' Hospital", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 6 – King King Edward VI of England dies at the age of 15 after a reign of only six years.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6", "text": "July 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI", "text": "King Edward VI of England", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 9 – Battle of Sievershausen: Prince-elector Maurice of Saxony defeats the Catholic forces of Margrave Albert of Brandenburg-Kulmbach. Maurice is mortally wounded.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_9", "text": "July 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sievershausen", "text": "Battle of Sievershausen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince-elector", "text": "Prince-elector", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice,_Elector_of_Saxony", "text": "Maurice of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church", "text": "Catholic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Alcibiades,_Margrave_of_Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "text": "Margrave Albert of Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 10 – Four days after the death of her cousin King Edward VI of England, Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England – a position she holds for the next nine days.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_10", "text": "July 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England", "text": "Edward VI of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey", "text": "Lady Jane Grey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_regnant", "text": "Queen", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 19 – The Lord Mayor of London proclaims Mary I the rightful Queen, following a change of allegiance by the Privy Council; Lady Jane Grey voluntarily abdicates.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_19", "text": "July 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_London", "text": "Lord Mayor of London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Mary I", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_regnant", "text": "Queen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey", "text": "Lady Jane Grey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdication", "text": "abdicates", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 3 – Queen Mary I of England arrives in London from East Anglia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_3", "text": "August 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Mary I of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Anglia", "text": "East Anglia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 18 – John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, is tried and convicted of treason for his role in putting his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, on the throne.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_18", "text": "August 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dudley,_1st_Duke_of_Northumberland", "text": "John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 24 – English explorer Richard Chancellor enters the White Sea and reaches Arkhangelsk. He goes on afterwards to the court of Ivan IV of Russia, opening up trade between England and Russia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_24", "text": "August 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "English", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Chancellor", "text": "Richard Chancellor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Sea", "text": "White Sea", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkhangelsk", "text": "Arkhangelsk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_IV_of_Russia", "text": "Ivan IV of Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia", "text": "Russia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 23 – The Sadians consolidate their power in Morocco, by defeating the last of their enemies.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_23", "text": "September 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadians", "text": "Sadians", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morocco", "text": "Morocco", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September – Anglican bishops in England are arrested, and Roman Catholic bishops are restored.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September", "text": "September", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglican", "text": "Anglican", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop", "text": "bishops", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church", "text": "Roman Catholic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop", "text": "bishops", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 6 – Şehzade Mustafa, oldest son of Suleiman the Magnificent, is executed in Konya by order of his father.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_6", "text": "October 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Şehzade_Mustafa", "text": "Şehzade Mustafa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent", "text": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konya", "text": "Konya", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 27 – Geneva's governing council burns Michael Servetus at the stake as a heretic.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_27", "text": "October 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva", "text": "Geneva's", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Execution_by_burning", "text": "burns", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Servetus", "text": "Michael Servetus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy", "text": "heretic", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 13 – Lady Jane Grey, who had claimed the title of Queen of England for nine days, is convicted of high treason, along with her husband Lord Guilford Dudley, two of Dudley's brothers, and Thomas Cranmer, the former Archbishop of Canterbury, after trial conducted by a special commission at Guildhall in the City of London. Referred to by the court as \"Jane Dudley, wife of Guildford\", Lady Jane is found to have treacherously assumed the title and the power of the monarch of England, as evidenced by a number of documents she had signed as \"Jane the Quene\". All five defendants are sentenced to death. Beheading is the sentence for the men, while Lady Jane is to either be \"burned alive on Tower Hill or beheaded as the Queen pleases\", with the decision (for a private decapitation) to be made by Queen Mary.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_13", "text": "November 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey", "text": "Lady Jane Grey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_treason", "text": "high treason", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer", "text": "Thomas Cranmer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury", "text": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guildhall,_London", "text": "Guildhall", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_London", "text": "City of London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_Hill", "text": "Tower Hill", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 16 – A delegation from the English Parliament formally asks the new queen, Mary I, to choose an English husband rather than to marry Spain's Prince Philip, and suggests Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon. Queen Mary's choice to marry Philip, in the interests of protecting England from an invasion, will ultimately lead to Wyatt's rebellion.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_16", "text": "November 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain", "text": "Prince Philip", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Courtenay,_1st_Earl_of_Devon", "text": "Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyatt's_rebellion", "text": "Wyatt's rebellion", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 17 (13th waxing of Natdaw 915 ME) – Bayinnaung, King of Burma, commissions the building of the Kanbawzathadi Palace in his capital, Pegu (modern-day Bago in Myanmar). The palace is completed in 1556 but is burned down in 1599.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_17", "text": "November 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaung", "text": "Bayinnaung", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanbawzathadi_Palace", "text": "Kanbawzathadi Palace", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bago,_Myanmar", "text": "Pegu", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 25 – Italian War of 1551–1559: Cosimo I de' Medici, Duke of the Florentine Republic, signs a secret treaty with Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor to conquer the Republic of Siena to bring it back into the Empire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_25", "text": "November 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551–1559", "text": "Italian War of 1551–1559", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosimo_I_de'_Medici", "text": "Cosimo I de' Medici", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_the_Florentine_Republic", "text": "Duke of the Florentine Republic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Siena", "text": "Republic of Siena", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 25 – Second Margrave War: The city of Kulmbach, near Brandenburg in Bavaria in Germany, is sacked and burned to the ground after its margrave, Albert Alcibiades, makes an unsuccessful attempt to bring all of the Duchy of Franconia under his control.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_25", "text": "November 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Margrave_War", "text": "Second Margrave War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulmbach", "text": "Kulmbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Alcibiades,_Margrave_of_Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "text": "Albert Alcibiades", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 25 – Battle of Tucapel: Mapuche rebels under Lautaro defeat the Spanish conquistadors, and execute Pedro de Valdivia, the first Royal Governor of Chile.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_25", "text": "December 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tucapel", "text": "Battle of Tucapel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche", "text": "Mapuche", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lautaro", "text": "Lautaro", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conquistador", "text": "conquistadors", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia", "text": "Pedro de Valdivia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Governor_of_Chile", "text": "Royal Governor of Chile", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Tonbridge School is founded by Sir Andrew Judde, under letters patent of Edward VI of England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonbridge_School", "text": "Tonbridge School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Judde", "text": "Andrew Judde", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letters_patent", "text": "letters patent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England", "text": "Edward VI of England", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The xiii Bukes of Eneados of the famose Poete Virgill, the first complete translation of any major work of classical antiquity into one of the English languages, is published in London.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eneados", "text": "The xiii Bukes of Eneados of the famose Poete Virgill", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_antiquity", "text": "classical antiquity", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglic_languages", "text": "English languages", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London", "text": "London", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "In Ming dynasty China: The addition of a new section of the Outer City fortifications is completed in southern Beijing, bringing the overall size of Beijing to 18 square miles (4662 hectares). Shanghai is fortified for the first time.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty", "text": "Ming dynasty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_city_fortifications#Outer_city", "text": "Outer City fortifications", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_mile", "text": "square miles", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectare", "text": "hectares", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai", "text": "Shanghai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The addition of a new section of the Outer City fortifications is completed in southern Beijing, bringing the overall size of Beijing to 18 square miles (4662 hectares).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_city_fortifications#Outer_city", "text": "Outer City fortifications", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_mile", "text": "square miles", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectare", "text": "hectares", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Shanghai is fortified for the first time.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai", "text": "Shanghai", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1554", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 5 – A great fire breaks out in Eindhoven, Netherlands.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_5", "text": "January 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eindhoven", "text": "Eindhoven", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 11 – A Spanish army is defeated by local Mapuche-Huilliches as it tries to cross Bueno River in Southern Chile.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_11", "text": "January 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Río_Bueno", "text": "is defeated", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huilliche_people", "text": "Mapuche-Huilliches", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bueno_River", "text": "Bueno River", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zona_Sur", "text": "Southern Chile", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 12 (10th waxing of Tabodwe 915 ME) – Bayinnaung is crowned king of the Burmese Taungoo Dynasty at his new capital at Pegu, after a previous coronation on January 11, 1551, and takes the regnal name of Thiri Thudhamma Yaza.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_12", "text": "January 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaung", "text": "Bayinnaung", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taungoo_Dynasty", "text": "Taungoo Dynasty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bago,_Myanmar", "text": "Pegu", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 21 – Edward Courtenay, one of the four plotters of Wyatt's rebellion in England, is arrested and reveals that an attempt will be made to overthrow the English government.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_21", "text": "January 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Courtenay,_1st_Earl_of_Devon", "text": "Edward Courtenay", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyatt's_rebellion", "text": "Wyatt's rebellion", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 25 – São Paulo, Brazil, is founded.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_25", "text": "January 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/São_Paulo", "text": "São Paulo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colonial_Brazil", "text": "Brazil", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 27 – Wyatt's rebellion begins in England at Maidstone as Sir Thomas Wyatt reads a proclamation that Queen Mary of England’s marriage to King Philip of Spain will \"bring upon this realm most miserable servitude, and establish popish religion\". Within two days, Wyatt has raised 2,000 soldiers to join his plan to overthrow Queen Mary.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_27", "text": "January 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyatt's_rebellion", "text": "Wyatt's rebellion", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maidstone", "text": "Maidstone", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Wyatt_the_Younger", "text": "Sir Thomas Wyatt", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 30 – Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk, one of the English conspirators in Wyatt's rebellion, leads troops from Leicester to Coventry, but the group finds that the gates of the city are closed because the rebellion has been exposed.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30", "text": "January 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grey,_Duke_of_Suffolk", "text": "Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leicester", "text": "Leicester", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coventry", "text": "Coventry", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 9 – Thomas Wyatt surrenders to government forces in London.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_9", "text": "February 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Wyatt_the_Younger", "text": "Thomas Wyatt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London", "text": "London", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 12 – After claiming the throne of England the previous year, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_12", "text": "February 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey", "text": "Lady Jane Grey", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 18 – Princess Elizabeth is imprisoned in the Tower of London on charges of working with the organizers of Wyatt's rebellion for the overthrow of Queen Mary of England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_18", "text": "March 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England", "text": "Elizabeth", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_London", "text": "Tower of London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyatt's_rebellion", "text": "Wyatt's rebellion", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 12 – Mary of Guise becomes Regent of Scotland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_12", "text": "April 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_of_Guise", "text": "Mary of Guise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regent", "text": "Regent", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 9 – Elizabeth is released from the Tower of London, although she continues to be confined at home after she is cleared of suspicion of conspiracy to overthrow the government.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_9", "text": "May 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England", "text": "Elizabeth", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 11 – Italian General Piero Strozzi successfully defends an attack on the Republic of Siena by French troops, led by Cosimo de' Medici at the battle of Pontedera, but suffers a tremendous loss of his own troops in the process.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_11", "text": "June 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piero_Strozzi", "text": "Piero Strozzi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Siena", "text": "Republic of Siena", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosimo_de'_Medici", "text": "Cosimo de' Medici", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontedera", "text": "Pontedera", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 25 – Queen Mary I of England marries King Prince Philip of Naples, the only son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and heir to the throne of Spain, at Winchester Cathedral just two days after their first meeting.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25", "text": "July 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Mary I of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedding_of_Mary_I_of_England_and_Philip_of_Spain", "text": "marries", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain", "text": "Prince Philip of Naples", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winchester_Cathedral", "text": "Winchester Cathedral", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 2 – Battle of Marciano: Senese –French forces are defeated by the Florentine – Imperial army.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_2", "text": "August 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Marciano", "text": "Battle of Marciano", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siena", "text": "Senese", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence", "text": "Florentine", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire", "text": "Imperial", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 12 – Battle of Renty: French forces led by Francis, Duke of Guise turn back an invasion of Picardy, by Charles V.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_12", "text": "August 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Renty", "text": "Battle of Renty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis,_Duke_of_Guise", "text": "Francis, Duke of Guise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picardy", "text": "Picardy", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 13 (Shawwal 15, 961 AH) – At the Battle of Tadla in Morocco, Mohammed ash-Sheikh, ruler of the Saadi dynasty enters the city of Fez and becomes the undisputed sultan. Ali Abu Hassun, last ruler of the Wattasid dynasty, flees.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_13", "text": "September 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tadla", "text": "Battle of Tadla", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_ash-Sheikh", "text": "Mohammed ash-Sheikh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saadi_dynasty", "text": "Saadi dynasty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Abu_Hassun", "text": "Ali Abu Hassun", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 8 – In Peru, an 11-month long rebellion by Francisco Hernández Girón is ended at the Battle of Pucará with the rebels defeated by the Viceroy of Peru near Cuzco.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8", "text": "October 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Hernández_Girón", "text": "Francisco Hernández Girón", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Cusco#Civil_wars_(1538-1554)", "text": "Battle of Pucará", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cusco", "text": "Cuzco", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 21 – The Plassenburg castle in Bavaria, residence of the ruling House of Hohenzollern in the Principality of Ansbach, is destroyed during the Second Margrave War.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_21", "text": "October 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plassenburg", "text": "Plassenburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Hohenzollern", "text": "House of Hohenzollern", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principality_of_Ansbach", "text": "Principality of Ansbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Margrave_War", "text": "Second Margrave War", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 1 – English captain John Lok, commanding three ships (the Trinitie, the Bartholomew and the John Evangelist), departs from Dartmouth in England to voyage to the Guinea Coast at West Africa.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_1", "text": "November 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lok", "text": "John Lok", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea_(region)", "text": "Guinea Coast", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 22 – Upon the death of his father, Sultan Islam Shah Suri, 10-year-old Firuz Shah Suri becomes the Sultan of the Sur Empire at Delhi, but he is murdered within a few days.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_22", "text": "November 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_Shah_Suri", "text": "Islam Shah Suri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firuz_Shah_Suri", "text": "Firuz Shah Suri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur_Empire", "text": "Sur Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi", "text": "Delhi", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 22 – The John Lok expedition reaches Guinea, anchoring at the Sesto River and remains for seven days to begin trading. \"", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_22", "text": "December 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea", "text": "Guinea", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Mikael Agricola becomes the bishop of Turku.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikael_Agricola", "text": "Mikael Agricola", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turku", "text": "Turku", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Saadi conquers the Kingdom of Fez.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saadi_dynasty", "text": "Saadi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Fez", "text": "Kingdom of Fez", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Exact center year of Counter Reformation.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter_Reformation", "text": "Counter Reformation", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The name of the beer brewed by New Belgium Brewing Company is based on a recipe from this date, called \"1554.\"", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Belgium_Brewing_Company", "text": "New Belgium Brewing Company", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Luso-Chinese agreement: Portugal reaches an agreement with the Ming Dynasty of China, to be allowed to legally trade in the province of Guangdong.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luso-Chinese_agreement_(1554)", "text": "Luso-Chinese agreement", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynasty", "text": "Ming Dynasty", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Rao Surjan Singh becomes ruler of Bundi.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rao_Surjan_Singh", "text": "Rao Surjan Singh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundi_State", "text": "Bundi", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1555", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 22 – The Kingdom of Ava in Upper Burma falls.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_22", "text": "January 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ava", "text": "Kingdom of Ava", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Burma", "text": "Upper Burma", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 2 – The Diet of Augsburg begins.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_2", "text": "February 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet_of_Augsburg", "text": "Diet of Augsburg", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 4 – John Rogers is burned at the stake at Smithfield, London, becoming the first of the 284 Protestant martyrs of the English Reformation to be killed during the five and one-half year reign of Queen Mary I of England. His death is followed within the week by that of Laurence Saunders on February 8 in Coventry, and Rowland Taylor, Rector of Hadleigh, Suffolk, and John Hooper, deposed Bishop of Gloucester on February 9.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4", "text": "February 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Rogers_(Bible_editor_and_martyr)", "text": "John Rogers", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_by_burning", "text": "burned at the stake", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithfield,_London", "text": "Smithfield, London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Protestant_martyrs_of_the_English_Reformation", "text": "Protestant martyrs of the English Reformation", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Mary I of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence_Saunders", "text": "Laurence Saunders", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coventry", "text": "Coventry", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowland_Taylor", "text": "Rowland Taylor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rector_(ecclesiastical)", "text": "Rector", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadleigh,_Suffolk", "text": "Hadleigh, Suffolk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hooper_(bishop)", "text": "John Hooper", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop_of_Gloucester", "text": "Bishop of Gloucester", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 26 – The Muscovy Company is chartered in England to trade with the Tsardom of Russia and Richard Chancellor negotiates with the Tsar.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_26", "text": "February 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovy_Company", "text": "Muscovy Company", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia", "text": "Tsardom of Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Chancellor", "text": "Richard Chancellor", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 25 – Valencia, Venezuela, is founded by Captain Alonso Díaz Moreno.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25", "text": "March 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valencia,_Venezuela", "text": "Valencia, Venezuela", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 9 – Marcello Cervini degli Spannocchi is unanimously chosen as the successor to Pope Julius III, who died on March 23, and takes the name of Pope Marcellus II as the 222nd Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church. He will reign for 22 days.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_9", "text": "April 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Marcellus_II", "text": "Pope Marcellus II", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 17 – After 18 months of siege, the Republic of Siena surrenders to the Florentine – Imperial army.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_17", "text": "April 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Siena", "text": "Republic of Siena", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florence", "text": "Florentine", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire", "text": "Imperial", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 1 – Foundation of St John's College, Oxford, England, to teach Catholic theology.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1", "text": "May 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_John's_College,_Oxford", "text": "St John's College, Oxford", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 30 – Foundation of Trinity College, Oxford, England, to teach Catholic theology.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_30", "text": "May 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinity_College,_Oxford", "text": "Trinity College, Oxford", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 15 – The conclave opens with 42 of the 56 Roman Catholic cardinals to choose a successor to Pope Marcellus II, who had died on May 1.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_15", "text": "May 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1555_papal_conclave", "text": "conclave", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 23 – Giovanni Pietro Carafa, Cardinal of Naples, is elected as the new Pope after Giacomo del Pozzo fails to obtain the necessary two-thirds approval. Carafa, the 223rd Pope, takes the name Pope Paul IV.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_23", "text": "May 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 25 – Jeanne d'Albret becomes the Queen of Navarre upon the death of her father, King Henry II.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_25", "text": "May 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanne_d'Albret", "text": "Jeanne d'Albret", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Navarrese_monarchs", "text": "Queen of Navarre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre", "text": "King Henry II", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 1 – The Treaty of Amasya between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia concludes the Ottoman-Safavid War.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_1", "text": "June 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Amasya", "text": "Treaty of Amasya", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottoman Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safavid_Persia", "text": "Safavid Persia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman–Safavid_War_(1532–1555)", "text": "Ottoman-Safavid War", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 22 – Adil Shah Suri becomes the Sultan of the Sur Empire at Delhi in India after Sikandar Shah Suri is forced to flee from the Mughal Empire forces.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_22", "text": "June 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adil_Shah_Suri", "text": "Adil Shah Suri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur_Empire", "text": "Sur Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi", "text": "Delhi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India", "text": "India", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikandar_Shah_Suri", "text": "Sikandar Shah Suri", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 12 – Pope Paul IV creates the Roman Ghetto, the first Jewish ghetto in Rome.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_12", "text": "July 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Ghetto", "text": "Roman Ghetto", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 24 – England's Thomas Thirlby, the first and only Roman Catholic Archbishop of Norwich and Queen Mary's envoy to Pope Paul IV, returns to London from bearing a papal bull that confirms Queen Mary's jurisdiction over Ireland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_24", "text": "August 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Thirlby", "text": "Thomas Thirlby", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 25 – The Peace of Augsburg is signed between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and the Lutheran Schmalkaldic League, establishing the principle Cuius regio, eius religio, that is, rulers within the Empire can choose the religion of their realm.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_25", "text": "September 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Augsburg", "text": "Peace of Augsburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutheranism", "text": "Lutheran", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmalkaldic_League", "text": "Schmalkaldic League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuius_regio,_eius_religio", "text": "Cuius regio, eius religio", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September – The 1555 Kashmir earthquake causes widespread destruction and death in Kashmir, India.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1555_Kashmir_earthquake", "text": "1555 Kashmir earthquake", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 16 (1st day of 10th month Tenbun 24) – At the Battle of Miyajima Island, Mori Motonari defeats Sue Harukata. The first two Protestant Oxford Martyrs, Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley, are burned at the stake in England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_16", "text": "October 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenbun", "text": "Tenbun 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Miyajima", "text": "Battle of Miyajima", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mori_Motonari", "text": "Mori Motonari", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sue_Harukata", "text": "Sue Harukata", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_Martyrs", "text": "Oxford Martyrs", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Latimer", "text": "Hugh Latimer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Ridley_(martyr)", "text": "Nicholas Ridley", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "(1st day of 10th month Tenbun 24) – At the Battle of Miyajima Island, Mori Motonari defeats Sue Harukata.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenbun", "text": "Tenbun 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Miyajima", "text": "Battle of Miyajima", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mori_Motonari", "text": "Mori Motonari", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sue_Harukata", "text": "Sue Harukata", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The first two Protestant Oxford Martyrs, Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley, are burned at the stake in England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_Martyrs", "text": "Oxford Martyrs", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Latimer", "text": "Hugh Latimer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Ridley_(martyr)", "text": "Nicholas Ridley", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 25 – Charles V abdicates as Holy Roman Emperor and is succeeded by his brother Ferdinand.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_25", "text": "October 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Ferdinand", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 1 – French Navy Vice-Admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon leads a small fleet of two ships and 200 soldiers and colonists to take possession of Serigipe Island, near modern-day Rio de Janeiro in Brazil at Guanabara Bay, and builds Fort Coligny.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_1", "text": "November 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Durand_de_Villegaignon", "text": "Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villegagnon_island", "text": "Serigipe Island", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro", "text": "Rio de Janeiro", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil", "text": "Brazil", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanabara_Bay", "text": "Guanabara Bay", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Coligny", "text": "Fort Coligny", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 13 – Thomas Cranmer is officially removed from office as the Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury by order of Pope Paul IV and Queen Mary I.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_13", "text": "November 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer", "text": "Thomas Cranmer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury", "text": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 11 – Cardinal Reginald Pole is made a cardinal-priest in the Roman Catholic Church and made the administrator of the See of Canterbury in England, though he will not become the new Archbishop of Canterbury until the following March 20.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_11", "text": "December 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Pole", "text": "Reginald Pole", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/See_of_Canterbury", "text": "See of Canterbury", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Russia breaks a 60-year-old truce with Sweden by attacking Finland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia", "text": "Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sweden_(1523–1611)", "text": "Sweden", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Humayun resumes rule of the Mughal Empire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humayun", "text": "Humayun", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Empire", "text": "Mughal Empire", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The Adal Sultanate in the Horn of Africa collapses.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adal_Sultanate", "text": "Adal Sultanate", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_of_Africa", "text": "Horn of Africa", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "English captain John Lok returns from Guinea, with five Africans to train as interpreters for future trading voyages.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lok", "text": "John Lok", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea", "text": "Guinea", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Richard Eden publishes The Decades of the Newe Worlde or West India, a translation into English of parts of Pietro Martire d'Anghiera 's De orbe novo decades, the Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés work Natural hystoria de las Indias and others, urging his countrymen to follow the lead of Spain in exploring the New World; the work includes the first recorded use in English of the country name 'China'.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Eden_(translator)", "text": "Richard Eden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Martire_d'Anghiera", "text": "Pietro Martire d'Anghiera", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decades_of_the_New_World", "text": "De orbe novo decades", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzalo_Fernández_de_Oviedo_y_Valdés", "text": "Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_World", "text": "New World", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Establishment in England of the following grammar schools: Boston Grammar School, Gresham's School at Holt, Norfolk (founded by Sir John Gresham) and Ripon Grammar School (re-foundation).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammar_school", "text": "grammar schools", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Grammar_School", "text": "Boston Grammar School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresham's_School", "text": "Gresham's School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holt,_Norfolk", "text": "Holt, Norfolk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gresham", "text": "Sir John Gresham", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripon_Grammar_School", "text": "Ripon Grammar School", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "William Annyas becomes the Mayor of Youghal, Ireland, the first Jew to hold such a position in Ireland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Annyas", "text": "William Annyas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youghal", "text": "Youghal", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Dee is charged, but cleared, of treason in England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dee", "text": "John Dee", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Orlande de Lassus ' first book of madrigals is published, in Antwerp.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orlande_de_Lassus", "text": "Orlande de Lassus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrigal", "text": "madrigals", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antwerp", "text": "Antwerp", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1556", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 4 – In Japan, Saitō Yoshitatsu, the eldest son of Saitō Dōsan, arranges the murders of his two younger brothers, Magoshiro and Kiheiji, and forces his father to flee from the Sagiyama Castle.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_4", "text": "January 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saitō_Yoshitatsu", "text": "Saitō Yoshitatsu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saitō_Dōsan", "text": "Saitō Dōsan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 16 – Charles V resigns the throne of the Spanish Empire (including his colonies in the New World) in favor of his son, Philip II, and retires to a monastery.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_16", "text": "January 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spanish Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain", "text": "Philip II", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 23 – The Shaanxi earthquake, the deadliest earthquake in history, occurs with its epicenter in Shaanxi province, China; 830,000 people may have been killed.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_23", "text": "January 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1556_Shaanxi_earthquake", "text": "Shaanxi earthquake", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicenter", "text": "epicenter", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaanxi", "text": "Shaanxi", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 24 – In India, at the Sher Mandal in Delhi, the Mughal Emperor Humayun trips while descending the stairs from his library and strikes the side of his head against a stone step, sustaining a fatal injury. He never regains consciousness and dies seven days later.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_24", "text": "January 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sher_Mandal", "text": "Sher Mandal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi", "text": "Delhi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humayun", "text": "Humayun", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 5 – Truce of Vaucelles: Fighting temporarily ends between France and Spain.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_5", "text": "February 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truce_of_Vaucelles", "text": "Truce of Vaucelles", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_France", "text": "France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spain", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 14 – Akbar the Great ascends the throne of the Mughal Empire in India at age 13; he will rule until his death in 1605, by which time most of the north and centre of the Indian subcontinent will be under his control.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_14", "text": "February 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar_the_Great", "text": "Akbar the Great", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Empire", "text": "Mughal Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India", "text": "India", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_subcontinent", "text": "Indian subcontinent", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 21 – In Oxford, Thomas Cranmer,the former Archbishop of Canterbury, is burned at the stake for treason for his role in the English Reformation as chief bishop of the Anglican Church.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_21", "text": "March 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford", "text": "Oxford", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer", "text": "Thomas Cranmer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury", "text": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Reformation", "text": "English Reformation", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 22 – Reginald Pole, a Roman Catholic Cardinal, is appointed by Queen Mary of England as the new Archbishop of Canterbury and head of the Catholic Archdiocese of Canterbury.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_22", "text": "March 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Pole", "text": "Reginald Pole", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic", "text": "Roman Catholic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)", "text": "Cardinal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury", "text": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 3 – In Qazvin, the Shah of Iran Tahmasp I, becomes enraged with the sexual orientation of his son Ismail II, and sends Ismail to Afghanistan to serve as the Iranian governor of Herat province.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_3", "text": "April 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qazvin", "text": "Qazvin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safavid_Iran", "text": "Shah of Iran", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahmasp_I", "text": "Tahmasp I", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ismail_II", "text": "Ismail II", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan", "text": "Afghanistan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat", "text": "Herat", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 24 – Pál Márkházy surrenders the Hungarian fortress at Ajnácskő (now Hajnáčka in Slovakia) to the Ottoman Empire. Márkházy, accused of treachery, is stripped of his estates and title by the King of Hungary, and forced to flee to the Principality of Transylvania.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_24", "text": "April 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pál_Márkházy", "text": "Pál Márkházy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajnáčka", "text": "Ajnácskő", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovakia", "text": "Slovakia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 28 (20th day of 4th month of Kōji 2) – In Japan, the Battle of Nagara-gawa takes place along the Nagara River in Mino Province near what is now the Gifu Prefecture. Saitō Yoshitatsu, with 17,500 troops, overwhelms and kills his father, Saitō Dōsan, who had attempted to avenge the Saitō family honor with less than 3,000 people.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_28", "text": "May 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kōji_(Muromachi_period)", "text": "Kōji 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan", "text": "Japan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Nagara-gawa", "text": "Battle of Nagara-gawa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagara_River", "text": "Nagara River", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mino_Province", "text": "Mino Province", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gifu_Prefecture", "text": "Gifu Prefecture", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saitō_Yoshitatsu", "text": "Saitō Yoshitatsu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saitō_Dōsan", "text": "Saitō Dōsan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 14 – Lorenzo Priuli becomes the new Doge of the Venetian Republic.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_14", "text": "June 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Priuli", "text": "Lorenzo Priuli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doges_of_Venice", "text": "Doge", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venetian_Republic", "text": "Venetian Republic", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 27 – Thirteen English Protestants (11 men and two women), the \" Stratford Martyrs \", are burned at the stake at Stratford-le-Bow near London after being convicted of heresy.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_27", "text": "June 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratford_Martyrs", "text": "Stratford Martyrs", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow,_London", "text": "Stratford-le-Bow", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London", "text": "London", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 17 – Kostajnica Fortress in what is now Croatia falls to the Ottoman Empire and remains under Turkish control for the next 132 years.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_17", "text": "July 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kostajnica_Fortress", "text": "Kostajnica Fortress", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia", "text": "Croatia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 15 – Work begins on the Peresopnytsia Gospel at the Monastery of the Holy Trinity in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and continues for the next five years.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_15", "text": "August 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peresopnytsia_Gospel", "text": "Peresopnytsia Gospel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardine_Monastery,_Iziaslav", "text": "Monastery of the Holy Trinity", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania", "text": "Grand Duchy of Lithuania", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 27 – Charles V abdicates his position as Holy Roman Emperor in favor of his younger brother, Ferdinand, King of the Romans. The Imperial Diet postpones recognizing the abdication for the next 18 months.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_27", "text": "August 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Ferdinand, King of the Romans", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 1 – After Pope Paul IV attempts to get King Henry II of France to join him in an invasion of Spanish-controlled Naples, Spain's Duke of Alba invades the Papal States in Italy.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_1", "text": "September 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "King Henry II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Naples#The_Aragonese_period", "text": "Spanish-controlled Naples", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Álvarez_de_Toledo,_3rd_Duke_of_Alba", "text": "Duke of Alba", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_States", "text": "Papal States", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 7 – The Battle of Delhi is fought in India, at Tughlaqabad) near Delhi between forces of the Sur Empire (ruled by Muhammad Adil Shah) and the Mughal Empire (ruled by Akbar the Great). General Hemchandra Vikramaditya (Hemu) of the Suris overwhelms the forces commanded by the Mughal Governor of Delhi, Tardi Beg Khan within one day.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_7", "text": "October 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tughlaqabad", "text": "Battle of Delhi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tughlaqabad", "text": "Tughlaqabad", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi", "text": "Delhi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur_Empire", "text": "Sur Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Adil_Shah_(died_1557)", "text": "Muhammad Adil Shah", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Empire", "text": "Mughal Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar_the_Great", "text": "Akbar the Great", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemu", "text": "Hemchandra Vikramaditya", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tardi_Beg_Khan", "text": "Tardi Beg Khan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 5 – Second Battle of Panipat: Fifty miles north of Delhi, a Mughal army defeats the forces of Hemu and recaptures Delhi for the Mughal Empire, guaranteeing Akbar 's rule.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_5", "text": "November 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Panipat", "text": "Second Battle of Panipat", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi", "text": "Delhi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Empire", "text": "Mughal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemu", "text": "Hemu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar", "text": "Akbar", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 10 – The English ship Edward Bonadventure, commanded by Richard Chancellor is wrecked on the coast of Scotland at Pitsligo, killing most of its crew, including Chancellor. The few survivors include the first Russian ambassador to England, Osip Nepeya.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_10", "text": "November 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Chancellor", "text": "Richard Chancellor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland", "text": "Scotland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitsligo", "text": "Pitsligo", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 17 – In the Holy Roman Empire, the Steter Kriegsrat is founded as a War Council with five generals and five civil servants to advise the Habsburg rulers.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_17", "text": "November 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hofkriegsrat", "text": "Steter Kriegsrat", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 7 – The Mughal Emperor Akbar personally travels with Bairam Khan to lead an invasion force to defeat the Sultan of the Sur Empire, Sikandar Shah Suri.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_7", "text": "December 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar_the_Great", "text": "Akbar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bairam_Khan", "text": "Bairam Khan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikandar_Shah_Suri", "text": "Sikandar Shah Suri", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 27 – Péter Erdődy is appointed as the Ottoman Viceroy of Croatia after the death on September 7 of Nikola IV Zrinski.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_27", "text": "December 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Péter_Erdődy", "text": "Péter Erdődy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ban_of_Croatia", "text": "Ottoman Viceroy of Croatia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola_IV_Zrinski", "text": "Nikola IV Zrinski", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 31 – All military authorities in the Holy Roman Empire are ordered to submit to the decisions of the Imperial War Council.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_31", "text": "December 31", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "The kings of Spain take control of the Flanders region, including what is now the French département of Nord.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flanders", "text": "Flanders", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Département", "text": "département", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_(French_department)", "text": "Nord", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The Plantations of Ireland are started in King's County (now County Offaly) and Queen's County (now County Laois), the earliest attempt at systematic ethnic cleansing in Ireland, by the Roman Catholic ruler Queen Mary I of England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantations_of_Ireland", "text": "Plantations of Ireland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_Offaly", "text": "County Offaly", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_Laois", "text": "County Laois", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing", "text": "ethnic cleansing", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic", "text": "Roman Catholic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Mary I of England", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Future King Prince John, younger son of King Gustav I of Sweden becomes Duke of Finland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_III_of_Sweden", "text": "Prince John", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_I_of_Sweden", "text": "Gustav I of Sweden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_Finland", "text": "Duke of Finland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ivan the Terrible conquers Astrakhan, opening the Volga River to Russian traffic and trade.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible", "text": "Ivan the Terrible", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrakhan", "text": "Astrakhan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volga_River", "text": "Volga River", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The Welser banking families of Augsburg lose colonial control of Venezuela.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welser", "text": "Welser", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augsburg", "text": "Augsburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela", "text": "Venezuela", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The false Martin Guerre appears in the French village of Artigat.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Guerre", "text": "Martin Guerre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_France", "text": "French", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The first printing press in India is introduced by Jesuits, at Saint Paul's College, Goa.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing_press", "text": "printing press", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesuits", "text": "Jesuits", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Paul's_College,_Goa", "text": "Saint Paul's College, Goa", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1557", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 4 – Pietro Giovanni Chiavica Cibo becomes the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa for a term of 2 years as the term of the Doge Agostino Pinelli Ardimenti comes to an end.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_4", "text": "January 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Giovanni_Chiavica_Cibo", "text": "Pietro Giovanni Chiavica Cibo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doge_of_Genoa", "text": "Doge", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa", "text": "Republic of Genoa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agostino_Pinelli_Ardimenti", "text": "Agostino Pinelli Ardimenti", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 6 – Italian War of 1551–1559: Gaspard II de Coligny, the French governor of Picardy (in northern France), launches surprise attacks on Douai and Lens in the Spanish Netherlands and captures both cities for France.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6", "text": "January 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551–1559", "text": "Italian War of 1551–1559", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspard_II_de_Coligny", "text": "Gaspard II de Coligny", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picardy", "text": "Picardy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douai", "text": "Douai", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens,_Pas-de-Calais", "text": "Lens", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands", "text": "Spanish Netherlands", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 13 – Sigismund II Augustus, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, issues an edict against Protestants, at the urging of the Archbishop Mikołaj Dzierzgowski, Primate of Poland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_13", "text": "January 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigismund_II_Augustus", "text": "Sigismund II Augustus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Poland", "text": "King of Poland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duke_of_Lithuania", "text": "Grand Duke of Lithuania", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikołaj_Dzierzgowski", "text": "Mikołaj Dzierzgowski", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_archbishops_of_Gniezno_and_primates_of_Poland", "text": "Primate of Poland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 28 – Bayinnaung, King of Burma and head of the Toungoo dynasty, conquers two the Shan States, Mongmit and Hsipaw in what is now northern Myanmar. The event is later commemorated with an inscription on the Shwezigon Pagoda Bell.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_28", "text": "January 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayinnaung", "text": "Bayinnaung", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toungoo_dynasty", "text": "Toungoo dynasty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shan_States", "text": "Shan States", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongmit_State", "text": "Mongmit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsipaw_State", "text": "Hsipaw", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar", "text": "Myanmar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shwezigon_Pagoda_Bell", "text": "Shwezigon Pagoda Bell", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 4 – Pope Paul IV creates the metropolitan archdiocese of Portuguese India (based in Goa) separating the Goan diocese from the ecclesiastical province of Lisbon.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4", "text": "February 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon", "text": "Lisbon", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 24 – Delegates from Sweden, Finland and Russia arrive at Novgorod to negotiate a treaty to end the war between the two empires.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_24", "text": "February 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novgorod", "text": "Novgorod", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Novgorod_(1557)", "text": "a treaty to end", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russo-Swedish_War_(1554–1557)", "text": "war between the two empires", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 11 – The Burmese conquest of the Shan States continues as the capital of the Mongkawng state, Mong Kawng, falls to the Toungoo dynasty invaders, five days after the March 6 surrender of the town of Mong Yang. The event is later commemorated on the Shwezigon Pagoda Bell.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_11", "text": "March 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongkawng", "text": "Mongkawng", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogaung", "text": "Mong Kawng", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toungoo_dynasty", "text": "Toungoo dynasty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohnyin", "text": "Mong Yang", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March – The Takeda clan besiege Katsurayama Castle in eastern Japan. The siege ends with the last stand of the castle garrison, and the complete destruction of Katsurayama, allowing the Takeda to further expand in Shinano Province.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March", "text": "March", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takeda_clan", "text": "Takeda clan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Katsurayama", "text": "besiege Katsurayama Castle", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_stand", "text": "last stand", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinano_Province", "text": "Shinano Province", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 2 – The Treaty of Novgorod between Sweden and Russia is put into effect as delegates kiss the cross, as demanded by the Tsar Ivan IV.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_2", "text": "April 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Novgorod_(1557)", "text": "Treaty of Novgorod", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 12 – The Spanish settlement of Cuenca, Ecuador, is founded.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_12", "text": "April 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spanish", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuenca,_Ecuador", "text": "Cuenca, Ecuador", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 25 – English aristocrat Thomas Stafford attempts a rebellion against Queen Mary, landing at Scarborough, North Yorkshire with two ships and 32 followers after crossing the English Channel from Dieppe in France. Upon landing, he captures Scarborough Castle and proclaims himself \"Protector of the Realm\".", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_25", "text": "April 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Stafford_(rebel)", "text": "Thomas Stafford", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Queen Mary", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarborough,_North_Yorkshire", "text": "Scarborough, North Yorkshire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieppe", "text": "Dieppe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France", "text": "France", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 28 – Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland, arrives in Scarborough and ends the Stafford rebellion, arresting Stafford and the small rebel force.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_28", "text": "April 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Neville,_5th_Earl_of_Westmorland", "text": "Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 30 – Arauco War – Battle of Mataquito: Spanish forces of Governor Francisco de Villagra launch a dawn surprise attack against the Mapuche (headed by their toqui Lautaro), in present-day Chile.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_30", "text": "April 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arauco_War", "text": "Arauco War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mataquito", "text": "Battle of Mataquito", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spanish", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_de_Villagra", "text": "Francisco de Villagra", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche", "text": "Mapuche", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toqui", "text": "toqui", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lautaro", "text": "Lautaro", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile", "text": "Chile", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 4 – The Stationers' Company, officially the Worshipful Company of Stationers and Newspaper Makers, is granted a royal charter and a monopoly on the English publishing industry. For the next 150 years, the Stationers will regulate and censor the printing industry until the passage of the Copyright Act 1710 on April 10, 1710.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_4", "text": "May 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Stationers_and_Newspaper_Makers", "text": "Stationers' Company", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statute_of_Anne", "text": "Copyright Act 1710", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 23 – The Shwezigon Pagoda Bell, weighing 7,560 pounds (3,430 kg), is dedicated. The Bell, commissioned by King Bayinnaung and located in the Myanmar city of Bagan, bears a detailed inscription of the 16th century Burmese conquest of the Shan States.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_23", "text": "May 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shwezigon_Pagoda_Bell", "text": "Shwezigon Pagoda Bell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagan", "text": "Bagan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 28 – English rebel Thomas Stafford and 32 of his followers are beheaded at the Tower of London after being convicted of treason.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_28", "text": "May 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tower_of_London", "text": "Tower of London", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 29 – King Philip II of Spain signs a treaty in London with Iacopo VI being restored to rule of the Principality of Piombino a bargain with Cosimo I de' Medici.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_29", "text": "May 29", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 7 – Mary I of England joins her husband Philip II of Spain, in his war against France.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_7", "text": "June 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Mary I of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain", "text": "Philip II of Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_France", "text": "France", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 10 – The New Testament of the Geneva Bible, a Protestant Bible translation into English (produced under the supervision of William Whittingham, and printed in Roman type), is published in Geneva.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10", "text": "June 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Testament", "text": "New Testament", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva_Bible", "text": "Geneva Bible", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant", "text": "Protestant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible_translations_into_English", "text": "Bible translation into English", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Whittingham", "text": "William Whittingham", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_type", "text": "Roman type", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva", "text": "Geneva", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 16 Sebastião I is crowned as the new King of Portugal, five days after the death of his father, King João III.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_16", "text": "June 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian,_King_of_Portugal", "text": "Sebastião I", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Portugal", "text": "King of Portugal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_III_of_Portugal", "text": "King João III", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 18 – Mass executions by burning at the stake resume in England for Protestants convicted of heresy under the law of England's Catholic ruler, Queen Mary. On the first day, four women and three men are put to death at Maidstone at Kent. The next day, at Canterbury, another seven prisoners are burned. On June 22, ten more people (six men and four women) burn at the stake at Lewes at Sussex. In all, 24 people (12 men and 12 women) are killed in a five-day period", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_18", "text": "June 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Protestant_martyrs_of_the_English_Reformation", "text": "Mass executions by burning at the stake", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy", "text": "heresy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Queen Mary", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maidstone", "text": "Maidstone", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent", "text": "Kent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canterbury", "text": "Canterbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canterbury_Martyrs", "text": "another seven prisoners are burned", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewes_Martyrs", "text": "ten more people", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewes", "text": "Lewes", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sussex", "text": "Sussex", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "By June – The 1557 influenza pandemic, probably originating in China, spreads to Europe.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June", "text": "June", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1557_influenza_pandemic", "text": "1557 influenza pandemic", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 3 – The small Stato dei Presidi, a 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi) section of Spanish territory on the Tuscan coast of Italy, is created by a treaty between Cosimo I de' Medici (Duke of the Florentine Republic and the future Grand Duke of Tuscany) and King Felipe II of Spain. In return, Cosimo receives the rest of the former Republic of Siena.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_3", "text": "July 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_the_Presidi", "text": "Stato dei Presidi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy", "text": "Italy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosimo_I_de'_Medici", "text": "Cosimo I de' Medici", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_the_Florentine_Republic", "text": "Duke of the Florentine Republic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_grand_dukes_of_Tuscany", "text": "Grand Duke of Tuscany", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain", "text": "King Felipe II of Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Siena", "text": "Republic of Siena", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 24 – The Edict of Compiègne is issued by King Henri II of France, providing for the death penalty to be applied to Protestants for a variety of crimes, including a relapse after having renounced Protestantism; unauthorized travel to Geneva; publication of Protestant books; possessing graven images; and unauthorized participation in Protestant religious gatherings, whether public or private.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_24", "text": "July 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edict_of_Compiègne", "text": "Edict of Compiègne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "King Henri II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva", "text": "Geneva", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 25 – In India, Sikandar Shah Suri, Sultan of the Sur Empire in Punjab, surrenders the fortress at Mau in the Nurpur kingdom (now in Uttar Pradesh) after a six month siege by the Mughal Empire. Mughal General Bairam Khan allows Sikandar to live in exile in Bihar, while Bakht Mal, Raja of Nurpur is imprisoned at Lahore and later beheaded.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25", "text": "July 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India", "text": "India", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikandar_Shah_Suri", "text": "Sikandar Shah Suri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur_Empire", "text": "Sur Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mau,_Uttar_Pradesh", "text": "Mau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurpur_kingdom", "text": "Nurpur kingdom", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bairam_Khan", "text": "Bairam Khan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bihar", "text": "Bihar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakht_Mal", "text": "Bakht Mal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore", "text": "Lahore", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 27 – Battle of St. Quentin: French forces under Marshal Anne de Montmorency are decisively defeated by the Spanish and English under Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, after a 17-day battle. Montmorency himself is captured, but Philip II refuses to press his advantage, and withdraws to the Netherlands.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_27", "text": "August 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_St._Quentin_(1557)", "text": "Battle of St. Quentin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_de_Montmorency", "text": "Anne de Montmorency", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmanuel_Philibert,_Duke_of_Savoy", "text": "Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 11 – The Colloquy of Worms convenes in Germany as a dialog on religious issues between clerics of the German Catholic Church and the Lutheran Church.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11", "text": "September 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquy_of_Worms_(1557)", "text": "Colloquy of Worms", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 12 – The Spanish occupation of the Papal States is confirmed as Pope Paul IV signs a separate peace treaty, the Peace of Cave-Palestrina, with Spain's Duke of Alba, who has massed troops outside of Rome in preparationfor an attack.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_12", "text": "September 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Álvarez_de_Toledo,_3rd_Duke_of_Alba", "text": "Duke of Alba", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 8 – The Colloquy of Worms is adjourned with no resolution on reconciling the differences between Catholicism and Protestantism, after the parties are unable to agree on the concepts of original sin and theological justification.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8", "text": "October 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloquy_of_Worms_(1557)", "text": "Colloquy of Worms", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_sin", "text": "original sin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justification_(theology)", "text": "theological justification", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 23 – Mohammed al-Shaykh, Sultan of Morocco since 1549, is assassinated by Ottoman soldiers who had infiltrated the Moroccan army. The assassination comes on orders of the Ottoman sultan after Mohammed makes plans for an alliance with Spain against the Ottoman Empire. Mohammed is succeeded by his son, Abdallah al-Ghalib.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_23", "text": "October 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_al-Shaykh", "text": "Mohammed al-Shaykh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdallah_al-Ghalib", "text": "Abdallah al-Ghalib", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 17 (27th day of the 10th month of Kōji 3) – Prince Michihito of Japan becomes the Emperor Ōgimachi almost two months after the September 27 death of his father, the Emperor Go-Nara.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_17", "text": "November 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kōji_(Muromachi_period)", "text": "Kōji 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Ōgimachi", "text": "Emperor Ōgimachi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Go-Nara", "text": "Emperor Go-Nara", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 24 – In Bucharest, Mircea the Shepherd becomes the Prince of Wallachia for the third time, succeeding Pătrașcu the Good, who has died suddenly.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_24", "text": "December 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest", "text": "Bucharest", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mircea_the_Shepherd", "text": "Mircea the Shepherd", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_princes_of_Wallachia", "text": "Prince of Wallachia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pătrașcu_the_Good", "text": "Pătrașcu the Good", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 30 – Italian War of 1551–1559: King Henri II of France, through his ambassador Jean Cavenac de la Vigne sends a letter to Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire for the dispatch of 150 Ottoman Navy ships to protect the French coast.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_30", "text": "December 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551–1559", "text": "Italian War of 1551–1559", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "King Henri II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Cavenac_de_la_Vigne", "text": "Jean Cavenac de la Vigne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent", "text": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sultans_of_the_Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Sultan of the Ottoman Empire", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Özdemir Pasha conquers the Red Sea port of Massawa for the Ottoman Empire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Sea", "text": "Red Sea", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massawa", "text": "Massawa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottoman Empire", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "With the permission of the Ming dynasty government of China, and for the benefit of both Western and Eastern merchants, the Portuguese settle in Macau (retroceded in 1999). Direct Sino-Portuguese trade has existed since 1513, but this is the first official legal treaty port on traditional Chinese soil, that will form a long-term Western settlement.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty", "text": "Ming dynasty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty", "text": "China", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Empire", "text": "Portuguese", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau", "text": "Macau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999", "text": "1999", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1513", "text": "1513", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Spain becomes bankrupt, throwing the German banking houses into chaos.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankrupt", "text": "bankrupt", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, is refounded by John Caius.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonville_and_Caius_College,_Cambridge", "text": "Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Caius", "text": "John Caius", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The following schools are founded in England: Brentwood School, Essex, by Sir Antony Browne. Hampton School, Hampton, London, by Robert Hammond. Repton School, by Sir John Port.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brentwood_School_(Brentwood)", "text": "Brentwood School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essex", "text": "Essex", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampton_School", "text": "Hampton School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampton,_London", "text": "Hampton, London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repton_School", "text": "Repton School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Port_(the_younger)", "text": "Sir John Port", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brentwood School, Essex, by Sir Antony Browne.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brentwood_School_(Brentwood)", "text": "Brentwood School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essex", "text": "Essex", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Hampton School, Hampton, London, by Robert Hammond.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampton_School", "text": "Hampton School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampton,_London", "text": "Hampton, London", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Repton School, by Sir John Port.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repton_School", "text": "Repton School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Port_(the_younger)", "text": "Sir John Port", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Welsh -born mathematician Robert Recorde publishes The Whetstone of Witte in London, containing the first recorded use of the equals sign, and the first use in English of plus and minus signs.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wales", "text": "Welsh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Recorde", "text": "Robert Recorde", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Whetstone_of_Witte", "text": "The Whetstone of Witte", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London", "text": "London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equals_sign", "text": "equals sign", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language", "text": "English", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plus_and_minus_signs", "text": "plus and minus signs", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "German adventurer Hans Staden publishes a widely translated account of his detention by the Tupí people of Brazil, Warhaftige Historia und beschreibung eyner Landtschafft der Wilden Nacketen, Grimmigen Menschfresser-Leuthen in der Newenwelt America gelegen (\"True Story and Description of a Country of Wild, Naked, Grim, Man-eating People in the New World, America\").", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire", "text": "German", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Staden", "text": "Hans Staden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupí_people", "text": "Tupí people", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil", "text": "Brazil", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1558", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 7 – French troops, led by Francis, Duke of Guise, take Calais, the last continental possession of the Kingdom of England, in the Siege of Calais.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_7", "text": "January 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_France", "text": "French", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis,_Duke_of_Guise", "text": "Francis, Duke of Guise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calais", "text": "Calais", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_England", "text": "Kingdom of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Calais_(1558)", "text": "Siege of Calais", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 22 – The Livonian War begins.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_22", "text": "January 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livonian_War", "text": "Livonian War", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 2 – The University of Jena is founded in Thuringia, Germany.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_2", "text": "February 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Jena", "text": "University of Jena", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuringia", "text": "Thuringia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire", "text": "Germany", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 4 – (16th day of 1st month of Eiroku 1) Takeda Shingen becomes the shugo (military governor) of Shinano Province after his successful military campaign there.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4", "text": "February 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiroku", "text": "Eiroku", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takeda_Shingen", "text": "Takeda Shingen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shugo", "text": "shugo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinano_Province", "text": "Shinano Province", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 5 – Arauco War: Pedro de Avendaño, with sixty men, captures Caupolicán (the Mapuche Gran Toqui), who is leading their first revolt against the Spanish Empire (near Antihuala), encamped with a small band of followers.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_5", "text": "February 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arauco_War", "text": "Arauco War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_de_Avendaño", "text": "Pedro de Avendaño", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caupolicán", "text": "Caupolicán", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche", "text": "Mapuche", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toqui", "text": "Toqui", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spanish Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antihuala", "text": "Antihuala", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 8 – The city of Pori (Swedish: Björneborg) is founded by Duke John on the shores of the Gulf of Bothnia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_8", "text": "March 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pori", "text": "Pori", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_language", "text": "Swedish", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_John_(Sweden)", "text": "Duke John", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia", "text": "Gulf of Bothnia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 17 – The siege of Thionville in the Duchy of Luxembourg, is started by the French Army, led by Francis, Duke of Guise.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_17", "text": "April 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Thionville_(1558)", "text": "siege of Thionville", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis,_Duke_of_Guise", "text": "Francis, Duke of Guise", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 24 – Mary, Queen of Scots, marries Francis, Dauphin of France, at Notre Dame de Paris.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_24", "text": "April 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots", "text": "Mary, Queen of Scots", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedding_of_Mary,_Queen_of_Scots,_and_Francis,_Dauphin_of_France", "text": "marries", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_II_of_France", "text": "Francis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauphin_of_France", "text": "Dauphin of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre_Dame_de_Paris", "text": "Notre Dame de Paris", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 3 – The Imperial Diet of the Holy Roman Empire gives recognition to Ferdinand as Holy Roman Emperor, two months after his proclamation on March 14 as the successor to his brother Charles V.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_3", "text": "May 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Holy_Roman_Empire", "text": "the Holy Roman Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Ferdinand", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 13 – An armada of ships from the Ottoman Empire, dispatched by Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent at the request of King Henry II of France, sails into the Bay of Naples at Italy and attacks the city of Sorrento.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_13", "text": "June 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire", "text": "Ottoman Empire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleyman_the_Magnificent", "text": "Suleyman the Magnificent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "Henry II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorrento", "text": "Sorrento", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 23 – France is successful in the siege of Thionville in the Duchy of Luxembourg and recovers the fortress from the Spanish Empire after an operation that began on April 17 and lasted more than two months.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_23", "text": "June 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Thionville_(1558)", "text": "siege of Thionville", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 9 – The Ottoman Empire, with 15,000 troops and 150 warships, besieges the Spanish garrison at Ciutadella de Menorca at Spain's Balearic Islands. When the town falls on July 17, the 3,099 surviving inhabitants are sold into slavery.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_9", "text": "July 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciutadella_de_Menorca", "text": "Ciutadella de Menorca", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 13 – Battle of Gravelines: Near the border between the Kingdom of France and the Spanish Netherlands, Spanish forces led by Lamoral, Count of Egmont, and assisted by the English Navy, inflict a major defeat on the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_13", "text": "July 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Gravelines_(1558)", "text": "Battle of Gravelines", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_France", "text": "Kingdom of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Netherlands", "text": "Spanish Netherlands", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spanish", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamoral,_Count_of_Egmont", "text": "Lamoral, Count of Egmont", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Navy", "text": "English Navy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_de_Thermes", "text": "Paul de Thermes", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 18 – The city of Tartu, capital of the Bishopric of Dorpat (in modern-day Estonia) surrenders to Russia.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_18", "text": "July 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tartu", "text": "Tartu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishopric_of_Dorpat", "text": "Bishopric of Dorpat", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia", "text": "Estonia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsardom_of_Russia", "text": "Russia", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 22 – In Spain, Bartolomé Carranza, the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Toledo, is arrested at Torrelaguna on orders of the Grand Inquisitor, Fernando de Valdés y Salas. Carranza is brought a prisoner to Valladolid to face accusations of heresy. He remains in prison for eight years before being transferred to Rome for the Pope to hear his appeal.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_22", "text": "August 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartolomé_Carranza", "text": "Bartolomé Carranza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Toledo", "text": "Roman Catholic Archbishop of Toledo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrelaguna", "text": "Torrelaguna", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Inquisitor#List_of_Spanish_Grand_Inquisitors", "text": "Grand Inquisitor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_de_Valdés_y_Salas", "text": "Fernando de Valdés y Salas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valladolid", "text": "Valladolid", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy", "text": "heresy", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 17 – Postal history of Poland: King Sigismund II Augustus appoints an Italian merchant living in Kraków to organise a consolidated postal service in Poland, the origin of Poczta Polska.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_17", "text": "October 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Poland", "text": "Postal history of Poland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigismund_II_Augustus", "text": "Sigismund II Augustus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraków", "text": "Kraków", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1385–1569)", "text": "Poland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poczta_Polska", "text": "Poczta Polska", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 6 – On her deathbed, Queen Mary of England designates her half-sister, Elizabeth, as her successor. Both Mary and Elizabeth are daughters of the late King Henry VIII.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_6", "text": "November 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Queen Mary of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England", "text": "Elizabeth", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VIII", "text": "King Henry VIII", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 15 – The five Canterbury Martyrs, three men and two women, are burned at the stake, becoming the last of 312 Protestants put to death for heresy during the reign of England's last Roman Catholic ruler, Queen Mary. Queen Mary dies two days later, bringing an end to her campaign. During the final year of Mary's reign, 49 Protestants are burned at the stake and three others die in prison while awaiting execution.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_15", "text": "November 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canterbury_Martyrs", "text": "Canterbury Martyrs", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy", "text": "heresy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Queen Mary", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 17 – Queen Mary, a devout Roman Catholic dies of uterine cancer at the age of 42, and is succeeded by her younger half-sister Elizabeth, an adherent to the Protestant Church of England, beginning the Elizabethan era in British history.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_17", "text": "November 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church", "text": "Catholic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England", "text": "Elizabeth", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_England", "text": "Church of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabethan_era", "text": "Elizabethan era", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 5 – Less than three weeks of becoming Queen of England, Elizabeth summons the members of the English Parliament with orders to assemble at Westminster on January 23. Under Elizabeth's agenda, the Parliament is charged with restoring the laws passed at the beginning of the English Reformation, and repealing the reforms made during the reign of Queen Mary.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_5", "text": "December 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_Parliament_of_Elizabeth_I", "text": "English Parliament", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Reformation", "text": "English Reformation", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Knox 's attack on female rulers, The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstruous Regiment of Women, is published anonymously from Geneva.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Knox", "text": "John Knox", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_First_Blast_of_the_Trumpet_Against_the_Monstruous_Regiment_of_Women", "text": "The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstruous Regiment of Women", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneva", "text": "Geneva", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "English explorer Anthony Jenkinson travels from Moscow to Astrakhan and Bukhara. He is the first Englishman to note that the Amu Darya changed course, to start flowing into the Aral Sea.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Jenkinson", "text": "Anthony Jenkinson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrakhan", "text": "Astrakhan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukhara", "text": "Bukhara", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amu_Darya", "text": "Amu Darya", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aral_Sea", "text": "Aral Sea", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Queen Elizabeth I of England grants rest and refreshment to pilgrims and travellers who pass by the Holy Well Spring at Malvern in England.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Well,_Malvern", "text": "Holy Well Spring", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvern,_Worcestershire", "text": "Malvern", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Unknown" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "1557 influenza pandemic.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1557_influenza_pandemic", "text": "1557 influenza pandemic", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Ongoing" } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "1559", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 15 – Elizabeth I of England is crowned, in Westminster Abbey.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_15", "text": "January 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronation_of_Elizabeth_I_of_England", "text": "Elizabeth I of England is crowned", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_Abbey", "text": "Westminster Abbey", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 27 – Queen Elizabeth I of England establishes the Church of England, with the Act of Uniformity 1558 and the Act of Supremacy 1558. The Oath of Supremacy is reinstated.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_27", "text": "February 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England", "text": "Elizabeth I of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_England", "text": "Church of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_1558", "text": "Act of Uniformity 1558", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Supremacy_1558", "text": "Act of Supremacy 1558", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oath_of_Supremacy", "text": "Oath of Supremacy", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 23 – Emperor Gelawdewos of Ethiopia, defending his lands against the invasion of Nur ibn Mujahid, Sultan of Harar, is killed in battle. His brother, Menas, succeeds him as king.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_23", "text": "March 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelawdewos_of_Ethiopia", "text": "Gelawdewos of Ethiopia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nur_ibn_Mujahid", "text": "Nur ibn Mujahid", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harar", "text": "Harar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menas_of_Ethiopia", "text": "Menas", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 31 – The Westminster Conference 1559 opens at Westminster Hall in London with nine leading Catholic churchmen, and nine Protestant reformers of the Church of England. The conference adjourns on April 3 for Easter and never reconvenes.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_31", "text": "March 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_Conference_1559", "text": "Westminster Conference 1559", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_Hall", "text": "Westminster Hall", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_England", "text": "Church of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter", "text": "Easter", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "January – March" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 3 – Peace of Cateau Cambrésis: After two days of negotiations, France makes peace with England and Spain, ending the Italian War of 1551–59. France gives up most of its gains in Italy (including Savoy), retaining only Saluzzo, but keeps the three Lorraine bishoprics of Metz, Toul, and Verdun, and the formerly English town of Calais.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_3", "text": "April 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Cateau_Cambrésis", "text": "Peace of Cateau Cambrésis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_War_of_1551–59", "text": "Italian War of 1551–59", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savoy", "text": "Savoy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saluzzo", "text": "Saluzzo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metz", "text": "Metz", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toul", "text": "Toul", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdun", "text": "Verdun", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calais", "text": "Calais", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 2 – John Knox returns from exile to Scotland, to become the leader of the beginning Scottish Reformation.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_2", "text": "May 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Knox", "text": "John Knox", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Reformation", "text": "Scottish Reformation", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 8 – Queen Elizabeth of England gives royal assent to the Act of Supremacy 1558 (requiring any person taking public or church office in England to swear allegiance to the English monarch as Supreme Governor of the Church of England) and to the Act of Uniformity 1558 (requiring all persons in England to attend Anglican services on penalty of a fine for noncompliance).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_8", "text": "May 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I", "text": "Queen Elizabeth of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_assent", "text": "royal assent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Supremacy_1558", "text": "Act of Supremacy 1558", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_England", "text": "Church of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_Uniformity_1558", "text": "Act of Uniformity 1558", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 13 – At Basel, the body of Dutch Anabaptist leader David Joris is exhumed and burned, following his posthumous conviction of heresy.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_13", "text": "May 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel", "text": "Basel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Joris", "text": "David Joris", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 2 – A royal edict in France makes heresy punishable by death.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_2", "text": "June 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heresy_in_Christianity", "text": "heresy", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 11 – Scottish Reformation: A Protestant mob, incited by the preaching of John Knox, sacks St Andrews Cathedral.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_11", "text": "June 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Reformation", "text": "Scottish Reformation", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Andrews_Cathedral", "text": "St Andrews Cathedral", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 22 – King Philip II of Spain and the 14-year-old Elisabeth of Valois are married in Spain, having married by proxy in January.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_22", "text": "June 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain", "text": "Philip II of Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Valois", "text": "Elisabeth of Valois", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 30 – King Henry of France participates in a jousting tournament at the Place des Vosges in Paris, where French nobles are celebrating the marriage of Princess Elisabeth to King Philip of Spain. During competition against Gabriel de Lorges, Count of Montgomery, commander of King Henry's bodyguards, the Garde Écossaise, King Henry is struck in the eye by a splinter from Montgomery's lance and fatally injured. Henry survives for 10 days without treatment until dying from sepsis.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_30", "text": "June 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "King Henry of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jousting", "text": "jousting", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_des_Vosges", "text": "Place des Vosges", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_de_Lorges,_Count_of_Montgomery", "text": "Gabriel de Lorges, Count of Montgomery", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Guards_(France)", "text": "Garde Écossaise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepsis", "text": "sepsis", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "April – June" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 10 – Francis II becomes King of France following the death of his father, Henry II. Members of the House of Guise and the new king's mother Catherine de' Medici dispute control over the kingdom.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_10", "text": "July 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_II_of_France", "text": "Francis II", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Guise", "text": "House of Guise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_de'_Medici", "text": "Catherine de' Medici", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 25 – The Articles of Leith are signed in Edinburgh between the Protestant Lords of the Congregation and the Roman Catholic representatives the Scottish regent, Mary of Guise, the widow of King James V, who is ruling on behalf of her daughter, the 17-year-old Mary, Queen of Scots. The Lords, who have occupied Edinburgh since June, withdraw their troops in return for the Scottish crown's agreement to not interfere with the practice of Protestantism in Scotland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25", "text": "July 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articles_of_Leith", "text": "Articles of Leith", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh", "text": "Edinburgh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lords_of_the_Congregation", "text": "Lords of the Congregation", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_of_Guise", "text": "Mary of Guise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_V_of_Scotland", "text": "King James V", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots", "text": "Mary, Queen of Scots", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 31 – Pope Paul IV authorizes the creation of the University of Douai (which will later become the University of Lille).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_31", "text": "July 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Douai", "text": "University of Douai", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Lille", "text": "University of Lille", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 15 – Led by Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano, a Spanish missionary colony of 1,500 men, on 13 ships, arrives from Vera Cruz at Pensacola Bay, founding the oldest European settlement in the mainland U.S. (St. Augustine is founded in 1565.)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_15", "text": "August 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tristán_de_Luna_y_Arellano", "text": "Tristán de Luna y Arellano", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire", "text": "Spanish", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veracruz_(city)", "text": "Vera Cruz", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensacola_Bay", "text": "Pensacola Bay", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Augustine,_Florida", "text": "St. Augustine", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1565", "text": "1565", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 18 – Pope Paul IV, leader of the Roman Catholic Church since 1555, dies at the age of 83 after a reign of four years. The office of the Pope remains vacant until almost the end of the year before a successor is chosen.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_18", "text": "August 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 4 – Gorkha state is established by Dravya Shah, beating local Khadka kings, which is the origin of the current country of Nepal.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_4", "text": "September 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorkha_Kingdom", "text": "Gorkha", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dravya_Shah", "text": "Dravya Shah", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal", "text": "Nepal", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 5 – The papal conclave to elect a new pope opens 18 days after the death of Pope Paul IV at the Apostolic Palace in Rome with 47 of the 55 Roman Catholic cardinals present. The conclave lasts 101 days before a successor to Pope Paul is elected.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_5", "text": "September 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1559_papal_conclave", "text": "papal conclave to elect a new pope", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_Palace", "text": "Apostolic Palace", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome", "text": "Rome", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 19 – Just weeks after arrival at Pensacola, the Spanish missionary colony is decimated by a hurricane that kills hundreds, sinks five ships, with a galleon, and grounds a caravel; the 1,000 survivors divide to relocate/resupply the settlement, but suffer famine & attacks, and abandon the effort in 1561.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_19", "text": "September 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pensacola,_Florida", "text": "Pensacola", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane", "text": "hurricane", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galleon", "text": "galleon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caravel", "text": "caravel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1561", "text": "1561", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 21 – Francis II of France is crowned at Reims. The crown is too heavy for him, and has to be held in place by his nobles.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21", "text": "September 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_II_of_France", "text": "Francis II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reims", "text": "Reims", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 25 – At the age of 12, Petru cel Tânăr (Peter the Younger) is named as the new Prince of Wallachia at the capital, Târgoviște (now in Romania) after the death of his father, Mircea the Shepherd. In response, members of Wallachian nobility (boyars) opposed to Mircea's rule launch the first of three attempts to take the throne, fighting battles at Românești, Șerpătești and Boiani.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_25", "text": "September 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_the_Younger", "text": "Petru cel Tânăr", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_princes_of_Wallachia", "text": "Prince of Wallachia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Târgoviște", "text": "Târgoviște", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mircea_the_Shepherd", "text": "Mircea the Shepherd", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyars", "text": "boyars", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "July – September" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 24 – Backed by Ottoman Empire troops, the army of Wallachia defeats the boyars at the battle of Boiani. The Ottoman central government at Constantinople confirms Petru as the rightful ruler of the principality within the Empire.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_24", "text": "October 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublime_Porte", "text": "Ottoman central government", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 27 – Frederick III is terminated from his post as Duke of Legnica on orders of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. The Emperor Ferdinand orders Frederick placed under house arrest, and restores Frederick's son, Henry XI as Duke of Legnica.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_27", "text": "October 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Legnica", "text": "Frederick III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Legnica", "text": "Duke of Legnica", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_XI_of_Legnica", "text": "Henry XI", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 5 – In Scotland, Crichton Castle, home of the powerful Earl of Bothwell, is besieged and captured in an attack by the Earl of Arran.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_5", "text": "November 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crichton_Castle", "text": "Crichton Castle", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Hepburn,_4th_Earl_of_Bothwell", "text": "Earl of Bothwell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Hamilton,_3rd_Earl_of_Arran", "text": "Earl of Arran", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 6 – The Ottoman Empire ends its attempt to wrest control of the island of Bahrain from Portuguese control, after a siege of Manama Castle that began on July 2.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_6", "text": "November 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahrain", "text": "Bahrain", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 25 – After a conclave of almost four months, Giovanni Angelo Medici is elected as the 224th pope, and takes the name Pope Pius IV.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_25", "text": "December 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1559_papal_conclave", "text": "conclave of almost four months", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IV", "text": "Pope Pius IV", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "October – December" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "The University of Geneva is founded by John Calvin.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Geneva", "text": "University of Geneva", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calvin", "text": "John Calvin", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Calvin publishes the final edition of the Institutes of the Christian Religion.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutes_of_the_Christian_Religion", "text": "Institutes of the Christian Religion", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Oda Nobunaga wins control of his native province of Owari.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga", "text": "Oda Nobunaga", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owari_Province", "text": "Owari", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Margaret of Parma becomes Governor of the Netherlands, in place of her brother, King Philip II of Spain.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_of_Parma", "text": "Margaret of Parma", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habsburg_Netherlands", "text": "Netherlands", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain", "text": "Philip II of Spain", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Jean Nicot, French ambassador to Portugal, introduces tobacco to the French court in the form of snuff, and describes its medicinal properties. The active ingredient in tobacco is later named \" nicotine \" in his honor.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Nicot", "text": "Jean Nicot", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobacco", "text": "tobacco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snuff_(tobacco)", "text": "snuff", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotine", "text": "nicotine", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pope Paul IV promulgates the Pauline Index, an early version of the Index Librorum Prohibitorum.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_Librorum_Prohibitorum", "text": "Index Librorum Prohibitorum", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "The first generation of the Protestant Reformation is completed, according to some historians.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformation", "text": "Reformation", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null } ], "name": null } ], "name": "Date unknown" } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Births", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1550", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 18 – Tsugaru Tamenobu, Japanese daimyō (d. 1607)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_18", "text": "January 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsugaru_Tamenobu", "text": "Tsugaru Tamenobu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1607", "text": "1607", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 17 – Philip of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein, Dutch army commander (d. 1606)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_17", "text": "February 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_of_Hohenlohe-Neuenstein", "text": "Philip of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1606", "text": "1606", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 22 – Charles de Ligne, 2nd Prince of Arenberg (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_22", "text": "February 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_de_Ligne,_2nd_Prince_of_Arenberg", "text": "Charles de Ligne, 2nd Prince of Arenberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 6 – Michelangelo Naccherino, Italian sculptor (d. 1622)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_6", "text": "March 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelo_Naccherino", "text": "Michelangelo Naccherino", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1622", "text": "1622", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 8 – William Drury, English politician (d. 1590)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_8", "text": "March 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Drury_(MP_for_Suffolk)", "text": "William Drury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1590", "text": "1590", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 5 – Andrés Pacheco, Spanish churchman and theologian (d. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_5", "text": "April 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrés_Pacheco", "text": "Andrés Pacheco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 9 – Giulio Pace, Italian philosopher (d. 1635)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_9", "text": "April 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giulio_Pace", "text": "Giulio Pace", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1635", "text": "1635", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 12 – Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, Lord Great Chamberlain of England (d. 1604)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_12", "text": "April 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_de_Vere,_17th_Earl_of_Oxford", "text": "Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1604", "text": "1604", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 16 – Francis Anthony, English apothecary and physician (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_16", "text": "April 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Anthony", "text": "Francis Anthony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 18 – Alessandro Pieroni, Italian painter (d. 1607)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_18", "text": "April 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Pieroni", "text": "Alessandro Pieroni", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1607", "text": "1607", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 8 – John I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (d. 1604)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_8", "text": "May 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_I,_Count_Palatine_of_Zweibrücken", "text": "John I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1604", "text": "1604", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 25 – Camillus de Lellis, Italian saint and nurse (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_25", "text": "May 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camillus_de_Lellis", "text": "Camillus de Lellis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 16 – Marie Eleonore of Cleves, Duchess consort of Prussia (1573–1608) (d. 1608)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_16", "text": "June 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Eleonore_of_Cleves", "text": "Marie Eleonore of Cleves", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1608", "text": "1608", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 27 – King Charles IX of France (d. 1574)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_27", "text": "June 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IX_of_France", "text": "Charles IX of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1574", "text": "1574", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 28 – Johannes van den Driesche, Flemish Protestant clergyman and scholar (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_28", "text": "June 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_van_den_Driesche", "text": "Johannes van den Driesche", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 3 – Jacobus Gallus, Slovenian composer (d. 1591)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_3", "text": "July 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobus_Gallus", "text": "Jacobus Gallus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1591", "text": "1591", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 6 – Enrico Caetani, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1599)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_6", "text": "August 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_Caetani", "text": "Enrico Caetani", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1599", "text": "1599", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 8 – Petrus Gudelinus, Belgian jurist (d. 1619)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8", "text": "August 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Gudelinus", "text": "Petrus Gudelinus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1619", "text": "1619", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 2 –", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_2", "text": "September 2", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 10 – Alonso de Guzmán El Bueno, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia, commander of the Spanish Armada (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_10", "text": "September 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alonso_de_Guzmán_El_Bueno,_7th_Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia", "text": "Alonso de Guzmán El Bueno, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 17 – Pope Paul V (d. 1621)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_17", "text": "September 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_V", "text": "Pope Paul V", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1621", "text": "1621", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 29 – Joachim Frederick of Brieg, Duke of Wołów (1586–1602) (d. 1602)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_29", "text": "September 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim_Frederick_of_Brieg", "text": "Joachim Frederick of Brieg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1602", "text": "1602", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 30 – Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1631)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_30", "text": "September 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Maestlin", "text": "Michael Maestlin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 1 – Anne of Saint Bartholomew, Spanish Discalced Carmelite nun (d. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_1", "text": "October 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_of_Saint_Bartholomew", "text": "Anne of Saint Bartholomew", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 4 – King Charles IX of Sweden (d. 1611)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_4", "text": "October 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IX_of_Sweden", "text": "Charles IX of Sweden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1611", "text": "1611", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 8 – Antonio Zapata y Cisneros, Spanish cardinal (d. 1635)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8", "text": "October 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Zapata_y_Cisneros", "text": "Antonio Zapata y Cisneros", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1635", "text": "1635", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 25 – Ralph Sherwin, English Roman Catholic priest (martyred 1581)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_25", "text": "October 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Sherwin", "text": "Ralph Sherwin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1581", "text": "1581", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 28 – Stanislaus Kostka, Polish saint (d. 1568)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_28", "text": "October 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanislaus_Kostka", "text": "Stanislaus Kostka", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1568", "text": "1568", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 1 – Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg, Prince-Archbishop of Bremen, Prince-Bishop of Osnabruck and Paderborn (d. 1585)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_1", "text": "November 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_of_Saxe-Lauenburg", "text": "Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1585", "text": "1585", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 6 – Karin Månsdotter, Swedish queen (d. 1612)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_6", "text": "November 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karin_Månsdotter", "text": "Karin Månsdotter", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 2 – Antonio Fernández de Córdoba y Cardona, Spanish diplomat (d. 1606)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_2", "text": "December 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Fernández_de_Córdoba_y_Cardona", "text": "Antonio Fernández de Córdoba y Cardona", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1606", "text": "1606", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 6 – Orazio Vecchi, Italian composer (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_6", "text": "December 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orazio_Vecchi", "text": "Orazio Vecchi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 7 – Lithuanian noble Barbara Radziwiłł, wife of Sigismund II Augustus, King of Poland and Duke of Lithuania since 1547, has an elaborate coronation in Kraków as Queen consort and Grand Duchess, five months before her death at the age of 30.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_7", "text": "December 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Radziwiłł", "text": "Barbara Radziwiłł", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigismund_II_Augustus", "text": "Sigismund II Augustus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraków", "text": "Kraków", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 21 Aegidius Hunnius, German theologian (d. 1603) Man Singh I, Mughal noble (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_21", "text": "December 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegidius_Hunnius", "text": "Aegidius Hunnius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1603", "text": "1603", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_Singh_I", "text": "Man Singh I", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Aegidius Hunnius, German theologian (d. 1603)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegidius_Hunnius", "text": "Aegidius Hunnius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1603", "text": "1603", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Man Singh I, Mughal noble (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man_Singh_I", "text": "Man Singh I", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 22 – Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher (d. 1631)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_22", "text": "December 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesare_Cremonini_(philosopher)", "text": "Cesare Cremonini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 28 – Vicente Espinel, Spanish writer (d. 1624)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_28", "text": "December 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicente_Espinel", "text": "Vicente Espinel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1624", "text": "1624", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 28 – Abu al-Abbas Ahmad III, the Sultan of Ifriqiya (now Tunisia), signs a six-year treaty with Spain.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_28", "text": "December 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_al-Abbas_Ahmad_III", "text": "Abu al-Abbas Ahmad III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ifriqiya", "text": "Ifriqiya", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 29 – García de Silva Figueroa, Spanish diplomat and traveller (d. 1624)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_29", "text": "December 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/García_de_Silva_Figueroa", "text": "García de Silva Figueroa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1624", "text": "1624", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 31 – Henry I, Duke of Guise (d. 1588)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_31", "text": "December 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_I,_Duke_of_Guise", "text": "Henry I, Duke of Guise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588", "text": "1588", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Jacob ben Isaac Ashkenazi, Polish Jewish author (d. 1625) Willem Barentsz, Dutch navigator and explorer (d. 1597) Anselmus de Boodt, Belgian mineralogist and physician (d. 1632) Matthijs Bril, Flemish painter (d. 1583) Helena Antonia, Austrian court dwarf (d. 1595) Sarsa Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia (d. 1597) Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, Irish rebel (d. 1616) John Napier, Scottish mathematician (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_ben_Isaac_Ashkenazi", "text": "Jacob ben Isaac Ashkenazi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_Barentsz", "text": "Willem Barentsz", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands", "text": "Dutch", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigator", "text": "navigator", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorer", "text": "explorer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1597", "text": "1597", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anselmus_de_Boodt", "text": "Anselmus de Boodt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1632", "text": "1632", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthijs_Bril", "text": "Matthijs Bril", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1583", "text": "1583", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena_Antonia", "text": "Helena Antonia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1595", "text": "1595", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarsa_Dengel", "text": "Sarsa Dengel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_of_Ethiopia", "text": "Emperor of Ethiopia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1597", "text": "1597", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_O'Neill,_Earl_of_Tyrone", "text": "Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Napier", "text": "John Napier", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Jacob ben Isaac Ashkenazi, Polish Jewish author (d. 1625)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_ben_Isaac_Ashkenazi", "text": "Jacob ben Isaac Ashkenazi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Willem Barentsz, Dutch navigator and explorer (d. 1597)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willem_Barentsz", "text": "Willem Barentsz", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands", "text": "Dutch", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigator", "text": "navigator", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorer", "text": "explorer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1597", "text": "1597", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Anselmus de Boodt, Belgian mineralogist and physician (d. 1632)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anselmus_de_Boodt", "text": "Anselmus de Boodt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1632", "text": "1632", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Matthijs Bril, Flemish painter (d. 1583)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthijs_Bril", "text": "Matthijs Bril", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1583", "text": "1583", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Helena Antonia, Austrian court dwarf (d. 1595)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena_Antonia", "text": "Helena Antonia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1595", "text": "1595", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sarsa Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia (d. 1597)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarsa_Dengel", "text": "Sarsa Dengel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_of_Ethiopia", "text": "Emperor of Ethiopia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1597", "text": "1597", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, Irish rebel (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_O'Neill,_Earl_of_Tyrone", "text": "Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Napier, Scottish mathematician (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Napier", "text": "John Napier", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "probable Robert Balfour, Scottish philosopher (d. 1625) Henry Barrowe, English Puritan and Separatist (d. 1593) Emilio de' Cavalieri, Italian composer (d. 1602) Cornelis Corneliszoon, Dutch inventor of the sawmill (d. c. 1600) Philip Henslowe, English theatrical entrepreneur (d. 1616) Brianda Pereira, Azorean Portuguese heroine (d. 1620)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Balfour_(philosopher)", "text": "Robert Balfour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Barrowe", "text": "Henry Barrowe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_de'_Cavalieri", "text": "Emilio de' Cavalieri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1602", "text": "1602", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelis_Corneliszoon", "text": "Cornelis Corneliszoon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawmill", "text": "sawmill", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Henslowe", "text": "Philip Henslowe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brianda_Pereira", "text": "Brianda Pereira", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1620", "text": "1620", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Robert Balfour, Scottish philosopher (d. 1625)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Balfour_(philosopher)", "text": "Robert Balfour", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Henry Barrowe, English Puritan and Separatist (d. 1593)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Barrowe", "text": "Henry Barrowe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Emilio de' Cavalieri, Italian composer (d. 1602)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_de'_Cavalieri", "text": "Emilio de' Cavalieri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1602", "text": "1602", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Cornelis Corneliszoon, Dutch inventor of the sawmill (d. c. 1600)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelis_Corneliszoon", "text": "Cornelis Corneliszoon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawmill", "text": "sawmill", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Philip Henslowe, English theatrical entrepreneur (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Henslowe", "text": "Philip Henslowe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brianda Pereira, Azorean Portuguese heroine (d. 1620)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brianda_Pereira", "text": "Brianda Pereira", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1620", "text": "1620", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1551", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 5 – Jean Chapeauville, Belgian theologian and historian (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_5", "text": "January 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Chapeauville", "text": "Jean Chapeauville", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 14 – Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, Grand vizier of the Mughal emperor Akbar (d. 1602)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_14", "text": "January 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu'l-Fazl_ibn_Mubarak", "text": "Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar", "text": "Akbar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1602", "text": "1602", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 26 – Robert Dormer, 1st Baron Dormer, English politician (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_26", "text": "January 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Dormer,_1st_Baron_Dormer", "text": "Robert Dormer, 1st Baron Dormer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 2 – Nicolaus Reimers, German astronomer (d. 1600)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_2", "text": "February 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Reimers", "text": "Nicolaus Reimers", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 9 – Alessandro Alberti, Italian painter (d. 1596)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_9", "text": "March 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Alberti", "text": "Alessandro Alberti", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1596", "text": "1596", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 21 – Maria Anna of Bavaria (d. 1608)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_21", "text": "March 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Anna_of_Bavaria_(1551-1608)", "text": "Maria Anna of Bavaria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1608", "text": "1608", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 30 – Salomon Schweigger, German theologian (d. 1622)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_30", "text": "March 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salomon_Schweigger", "text": "Salomon Schweigger", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1622", "text": "1622", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 9 – Peter Monau, German physician (d. 1588)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_9", "text": "April 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Monau", "text": "Peter Monau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588", "text": "1588", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 30 – Jacopo da Empoli, Italian painter (d. 1640)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_30", "text": "April 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacopo_da_Empoli", "text": "Jacopo da Empoli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640", "text": "1640", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 2 – William Camden, English historian (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_2", "text": "May 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Camden", "text": "William Camden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 8 – Thomas Drury, English government informer and swindler (d. 1603)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_8", "text": "May 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Drury_(1551–1603)", "text": "Thomas Drury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1603", "text": "1603", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 17 – Martin Delrio, Flemish theologian and occultist (d. 1608)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_17", "text": "May 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Delrio", "text": "Martin Delrio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1608", "text": "1608", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 19 – King Henry III of France (d. 1589)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_19", "text": "September 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_III_of_France", "text": "Henry III of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1589", "text": "1589", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 4 – Philip VI, Count of Waldeck (1567–1579) (d. 1579)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_4", "text": "October 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_VI,_Count_of_Waldeck", "text": "Philip VI, Count of Waldeck", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1579", "text": "1579", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 8 – Giulio Caccini, Italian composer (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8", "text": "October 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giulio_Caccini", "text": "Giulio Caccini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 26 – Charlotte de Sauve, French courtesan (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_26", "text": "October 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_de_Sauve", "text": "Charlotte de Sauve", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 11 – Giovanni I Cornaro, Doge of Venice (d. 1629)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_11", "text": "November 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_I_Cornaro", "text": "Giovanni I Cornaro", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1629", "text": "1629", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Bhai Gurdas – original scribe of Guru Granth Sahib George Tuchet, 1st Earl of Castlehaven (d. 1617) Fausto Veranzio, Dalmatian/Croatian polymath, bishop, humanist (d. 1617) Job of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Christian Orthodox Saint (d. 1651)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhai_Gurdas", "text": "Bhai Gurdas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib", "text": "Guru Granth Sahib", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Tuchet,_1st_Earl_of_Castlehaven", "text": "George Tuchet, 1st Earl of Castlehaven", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fausto_Veranzio", "text": "Fausto Veranzio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_of_Pochayiv", "text": "Job of Pochayiv", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1651", "text": "1651", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Bhai Gurdas – original scribe of Guru Granth Sahib", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhai_Gurdas", "text": "Bhai Gurdas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib", "text": "Guru Granth Sahib", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "George Tuchet, 1st Earl of Castlehaven (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Tuchet,_1st_Earl_of_Castlehaven", "text": "George Tuchet, 1st Earl of Castlehaven", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Fausto Veranzio, Dalmatian/Croatian polymath, bishop, humanist (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fausto_Veranzio", "text": "Fausto Veranzio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Job of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Christian Orthodox Saint (d. 1651)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_of_Pochayiv", "text": "Job of Pochayiv", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1651", "text": "1651", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "probable Patrick Galloway, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (d. c. 1626) Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia (d. 1605) Stanisław Stadnicki, Polish nobleman (d. 1610)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Galloway", "text": "Patrick Galloway", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Godunov", "text": "Boris Godunov", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanisław_Stadnicki", "text": "Stanisław Stadnicki", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1610", "text": "1610", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Patrick Galloway, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (d. c. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Galloway", "text": "Patrick Galloway", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Godunov", "text": "Boris Godunov", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Stanisław Stadnicki, Polish nobleman (d. 1610)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanisław_Stadnicki", "text": "Stanisław Stadnicki", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1610", "text": "1610", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1552", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 14 – Alberico Gentili, Italian jurist (d. 1608)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_14", "text": "January 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberico_Gentili", "text": "Alberico Gentili", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1608", "text": "1608", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 22 – Walter Raleigh, English explorer (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_22", "text": "January 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Raleigh", "text": "Walter Raleigh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 1 – Edward Coke, English colonial entrepreneur and jurist (d. 1634)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_1", "text": "February 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Coke", "text": "Edward Coke", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1634", "text": "1634", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 8 – Agrippa d'Aubigné, French poet and soldier (d. 1630)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_8", "text": "February 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrippa_d'Aubigné", "text": "Agrippa d'Aubigné", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1630", "text": "1630", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 19 – Melchior Klesl, Austrian statesman and cardinal (d. 1630)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_19", "text": "February 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melchior_Klesl", "text": "Melchior Klesl", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1630", "text": "1630", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 20 – Sengoku Hidehisa, Japanese daimyō (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_20", "text": "February 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sengoku_Hidehisa", "text": "Sengoku Hidehisa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 25 – Magdalene of Lippe, Countess of Lippe by birth, and by marriage Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1587)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_25", "text": "February 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalene_of_Lippe", "text": "Magdalene of Lippe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1587", "text": "1587", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 28 – Joost Bürgi, Swiss clockmaker and mathematician (d. 1632)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_28", "text": "February 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joost_Bürgi", "text": "Joost Bürgi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1632", "text": "1632", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 1 – Anna of Cleves, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg by birth and by marriage Countess Palatine of Neuburg (d. 1632)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1", "text": "March 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_of_Cleves_(1552–1632)", "text": "Anna of Cleves", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1632", "text": "1632", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 18 – Polykarp Leyser the Elder, German theologian (d. 1610)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_18", "text": "March 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polykarp_Leyser_the_Elder", "text": "Polykarp Leyser the Elder", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1610", "text": "1610", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 20 – Christoph, Count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch (d. 1592)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_20", "text": "March 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph,_Count_of_Hohenzollern-Haigerloch", "text": "Christoph, Count of Hohenzollern-Haigerloch", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 20 – Frederick IV of Liegnitz, German noble (d. 1596)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_20", "text": "April 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Liegnitz", "text": "Frederick IV of Liegnitz", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1596", "text": "1596", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 8 – Petrus Ryff, Swiss scientist (d. 1629)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_8", "text": "May 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Ryff", "text": "Petrus Ryff", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1629", "text": "1629", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 12 – Edmund Bowyer, English politician (d. 1627)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_12", "text": "May 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Bowyer_(died_1627)", "text": "Edmund Bowyer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 2 – Raja Wodeyar I, King of Mysore (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_2", "text": "June 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raja_Wodeyar_I", "text": "Raja Wodeyar I", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 8 – Gabriello Chiabrera, Italian poet (d. 1638)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_8", "text": "June 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriello_Chiabrera", "text": "Gabriello Chiabrera", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1638", "text": "1638", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 17 – John George of Ohlau, Duke of Oława and Wołów (1586-1592) (d. 1592)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_17", "text": "June 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_George_of_Ohlau", "text": "John George of Ohlau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 29 – Elizabeth Spencer, Baroness Hunsdon, English baroness (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_29", "text": "June 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Spencer,_Baroness_Hunsdon", "text": "Elizabeth Spencer, Baroness Hunsdon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 18 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1612)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_18", "text": "July 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 22 Anthony Browne, Sheriff of Surrey and Kent (d. 1592) Mary Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton, Lady of English peer and others (d. 1607)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_22", "text": "July 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Browne_(1552–1592)", "text": "Anthony Browne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Wriothesley,_Countess_of_Southampton", "text": "Mary Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1607", "text": "1607", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Anthony Browne, Sheriff of Surrey and Kent (d. 1592)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Browne_(1552–1592)", "text": "Anthony Browne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Mary Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton, Lady of English peer and others (d. 1607)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Wriothesley,_Countess_of_Southampton", "text": "Mary Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1607", "text": "1607", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 14 – Paolo Sarpi, Italian writer (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_14", "text": "August 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo_Sarpi", "text": "Paolo Sarpi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 21 – Muhammad Qadiri, Founder of the Naushahia branch of the Qadri order (d. 1654)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_21", "text": "August 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Qadiri", "text": "Muhammad Qadiri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1654", "text": "1654", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 24 – Lavinia Fontana, Italian painter (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_24", "text": "August 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavinia_Fontana", "text": "Lavinia Fontana", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 12 – Andreas Schott, Flemish academic, linguist, translator, editor and a Jesuit priest (d. 1629)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_12", "text": "September 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Schott", "text": "Andreas Schott", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_Jesus", "text": "Jesuit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1629", "text": "1629", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 20 – Lorenz Scholz von Rosenau, German botanist (d. 1599)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_20", "text": "September 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenz_Scholz_von_Rosenau", "text": "Lorenz Scholz von Rosenau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1599", "text": "1599", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 21 – Barbara Longhi, Italian painter (d. 1638)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21", "text": "September 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Longhi", "text": "Barbara Longhi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1638", "text": "1638", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 22 – Tsar Vasili IV of Russia (d. 1612)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_22", "text": "September 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasili_IV_of_Russia", "text": "Vasili IV of Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 27 – Flaminio Scala, Italian playwright and stage actor (d. 1624)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_27", "text": "September 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaminio_Scala", "text": "Flaminio Scala", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1624", "text": "1624", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 6 – Matteo Ricci, Italian Jesuit missionary to China (d. 1610)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_6", "text": "October 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matteo_Ricci", "text": "Matteo Ricci", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1610", "text": "1610", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 11 – Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia, Grand Prince of Moscow (d. 1553)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_11", "text": "October 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsarevich_Dmitry_Ivanovich_of_Russia_(1552–1553)", "text": "Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1553", "text": "1553", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 18 Elisabeth of Saxony, Countess Palatine of Simmern (d. 1590) Francis Cherry, English diplomat (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_18", "text": "October 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Saxony", "text": "Elisabeth of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1590", "text": "1590", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Cherry_(diplomat)", "text": "Francis Cherry", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Elisabeth of Saxony, Countess Palatine of Simmern (d. 1590)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Saxony", "text": "Elisabeth of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1590", "text": "1590", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Francis Cherry, English diplomat (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Cherry_(diplomat)", "text": "Francis Cherry", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 23 – Odet de Turnèbe, French dramatist (d. 1581)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_23", "text": "October 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odet_de_Turnèbe", "text": "Odet de Turnèbe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1581", "text": "1581", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 28 – Simón de Rojas, Spanish saint (d. 1624)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_28", "text": "October 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simón_de_Rojas", "text": "Simón de Rojas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1624", "text": "1624", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 18 – Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi, Moroccan writer, judge and mathematician (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_18", "text": "December 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Ibn_al-Qadi", "text": "Ahmad Ibn al-Qadi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 20 – Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury, English politician and Earl (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_20", "text": "November 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Talbot,_7th_Earl_of_Shrewsbury", "text": "Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 26 – Seonjo of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1608)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_26", "text": "November 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seonjo_of_Joseon", "text": "Seonjo of Joseon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1608", "text": "1608", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 27 – William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire, English politician and Earl (d. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_27", "text": "December 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Cavendish,_1st_Earl_of_Devonshire", "text": "William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 29 – Henri I de Bourbon, prince de Condé (d. 1588)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_29", "text": "December 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_I_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Condé", "text": "Henri I de Bourbon, prince de Condé", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588", "text": "1588", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 31 – Simon Forman, English occultist and astrologer (d. 1611)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_31", "text": "December 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Forman", "text": "Simon Forman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1611", "text": "1611", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Date unknown: Hans von Aachen, German mannerist painter (d. 1615) Thomas Aufield, English Catholic martyr (d. 1585) Jean Bertaut, French poet (d. 1611) Philemon Holland, English translator (d. 1637) Prince Masahito, Japanese prince (d. 1586) Lady Saigō, Japanese concubine (d. 1589) Dom Justo Takayama, Japanese daimyo (d. 1615) Anthony Tyrrell, Roman Catholic renegade priest and spy (d. circa 1610) Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul, French diplomat (d. 1636) Cvijeta Zuzorić, Croatian poet (d. 1648)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_von_Aachen", "text": "Hans von Aachen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aufield", "text": "Thomas Aufield", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1585", "text": "1585", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Bertaut", "text": "Jean Bertaut", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1611", "text": "1611", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philemon_Holland", "text": "Philemon Holland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1637", "text": "1637", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Masahito", "text": "Prince Masahito", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1586", "text": "1586", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Saigō", "text": "Lady Saigō", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1589", "text": "1589", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Justo_Takayama", "text": "Dom Justo Takayama", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Tyrrell", "text": "Anthony Tyrrell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1610", "text": "1610", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Hotman,_Marquis_de_Villers-St-Paul", "text": "Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1636", "text": "1636", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cvijeta_Zuzorić", "text": "Cvijeta Zuzorić", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1648", "text": "1648", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Hans von Aachen, German mannerist painter (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_von_Aachen", "text": "Hans von Aachen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Thomas Aufield, English Catholic martyr (d. 1585)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aufield", "text": "Thomas Aufield", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1585", "text": "1585", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Jean Bertaut, French poet (d. 1611)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Bertaut", "text": "Jean Bertaut", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1611", "text": "1611", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Philemon Holland, English translator (d. 1637)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philemon_Holland", "text": "Philemon Holland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1637", "text": "1637", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Prince Masahito, Japanese prince (d. 1586)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Masahito", "text": "Prince Masahito", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1586", "text": "1586", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lady Saigō, Japanese concubine (d. 1589)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Saigō", "text": "Lady Saigō", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1589", "text": "1589", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Dom Justo Takayama, Japanese daimyo (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom_Justo_Takayama", "text": "Dom Justo Takayama", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Anthony Tyrrell, Roman Catholic renegade priest and spy (d. circa 1610)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Tyrrell", "text": "Anthony Tyrrell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1610", "text": "1610", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul, French diplomat (d. 1636)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Hotman,_Marquis_de_Villers-St-Paul", "text": "Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1636", "text": "1636", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Cvijeta Zuzorić, Croatian poet (d. 1648)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cvijeta_Zuzorić", "text": "Cvijeta Zuzorić", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1648", "text": "1648", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "probable Miguel de Benavides, Spanish clergyman and sinologist (d. 1605) Francisco Goméz de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma, Spanish politician (d. 1625)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_de_Benavides", "text": "Miguel de Benavides", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Goméz_de_Sandoval_y_Rojas,_Duke_of_Lerma", "text": "Francisco Goméz de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Miguel de Benavides, Spanish clergyman and sinologist (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_de_Benavides", "text": "Miguel de Benavides", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Francisco Goméz de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma, Spanish politician (d. 1625)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Goméz_de_Sandoval_y_Rojas,_Duke_of_Lerma", "text": "Francisco Goméz de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke of Lerma", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1553", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 20 – Bernardino de Cárdenas y Portugal, Duque de Maqueda, Spanish noble (d. 1601)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_20", "text": "January 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardino_de_Cárdenas_y_Portugal,_Duque_de_Maqueda", "text": "Bernardino de Cárdenas y Portugal, Duque de Maqueda", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601", "text": "1601", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 22 – Mōri Terumoto, Japanese warrior (d. 1625)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_22", "text": "January 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mōri_Terumoto", "text": "Mōri Terumoto", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 24 – Cherubino Alberti, Italian engraver and painter (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_24", "text": "February 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherubino_Alberti", "text": "Cherubino Alberti", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March – Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo, Italian noble (d. 1576)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March", "text": "March", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonora_di_Garzia_di_Toledo", "text": "Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1576", "text": "1576", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 26 – Vitsentzos Kornaros, Greek writer (d. 1613)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_26", "text": "March 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitsentzos_Kornaros", "text": "Vitsentzos Kornaros", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 24 – John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell, Scottish noble (d. 1593)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_24", "text": "April 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maxwell,_8th_Lord_Maxwell", "text": "John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 30 – Louise of Lorraine, French queen consort (d. 1601)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_30", "text": "April 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_of_Lorraine", "text": "Louise of Lorraine", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601", "text": "1601", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 7 – Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_7", "text": "May 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Frederick,_Duke_of_Prussia", "text": "Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 14 – Margaret of Valois, Queen of France (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_14", "text": "May 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_of_Valois", "text": "Margaret of Valois", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 5 – Bernardino Baldi, Italian mathematician and writer (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_5", "text": "June 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardino_Baldi", "text": "Bernardino Baldi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 15 – Archduke Ernest of Austria, Austrian prince, the son of Maximilian II (d. 1595)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_15", "text": "June 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archduke_Ernest_of_Austria", "text": "Archduke Ernest of Austria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1595", "text": "1595", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 1 – Peter Street, English carpenter (d. 1609)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_1", "text": "July 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Street_(carpenter)", "text": "Peter Street", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1609", "text": "1609", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 26 – Nicolò Contarini, Doge of Venice (d. 1631)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_26", "text": "September 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolò_Contarini", "text": "Nicolò Contarini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 8 – Jacques Auguste de Thou, French historian (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8", "text": "October 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Auguste_de_Thou", "text": "Jacques Auguste de Thou", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 18 – Luca Marenzio, Italian composer (d. 1599)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_18", "text": "October 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luca_Marenzio", "text": "Luca Marenzio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1599", "text": "1599", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 2 – Magdalene of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Countess Palatine of Pfalz-Zweibrücken (d. 1633)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_2", "text": "November 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalene_of_Jülich-Cleves-Berg", "text": "Magdalene of Jülich-Cleves-Berg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1633", "text": "1633", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 4 – Roger Wilbraham, Solicitor-General for Ireland (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_4", "text": "November 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Wilbraham", "text": "Roger Wilbraham", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 23 – Prospero Alpini, Italian physician and botanist (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_23", "text": "November 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prospero_Alpini", "text": "Prospero Alpini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 28 – George More, English politician (d. 1632)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_28", "text": "November 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_More", "text": "George More", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1632", "text": "1632", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 13 – King Henry IV of France (d. 1610)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_13", "text": "December 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France", "text": "Henry IV of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1610", "text": "1610", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Patriarch Filaret of Moscow and All Rus' (d. 1633) Giovanni Florio, English writer and translator (d. 1625) Richard Hakluyt, English travel writer (d. 1616) Robert Hues, English mathematician and geographer (d. 1632) Amago Katsuhisa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1578) Pierre de Rostegny, French jurist (d. 1631) William Russell, 1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh, Spanish military leader (d. 1613) Moses Székely, Hungarian noble (d. 1603) Beatrice Michiel, Venetian spy (d. 1613) Mirza Muhammad Hakim, son of Mughal emperor Humayun and brother of emperor Akbar (d. 1585)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriarch_Filaret_of_Moscow_and_All_Rus'", "text": "Patriarch Filaret of Moscow and All Rus'", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1633", "text": "1633", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Florio", "text": "Giovanni Florio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hakluyt", "text": "Richard Hakluyt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hues", "text": "Robert Hues", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1632", "text": "1632", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amago_Katsuhisa", "text": "Amago Katsuhisa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1578", "text": "1578", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_de_Rostegny", "text": "Pierre de Rostegny", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Russell,_1st_Baron_Russell_of_Thornhaugh", "text": "William Russell, 1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_Székely", "text": "Moses Székely", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1603", "text": "1603", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatrice_Michiel", "text": "Beatrice Michiel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirza_Muhammad_Hakim", "text": "Mirza Muhammad Hakim", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_emperor", "text": "Mughal emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humayun", "text": "Humayun", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar", "text": "Akbar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1585", "text": "1585", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Patriarch Filaret of Moscow and All Rus' (d. 1633)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriarch_Filaret_of_Moscow_and_All_Rus'", "text": "Patriarch Filaret of Moscow and All Rus'", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1633", "text": "1633", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Giovanni Florio, English writer and translator (d. 1625)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Florio", "text": "Giovanni Florio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Richard Hakluyt, English travel writer (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hakluyt", "text": "Richard Hakluyt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Robert Hues, English mathematician and geographer (d. 1632)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hues", "text": "Robert Hues", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1632", "text": "1632", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Amago Katsuhisa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1578)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amago_Katsuhisa", "text": "Amago Katsuhisa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1578", "text": "1578", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Pierre de Rostegny, French jurist (d. 1631)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_de_Rostegny", "text": "Pierre de Rostegny", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "William Russell, 1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh, Spanish military leader (d. 1613)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Russell,_1st_Baron_Russell_of_Thornhaugh", "text": "William Russell, 1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Moses Székely, Hungarian noble (d. 1603)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moses_Székely", "text": "Moses Székely", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1603", "text": "1603", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Beatrice Michiel, Venetian spy (d. 1613)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatrice_Michiel", "text": "Beatrice Michiel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Mirza Muhammad Hakim, son of Mughal emperor Humayun and brother of emperor Akbar (d. 1585)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirza_Muhammad_Hakim", "text": "Mirza Muhammad Hakim", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_emperor", "text": "Mughal emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humayun", "text": "Humayun", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar", "text": "Akbar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1585", "text": "1585", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1554", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 1 – Louis III, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1593)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_1", "text": "January 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_III,_Duke_of_Württemberg", "text": "Louis III, Duke of Württemberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 9 – Pope Gregory XV (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_9", "text": "January 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Gregory_XV", "text": "Pope Gregory XV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 20 – King Sebastian of Portugal (d. 1578)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_20", "text": "January 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian_of_Portugal", "text": "Sebastian of Portugal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1578", "text": "1578", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 8 – Marina de Escobar, Spanish nun (d. 1633)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_8", "text": "February 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_de_Escobar", "text": "Marina de Escobar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1633", "text": "1633", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 27 – Giovanni Battista Paggi, Italian painter (d. 1627)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_27", "text": "February 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Paggi", "text": "Giovanni Battista Paggi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March – Richard Hooker, Anglican theologian (d. 1600)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Hooker", "text": "Richard Hooker", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 1 – William Stafford, English courtier and conspirator (d. 1612)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1", "text": "March 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Stafford_(conspirator)", "text": "William Stafford", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 18 – Josias I, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (1578-1588) (d. 1588)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_18", "text": "March 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josias_I,_Count_of_Waldeck-Eisenberg", "text": "Josias I, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588", "text": "1588", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 22 – Catherine de Parthenay, French noblewoman and mathematician (d. 1631)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_22", "text": "March 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_de_Parthenay", "text": "Catherine de Parthenay", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 26 – Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne, French military leader (d. 1611)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_26", "text": "March 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_of_Lorraine,_Duke_of_Mayenne", "text": "Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1611", "text": "1611", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 28 – Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich of Russia (d. 1581)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_28", "text": "March 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsarevich_Ivan_Ivanovich_of_Russia", "text": "Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich of Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1581", "text": "1581", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 30 – Paul Laurentius, German divine (d. 1624)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_30", "text": "March 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Laurentius", "text": "Paul Laurentius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1624", "text": "1624", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April – Stephen Gosson, English satirist (d. 1624)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Gosson", "text": "Stephen Gosson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1624", "text": "1624", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 15 – Simon VI, Count of Lippe, Count of Lippe-Detmold (1563-1613) (d. 1613)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_15", "text": "April 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_VI,_Count_of_Lippe", "text": "Simon VI, Count of Lippe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 20 – Paolo Bellasio, Italian composer (d. 1594)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_20", "text": "May 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo_Bellasio", "text": "Paolo Bellasio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1594", "text": "1594", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 3 – Pietro de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1604)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_3", "text": "June 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_de'_Medici", "text": "Pietro de' Medici", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1604", "text": "1604", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 5 – Benedetto Giustiniani, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1621)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_5", "text": "June 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedetto_Giustiniani", "text": "Benedetto Giustiniani", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1621", "text": "1621", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 21 – Joachim of Zollern, Titular Count of Hohenzollern (d. 1587)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_21", "text": "June 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim_of_Zollern", "text": "Joachim of Zollern", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1587", "text": "1587", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 5 – Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France (d. 1592)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_5", "text": "July 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Austria,_Queen_of_France", "text": "Elisabeth of Austria, Queen of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 1 – Leonardus Lessius, Jesuit theologian (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_1", "text": "October 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardus_Lessius", "text": "Leonardus Lessius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 3 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet (d. 1628)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_3", "text": "October 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulke_Greville,_1st_Baron_Brooke", "text": "Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 10 – Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg and Lord of Rheda (d. 1606)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_10", "text": "October 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_III,_Count_of_Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg", "text": "Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1606", "text": "1606", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 20 – Bálint Balassi, Hungarian writer and noble (d. 1594)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_20", "text": "October 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bálint_Balassi", "text": "Bálint Balassi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1594", "text": "1594", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 28 – Enevold Kruse, Danish noble (d. 1621)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_28", "text": "October 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enevold_Kruse", "text": "Enevold Kruse", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1621", "text": "1621", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 30 – Prospero Farinacci, Italian jurist (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_30", "text": "October 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prospero_Farinacci", "text": "Prospero Farinacci", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 30 – Sir Philip Sidney, English courtier and poet (d. 1586)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_30", "text": "November 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Sidney", "text": "Sir Philip Sidney", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1586", "text": "1586", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 17 – Ernest of Bavaria, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1612)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_17", "text": "December 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_of_Bavaria", "text": "Ernest of Bavaria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 19 – Philip William, Prince of Orange (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_19", "text": "December 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_William,_Prince_of_Orange", "text": "Philip William, Prince of Orange", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Jacques Bongars, French scholar and diplomat (d. 1612) James Lancaster, English navigator (d. 1618) Walter Raleigh, English writer, poet, and explorer (d. 1618) Francis Throckmorton, English conspirator (d. 1584)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Bongars", "text": "Jacques Bongars", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Lancaster", "text": "James Lancaster", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Raleigh", "text": "Walter Raleigh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Throckmorton", "text": "Francis Throckmorton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1584", "text": "1584", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Jacques Bongars, French scholar and diplomat (d. 1612)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Bongars", "text": "Jacques Bongars", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "James Lancaster, English navigator (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Lancaster", "text": "James Lancaster", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Walter Raleigh, English writer, poet, and explorer (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Raleigh", "text": "Walter Raleigh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Francis Throckmorton, English conspirator (d. 1584)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Throckmorton", "text": "Francis Throckmorton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1584", "text": "1584", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1555", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 26 – Charles II, Lord of Monaco (d. 1589)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_26", "text": "January 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II,_Lord_of_Monaco", "text": "Charles II, Lord of Monaco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1589", "text": "1589", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 25 – Alonso Lobo, Spanish musician (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_25", "text": "February 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alonso_Lobo", "text": "Alonso Lobo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 18 – François, Duke of Anjou, youngest son of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici (d. 1584)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_18", "text": "March 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François,_Duke_of_Anjou", "text": "François, Duke of Anjou", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "Henry II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_de'_Medici", "text": "Catherine de' Medici", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1584", "text": "1584", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 21 – John Leveson, English politician (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_21", "text": "March 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Leveson", "text": "John Leveson", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 31 – Elizabeth Stuart, Countess of Lennox, English countess (d. 1582)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_31", "text": "March 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart,_Countess_of_Lennox", "text": "Elizabeth Stuart, Countess of Lennox", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582", "text": "1582", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 21 – Ludovico Carracci, Italian painter (d. 1619)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_21", "text": "April 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovico_Carracci", "text": "Ludovico Carracci", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1619", "text": "1619", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 28 – Karl Friedrich of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, heir apparent of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (d. 1575)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_28", "text": "April 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Friedrich_of_Jülich-Cleves-Berg", "text": "Karl Friedrich of Jülich-Cleves-Berg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1575", "text": "1575", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 5 – Queen Uiin, Korean royal consort (d. 1600)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_5", "text": "May 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Uiin", "text": "Queen Uiin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 9 – Jerónima de la Asunción, founder of the first Catholic monastery in Manila, the Monastery of Santa Clara (d. 1630)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_9", "text": "May 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerónima_de_la_Asunción", "text": "Jerónima de la Asunción", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1630", "text": "1630", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 29 – George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes, English earl, general and administrator (d. 1629)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_29", "text": "May 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Carew,_1st_Earl_of_Totnes", "text": "George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1629", "text": "1629", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 11 – Lodovico Zacconi, Italian composer and music theorist (d. 1627)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_11", "text": "June 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodovico_Zacconi", "text": "Lodovico Zacconi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 13 – Giovanni Antonio Magini, Italian mathematician, cartographer and astronomer (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_13", "text": "June 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Antonio_Magini", "text": "Giovanni Antonio Magini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 16 – Duke Otto Henry of Brunswick-Harburg, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Harburg (d. 1591)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_16", "text": "June 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_Otto_Henry_of_Brunswick-Harburg", "text": "Duke Otto Henry of Brunswick-Harburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1591", "text": "1591", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July – Henry Garnet, English Jesuit (d. 1606)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Garnet", "text": "Henry Garnet", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1606", "text": "1606", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 6 – Louis II, Cardinal of Guise, French Catholic cardinal (d. 1588)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6", "text": "July 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_II,_Cardinal_of_Guise", "text": "Louis II, Cardinal of Guise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588", "text": "1588", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 17 – Richard Carew, English scholar (d. 1620)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_17", "text": "July 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Carew_(antiquary)", "text": "Richard Carew", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1620", "text": "1620", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 1 – Edward Kelley, English spirit medium (d. 1597)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_1", "text": "August 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Kelley", "text": "Edward Kelley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1597", "text": "1597", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 3 – Jan Zbigniew Ossoliński, Polish nobleman (d. 1628)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_3", "text": "September 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Zbigniew_Ossoliński", "text": "Jan Zbigniew Ossoliński", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 21 – John Thynne, English landowner and politician (d. 1604)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21", "text": "September 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Thynne_(died_1604)", "text": "John Thynne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1604", "text": "1604", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 23 – Louise de Coligny, princess consort of Orange (d. 1620)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_23", "text": "September 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_de_Coligny", "text": "Louise de Coligny", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1620", "text": "1620", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 28 – Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne, duc de Bouillon, Marshal of France (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_28", "text": "September 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_de_La_Tour_d'Auvergne,_vicomte_de_Turenne,_duc_de_Bouillon", "text": "Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne, duc de Bouillon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 6 – Ferenc Nádasdy, Hungarian noble (d. 1604)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_6", "text": "October 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferenc_Nádasdy", "text": "Ferenc Nádasdy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1604", "text": "1604", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 12 – Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, English baron (d. 1601)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_12", "text": "October 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_Bertie,_13th_Baron_Willoughby_de_Eresby", "text": "Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601", "text": "1601", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 8 – Nyaungyan Min, king of Burma (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_8", "text": "November 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyaungyan_Min", "text": "Nyaungyan Min", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 4 – Heinrich Meibom, German historian and poet (d. 1625)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_4", "text": "December 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Meibom_(poet)", "text": "Heinrich Meibom", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 27 – Johann Arndt, German Lutheran theologian (d. 1621)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_27", "text": "December 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Arndt", "text": "Johann Arndt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1621", "text": "1621", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Lancelot Andrewes, English clergyman and scholar (d. 1626) Adam Sędziwój Czarnkowski, Polish nobleman (d. 1628) Samuel Eidels, Polish Jewish rabbi and Talmudist (d. 1631) Joshua Falk, Polish Jewish rabbi and commentator (d. 1614) Elijah Loans, German Jewish rabbi and kabbalist (d. 1636) François de Malherbe, French poet (d. 1628) Okudaira Sadamasa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1615) Konishi Yukinaga, Japanese Christian daimyō (d. 1600) Moderata Fonte, Italian poet, writer and philosopher (d. 1592) Maria van Schooten, Dutch war heroine (d. 1573) Naresuan, King of Ayutthaya (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancelot_Andrewes", "text": "Lancelot Andrewes", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Sędziwój_Czarnkowski", "text": "Adam Sędziwój Czarnkowski", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Eidels", "text": "Samuel Eidels", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua_Falk", "text": "Joshua Falk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elijah_Loans", "text": "Elijah Loans", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1636", "text": "1636", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François_de_Malherbe", "text": "François de Malherbe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okudaira_Sadamasa", "text": "Okudaira Sadamasa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konishi_Yukinaga", "text": "Konishi Yukinaga", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderata_Fonte", "text": "Moderata Fonte", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_van_Schooten", "text": "Maria van Schooten", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1573", "text": "1573", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naresuan", "text": "Naresuan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lancelot Andrewes, English clergyman and scholar (d. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancelot_Andrewes", "text": "Lancelot Andrewes", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Adam Sędziwój Czarnkowski, Polish nobleman (d. 1628)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_Sędziwój_Czarnkowski", "text": "Adam Sędziwój Czarnkowski", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Samuel Eidels, Polish Jewish rabbi and Talmudist (d. 1631)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Eidels", "text": "Samuel Eidels", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Joshua Falk, Polish Jewish rabbi and commentator (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua_Falk", "text": "Joshua Falk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Elijah Loans, German Jewish rabbi and kabbalist (d. 1636)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elijah_Loans", "text": "Elijah Loans", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1636", "text": "1636", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "François de Malherbe, French poet (d. 1628)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François_de_Malherbe", "text": "François de Malherbe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Okudaira Sadamasa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okudaira_Sadamasa", "text": "Okudaira Sadamasa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Konishi Yukinaga, Japanese Christian daimyō (d. 1600)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konishi_Yukinaga", "text": "Konishi Yukinaga", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Moderata Fonte, Italian poet, writer and philosopher (d. 1592)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderata_Fonte", "text": "Moderata Fonte", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Maria van Schooten, Dutch war heroine (d. 1573)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_van_Schooten", "text": "Maria van Schooten", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1573", "text": "1573", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Naresuan, King of Ayutthaya (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naresuan", "text": "Naresuan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1556", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 8 – Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_8", "text": "January 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uesugi_Kagekatsu", "text": "Uesugi Kagekatsu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 24 – Christian Barnekow, Danish noble, explorer and diplomat (d. 1612)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_24", "text": "January 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Barnekow_(1556–1612)", "text": "Christian Barnekow", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 4 – Dorothea of Hanau-Münzenberg, German noblewoman (d. 1638)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4", "text": "February 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothea_of_Hanau-Münzenberg", "text": "Dorothea of Hanau-Münzenberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1638", "text": "1638", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 7 – Countess Maria of Nassau (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_7", "text": "February 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countess_Maria_of_Nassau_(1556–1616)", "text": "Countess Maria of Nassau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 16 – Tōdō Takatora, Japanese daimyō (d. 1630)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_16", "text": "February 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tōdō_Takatora", "text": "Tōdō Takatora", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1630", "text": "1630", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 21 – Sethus Calvisius, German calendar reformer (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_21", "text": "February 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sethus_Calvisius", "text": "Sethus Calvisius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 7 – Guillaume du Vair, French statesman and philosopher (d. 1621)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_7", "text": "March 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_du_Vair", "text": "Guillaume du Vair", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1621", "text": "1621", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 13 – Dirck van Os, Dutch merchant (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_13", "text": "March 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirck_van_Os", "text": "Dirck van Os", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 8 – David Hoeschel, German librarian (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_8", "text": "April 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Hoeschel", "text": "David Hoeschel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 9 – Andreas von Auersperg, Carniolan noble and military commander in the battle of Sisak (d. 1593)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_9", "text": "April 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_von_Auersperg", "text": "Andreas von Auersperg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 27 – François Béroalde de Verville, French writer (d. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_27", "text": "April 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François_Béroalde_de_Verville", "text": "François Béroalde de Verville", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 31 – Jerzy Radziwiłł, Polish Catholic cardinal (d. 1600)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_31", "text": "May 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy_Radziwiłł_(1556–1600)", "text": "Jerzy Radziwiłł", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 6 – Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche, English politician and diplomat (d. 1625)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_6", "text": "June 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_la_Zouche,_11th_Baron_Zouche", "text": "Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1625", "text": "1625", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 13 – Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer (d. 1608)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_13", "text": "June 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomponio_Nenna", "text": "Pomponio Nenna", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1608", "text": "1608", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 24 Victoria of Valois, French princess (d. 1556) Joan of Valois, French princess (d. 1556)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_24", "text": "June 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_of_Valois", "text": "Victoria of Valois", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Valois_(1556)", "text": "Joan of Valois", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Victoria of Valois, French princess (d. 1556)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_of_Valois", "text": "Victoria of Valois", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Joan of Valois, French princess (d. 1556)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Valois_(1556)", "text": "Joan of Valois", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 9 – Elizabeth Finch, 1st Countess of Winchilsea, English countess (d. 1634)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_9", "text": "July 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Finch,_1st_Countess_of_Winchilsea", "text": "Elizabeth Finch, 1st Countess of Winchilsea", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1634", "text": "1634", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 22 – Otto Henry, Count Palatine of Sulzbach (d. 1604)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_22", "text": "July 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Henry,_Count_Palatine_of_Sulzbach", "text": "Otto Henry, Count Palatine of Sulzbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1604", "text": "1604", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 26 – James Melville, Scottish divine and reformer (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_26", "text": "July 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Melville_(1556–1614)", "text": "James Melville", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 10 – Philipp Nicolai, German Lutheran pastor (d. 1608)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_10", "text": "August 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipp_Nicolai", "text": "Philipp Nicolai", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1608", "text": "1608", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 16 – Bartolomeo Cesi, Italian painter (d. 1629)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_16", "text": "August 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartolomeo_Cesi", "text": "Bartolomeo Cesi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1629", "text": "1629", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 21 – William Harris, English knight (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21", "text": "September 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Harris_(Tudor_person)", "text": "William Harris", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 18 Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf, French duke and nobleman (d. 1605) John Dormer, English Member of Parliament (d. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_18", "text": "October 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_I,_Duke_of_Elbeuf", "text": "Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dormer_(of_Dorton)", "text": "John Dormer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf, French duke and nobleman (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_I,_Duke_of_Elbeuf", "text": "Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Dormer, English Member of Parliament (d. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dormer_(of_Dorton)", "text": "John Dormer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 24 – Giovanni Battista Caccini, Italian artist (d. 1613)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_24", "text": "October 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Caccini", "text": "Giovanni Battista Caccini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 26 – Ahmad Baba al Massufi, Malian academic (d. 1627)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_26", "text": "October 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Baba_al_Massufi", "text": "Ahmad Baba al Massufi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 25 – Jacques Davy Duperron, French cardinal (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_25", "text": "November 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Davy_Duperron", "text": "Jacques Davy Duperron", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 28 – Francesco Contarini, Doge of Venice (d. 1624)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_28", "text": "November 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Contarini", "text": "Francesco Contarini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1624", "text": "1624", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 5 – Anne Cecil, Countess of Oxford, English countess (d. 1588)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_5", "text": "December 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Cecil,_Countess_of_Oxford", "text": "Anne Cecil, Countess of Oxford", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588", "text": "1588", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 17 – Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana, Indian composer (d. 1627)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_17", "text": "December 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Rahim_Khan-I-Khana", "text": "Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 27 – Jeanne de Lestonnac, French saint (d. 1640)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_27", "text": "December 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeanne_de_Lestonnac", "text": "Jeanne de Lestonnac", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1640", "text": "1640", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Margaret Clitherow, English Catholic martyr (d. 1586) Ahmad Baba al Massufi, Sudanese writer and political leader (d. 1627) Alexander Briant, English Jesuit martyr (d. 1581)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Clitherow", "text": "Margaret Clitherow", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1586", "text": "1586", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Baba_al_Massufi", "text": "Ahmad Baba al Massufi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Briant", "text": "Alexander Briant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1581", "text": "1581", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Margaret Clitherow, English Catholic martyr (d. 1586)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Clitherow", "text": "Margaret Clitherow", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1586", "text": "1586", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ahmad Baba al Massufi, Sudanese writer and political leader (d. 1627)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_Baba_al_Massufi", "text": "Ahmad Baba al Massufi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Alexander Briant, English Jesuit martyr (d. 1581)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Briant", "text": "Alexander Briant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1581", "text": "1581", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1557", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 1 – Stephen Bocskay, Prince of Transylvania (d. 1606)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_1", "text": "January 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Bocskay", "text": "Stephen Bocskay", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1606", "text": "1606", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 11 – Johannes Wtenbogaert, Leader of the Remonstrants (d. 1644)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_11", "text": "February 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Wtenbogaert", "text": "Johannes Wtenbogaert", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1644", "text": "1644", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 15 Alfonso Fontanelli, Italian composer (d. 1622) Vittoria Accoramboni, Italian noblewoman (d. 1585)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_15", "text": "February 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_Fontanelli", "text": "Alfonso Fontanelli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1622", "text": "1622", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittoria_Accoramboni", "text": "Vittoria Accoramboni", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1585", "text": "1585", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Alfonso Fontanelli, Italian composer (d. 1622)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_Fontanelli", "text": "Alfonso Fontanelli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1622", "text": "1622", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Vittoria Accoramboni, Italian noblewoman (d. 1585)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vittoria_Accoramboni", "text": "Vittoria Accoramboni", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1585", "text": "1585", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 24 – Mathias, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1619)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_24", "text": "February 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathias,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Mathias, Holy Roman Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1619", "text": "1619", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 1 – Anne Howard, Countess of Arundel, English countess and poet (d. 1630)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1", "text": "March 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Howard,_Countess_of_Arundel", "text": "Anne Howard, Countess of Arundel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1630", "text": "1630", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 22 – Casimir VI, Duke of Pomerania and Lutheran Administrator of Cammin Prince-Bishopric (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_22", "text": "March 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casimir_VI,_Duke_of_Pomerania", "text": "Casimir VI, Duke of Pomerania", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 4 – Lew Sapieha, Polish-Lithuanian noble (d. 1633)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_4", "text": "April 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lew_Sapieha", "text": "Lew Sapieha", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1633", "text": "1633", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 11 – Frederick, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Vohenstrauss-Parkstein (d. 1597)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_11", "text": "April 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick,_Count_Palatine_of_Zweibrücken-Vohenstrauss-Parkstein", "text": "Frederick, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Vohenstrauss-Parkstein", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1597", "text": "1597", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 5 – Emanuel Philibert de Lalaing, Belgian noble and army commander (d. 1590)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_5", "text": "May 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emanuel_Philibert_de_Lalaing", "text": "Emanuel Philibert de Lalaing", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1590", "text": "1590", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 31 – Tsar Feodor I of Russia (d. 1598)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_31", "text": "May 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feodor_I_of_Russia", "text": "Feodor I of Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1598", "text": "1598", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 28 – Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (d. 1595)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_28", "text": "June 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Howard,_20th_Earl_of_Arundel", "text": "Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1595", "text": "1595", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 2 – At Colchester in England, 10 convicted Protestant heretics are burned at the stake.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_2", "text": "August 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colchester", "text": "Colchester", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 16 – Agostino Carracci, Italian painter and graphical artist (d. 1602)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_16", "text": "August 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agostino_Carracci", "text": "Agostino Carracci", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1602", "text": "1602", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 19 – Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1608)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_19", "text": "August 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_I,_Duke_of_Württemberg", "text": "Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1608", "text": "1608", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 26 – Sibylle of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg by birth and by marriage Margravine of Burgau (d. 1628)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_26", "text": "August 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibylle_of_Jülich-Cleves-Berg", "text": "Sibylle of Jülich-Cleves-Berg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 4 – Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, Danish-Norwegian royal consort (d. 1631)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_4", "text": "September 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophie_of_Mecklenburg-Güstrow", "text": "Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 11 – Joseph Calasanz, Spanish priest and founder of Piarists (d. 1648)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11", "text": "September 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Calasanz", "text": "Joseph Calasanz", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1648", "text": "1648", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 16 – Jacques Mauduit, French composer (d. 1627)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_16", "text": "September 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Mauduit", "text": "Jacques Mauduit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 5 – Antoine Favre, Savoisian lawyer, first President of the Sovereign Senate of Savoy (d. 1624)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_5", "text": "October 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Favre", "text": "Antoine Favre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1624", "text": "1624", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Giovanni Croce, Italian composer (d. 1609) Balthasar Gérard, assassin of William I of Orange (d. 1584) Toda Katsushige, Japanese warlord (d. 1600) Olaus Martini, Archbishop of Uppsala (d. 1609) Thomas Morley, English composer (d. 1602) Oda Nobutada, Japanese general (d. 1582)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Croce", "text": "Giovanni Croce", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1609", "text": "1609", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balthasar_Gérard", "text": "Balthasar Gérard", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_I_of_Orange", "text": "William I of Orange", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1584", "text": "1584", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toda_Katsushige", "text": "Toda Katsushige", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaus_Martini", "text": "Olaus Martini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Uppsala", "text": "Archbishop of Uppsala", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1609", "text": "1609", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Morley", "text": "Thomas Morley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1602", "text": "1602", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oda_Nobutada", "text": "Oda Nobutada", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582", "text": "1582", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Giovanni Croce, Italian composer (d. 1609)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Croce", "text": "Giovanni Croce", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1609", "text": "1609", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Balthasar Gérard, assassin of William I of Orange (d. 1584)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balthasar_Gérard", "text": "Balthasar Gérard", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_I_of_Orange", "text": "William I of Orange", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1584", "text": "1584", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Toda Katsushige, Japanese warlord (d. 1600)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toda_Katsushige", "text": "Toda Katsushige", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Olaus Martini, Archbishop of Uppsala (d. 1609)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaus_Martini", "text": "Olaus Martini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Uppsala", "text": "Archbishop of Uppsala", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1609", "text": "1609", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Thomas Morley, English composer (d. 1602)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Morley", "text": "Thomas Morley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1602", "text": "1602", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Oda Nobutada, Japanese general (d. 1582)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oda_Nobutada", "text": "Oda Nobutada", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1582", "text": "1582", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "probable – Giovanni Gabrieli, Italian composer and organist (d. 1612)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Gabrieli", "text": "Giovanni Gabrieli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1612", "text": "1612", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1558", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January or February – Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January", "text": "January", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February", "text": "February", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik_Goltzius", "text": "Hendrik Goltzius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 16 – Jakobea of Baden, Margravine of Baden by birth, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg by marriage (d. 1597)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_16", "text": "January 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakobea_of_Baden", "text": "Jakobea of Baden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1597", "text": "1597", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 29 – Paul Hentzner, German lawyer (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_29", "text": "January 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hentzner", "text": "Paul Hentzner", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 7 – Johann VII, Duke of Mecklenburg, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1576–1592) (d. 1592)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_7", "text": "March 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_VII,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg", "text": "Johann VII, Duke of Mecklenburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 30 – Mikołaj Oleśnicki the younger, Polish noble (d. 1629)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_30", "text": "April 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikołaj_Oleśnicki_the_younger", "text": "Mikołaj Oleśnicki the younger", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1629", "text": "1629", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 15 – Margrave Andrew of Burgau, German nobleman, Cardinal, Bishop of Constance and Brixen (d. 1600)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_15", "text": "June 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margrave_Andrew_of_Burgau", "text": "Margrave Andrew of Burgau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1600", "text": "1600", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 9 – David Origanus, German astronomer (d. 1628)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_9", "text": "July 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Origanus", "text": "David Origanus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 11 – Robert Greene, English dramatist (d. 1592)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_11", "text": "July 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Greene_(dramatist)", "text": "Robert Greene", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1592", "text": "1592", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 2 – Herman van den Bergh, Dutch soldier in the Eighty Years' War (d. 1611)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_2", "text": "August 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_van_den_Bergh", "text": "Herman van den Bergh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighty_Years'_War", "text": "Eighty Years' War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1611", "text": "1611", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 8 – George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland, English noble (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8", "text": "August 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Clifford,_3rd_Earl_of_Cumberland", "text": "George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 19 – François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_19", "text": "August 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François_de_Bourbon,_Prince_of_Conti", "text": "François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 9 – Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur, French soldier (d. 1602)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_9", "text": "September 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_Emmanuel,_Duke_of_Mercœur", "text": "Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercœur", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1602", "text": "1602", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 24 – Ralph Eure, 3rd Baron Eure, English politician (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_24", "text": "September 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Eure,_3rd_Baron_Eure", "text": "Ralph Eure, 3rd Baron Eure", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 12 – Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_12", "text": "October 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilian_III,_Archduke_of_Austria", "text": "Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 24 – Szymon Szymonowic, Polish writer (d. 1629)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_24", "text": "October 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szymon_Szymonowic", "text": "Szymon Szymonowic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1629", "text": "1629", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 30 – Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force, Marshal of France (d. 1652)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_30", "text": "October 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques-Nompar_de_Caumont,_duc_de_La_Force", "text": "Jacques-Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1652", "text": "1652", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 27 – Mingyi Swa, Crown Prince of Burma (d. 1593)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_27", "text": "November 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mingyi_Swa", "text": "Mingyi Swa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 3 – Gregorio Pagani, Italian painter (d. 1605)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_3", "text": "December 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Pagani", "text": "Gregorio Pagani", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1605", "text": "1605", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 8 – François de La Rochefoucauld, French Catholic cardinal (d. 1645)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_8", "text": "December 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François_de_La_Rochefoucauld_(cardinal)", "text": "François de La Rochefoucauld", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1645", "text": "1645", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 9 – André du Laurens, French physician (d. 1609)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_9", "text": "December 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/André_du_Laurens", "text": "André du Laurens", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1609", "text": "1609", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Meir Lublin, Polish rabbi (d. 1616) Kōriki Masanaga, Japanese military commander (d. 1599) Bessho Nagaharu, Japanese nobleman (d. 1580) Olivier van Noort, first Dutchman to circumnavigate the world (d. 1627) Chidiock Tichborne, English conspirator and poet (d. 1586) Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia (1593 – 1601) (d. 1601) Thomas Kyd, English playwright (d. 1594) Françoise de Cezelli, French war hero (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meir_Lublin", "text": "Meir Lublin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kōriki_Masanaga", "text": "Kōriki Masanaga", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1599", "text": "1599", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessho_Nagaharu", "text": "Bessho Nagaharu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1580", "text": "1580", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivier_van_Noort", "text": "Olivier van Noort", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chidiock_Tichborne", "text": "Chidiock Tichborne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1586", "text": "1586", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_the_Brave", "text": "Michael the Brave", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601", "text": "1601", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601", "text": "1601", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Kyd", "text": "Thomas Kyd", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1594", "text": "1594", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Françoise_de_Cezelli", "text": "Françoise de Cezelli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Meir Lublin, Polish rabbi (d. 1616)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meir_Lublin", "text": "Meir Lublin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1616", "text": "1616", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Kōriki Masanaga, Japanese military commander (d. 1599)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kōriki_Masanaga", "text": "Kōriki Masanaga", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1599", "text": "1599", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Bessho Nagaharu, Japanese nobleman (d. 1580)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bessho_Nagaharu", "text": "Bessho Nagaharu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1580", "text": "1580", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Olivier van Noort, first Dutchman to circumnavigate the world (d. 1627)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivier_van_Noort", "text": "Olivier van Noort", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1627", "text": "1627", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Chidiock Tichborne, English conspirator and poet (d. 1586)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chidiock_Tichborne", "text": "Chidiock Tichborne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1586", "text": "1586", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia (1593 – 1601) (d. 1601)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_the_Brave", "text": "Michael the Brave", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601", "text": "1601", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601", "text": "1601", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Thomas Kyd, English playwright (d. 1594)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Kyd", "text": "Thomas Kyd", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1594", "text": "1594", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Françoise de Cezelli, French war hero (d. 1615)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Françoise_de_Cezelli", "text": "Françoise de Cezelli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1615", "text": "1615", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "probable – Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons, French merchant (d. 1628)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Dugua,_Sieur_de_Mons", "text": "Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1628", "text": "1628", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1559", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 1 – Virginia Eriksdotter, Swedish noble (d. 1633)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_1", "text": "January 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Eriksdotter", "text": "Virginia Eriksdotter", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1633", "text": "1633", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 8 – William Helyar, English chaplain (d. 1645)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_8", "text": "January 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Helyar", "text": "William Helyar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1645", "text": "1645", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 25 – Aleixo de Menezes, Roman Catholic archbishop (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_25", "text": "January 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleixo_de_Menezes", "text": "Aleixo de Menezes", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 7 – Catherine de Bourbon, Princess of Navarre and Duchess consort of Lorraine (d. 1604)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_7", "text": "February 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_de_Bourbon", "text": "Catherine de Bourbon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1604", "text": "1604", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 18 – Isaac Casaubon, French-born classical scholar (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_18", "text": "February 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Casaubon", "text": "Isaac Casaubon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 19 – Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 1588)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_19", "text": "February 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden", "text": "Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1588", "text": "1588", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 21 – Nurhaci, Chinese emperor (d. 1626)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_21", "text": "February 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurhaci", "text": "Nurhaci", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_emperor", "text": "Chinese emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1626", "text": "1626", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 12 – Christoph Brouwer, Dutch historian (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_12", "text": "March 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph_Brouwer", "text": "Christoph Brouwer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 16 – Amar Singh I, eldest son and successor of Maharana Pratap of Mewar (d. 1620)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_16", "text": "March 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amar_Singh_I", "text": "Amar Singh I", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharana_Pratap", "text": "Maharana Pratap", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1620", "text": "1620", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 26 – Wolf Dietrich Raitenau, Prince-Bishop of Salzburg (d. 1617)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_26", "text": "March 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_Dietrich_Raitenau", "text": "Wolf Dietrich Raitenau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince-Bishop", "text": "Prince-Bishop", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1617", "text": "1617", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 4 – Alice Spencer, Countess of Derby, Baroness Ellesmere and Viscountess Brackley (d. 1637)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_4", "text": "May 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Spencer,_Countess_of_Derby,_Baroness_Ellesmere_and_Viscountess_Brackley", "text": "Alice Spencer, Countess of Derby, Baroness Ellesmere and Viscountess Brackley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1637", "text": "1637", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 12 Stanisław Radziwiłł, Grand Marshal of Lithuania (d. 1599) Johann Georg Gödelmann, German demonologist (d. 1611)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_12", "text": "May 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanisław_Radziwiłł", "text": "Stanisław Radziwiłł", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1599", "text": "1599", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Georg_Gödelmann", "text": "Johann Georg Gödelmann", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1611", "text": "1611", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Stanisław Radziwiłł, Grand Marshal of Lithuania (d. 1599)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanisław_Radziwiłł", "text": "Stanisław Radziwiłł", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1599", "text": "1599", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Johann Georg Gödelmann, German demonologist (d. 1611)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Georg_Gödelmann", "text": "Johann Georg Gödelmann", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1611", "text": "1611", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 2 – Margareta Brahe, Swedish political activist (d. 1638)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_2", "text": "July 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margareta_Brahe_(1559–1638)", "text": "Margareta Brahe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1638", "text": "1638", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 22 – Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian saint (d. 1619)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_22", "text": "July 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_of_Brindisi", "text": "Lawrence of Brindisi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1619", "text": "1619", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 27 – Countess Palatine Barbara of Zweibrücken-Neuburg and Countess consort of Oettingen-Oettingen (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_27", "text": "July 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countess_Palatine_Barbara_of_Zweibrücken-Neuburg", "text": "Countess Palatine Barbara of Zweibrücken-Neuburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 18 – Frederik van den Bergh, Dutch soldier in the Eighty Years' War (d. 1618)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_18", "text": "August 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederik_van_den_Bergh_(1559–1618)", "text": "Frederik van den Bergh", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighty_Years'_War", "text": "Eighty Years' War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1618", "text": "1618", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 24 or September 1556 – Sophia Brahe, Danish astronomer, horticulturalist (d. 1643)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_24", "text": "August 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September", "text": "September", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1556", "text": "1556", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia_Brahe", "text": "Sophia Brahe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1643", "text": "1643", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 21 – Cigoli, Italian painter (d. 1613)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21", "text": "September 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigoli", "text": "Cigoli", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 15 – Edmond Richer, French theologian (d. 1631)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_15", "text": "September 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Richer", "text": "Edmond Richer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1631", "text": "1631", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 12 or October 22 – Jacques Sirmond, French Jesuit scholar (d. 1651)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_12", "text": "October 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_22", "text": "October 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Sirmond", "text": "Jacques Sirmond", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1651", "text": "1651", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 11 – Tokuhime, Japanese noble (d. 1636)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_11", "text": "November 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokuhime_(1559–1636)", "text": "Tokuhime", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1636", "text": "1636", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 12 – Yaza Datu Kalaya, Crown Princess of Burma (d. 1603)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_12", "text": "November 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaza_Datu_Kalaya", "text": "Yaza Datu Kalaya", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1603", "text": "1603", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 13 – Al-Mansur al-Qasim, Imam of Yemen (d. 1620)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_13", "text": "November 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mansur_al-Qasim", "text": "Al-Mansur al-Qasim", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1620", "text": "1620", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 15 – Albert VII, Archduke of Austria, Governor of the Low Countries (d. 1621)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_15", "text": "November 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_VII,_Archduke_of_Austria", "text": "Albert VII, Archduke of Austria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1621", "text": "1621", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 14 – Lupercio Leonardo de Argensola, Spanish writer (d. 1613)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_14", "text": "December 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupercio_Leonardo_de_Argensola", "text": "Lupercio Leonardo de Argensola", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1613", "text": "1613", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown George Chapman, English dramatist (d. 1634) Ikeda Motosuke, Japanese military commander (d. 1584) John Penry, Welsh Protestant martyr (d. 1593) Honinbo Sansa, Japanese player of Go (d. 1623) John Spenser, president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Chapman", "text": "George Chapman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1634", "text": "1634", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1584", "text": "1584", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Penry", "text": "John Penry", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honinbo_Sansa", "text": "Honinbo Sansa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Spenser", "text": "John Spenser", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "George Chapman, English dramatist (d. 1634)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Chapman", "text": "George Chapman", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1634", "text": "1634", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ikeda Motosuke, Japanese military commander (d. 1584)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1584", "text": "1584", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Penry, Welsh Protestant martyr (d. 1593)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Penry", "text": "John Penry", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1593", "text": "1593", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Honinbo Sansa, Japanese player of Go (d. 1623)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honinbo_Sansa", "text": "Honinbo Sansa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1623", "text": "1623", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Spenser, president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford (d. 1614)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Spenser", "text": "John Spenser", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1614", "text": "1614", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Deaths", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1550", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 12 – Andrea Alciato, Italian jurist and writer (b. 1492)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_12", "text": "January 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Alciato", "text": "Andrea Alciato", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 22 – Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah, second ruler of Golconda", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_22", "text": "January 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamsheed_Quli_Qutb_Shah", "text": "Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 28 – Magnus III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Lutheran administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Schwerin (b. 1509)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_28", "text": "January 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnus_III_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin", "text": "Magnus III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1509", "text": "1509", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 22 – Francesco III Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (b. 1533)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_22", "text": "February 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_III_Gonzaga,_Duke_of_Mantua", "text": "Francesco III Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1533", "text": "1533", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 7 – William IV, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1493)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_7", "text": "March 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_IV,_Duke_of_Bavaria", "text": "William IV, Duke of Bavaria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1493", "text": "1493", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 8 – John of God, Spanish friar and saint (b. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_8", "text": "March 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_God", "text": "John of God", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 12 – Claude, Duke of Guise, French soldier (b. 1496)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_12", "text": "April 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude,_Duke_of_Guise", "text": "Claude, Duke of Guise", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1496", "text": "1496", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 13 – Innocenzo Cybo, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1491)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_13", "text": "April 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innocenzo_Cybo", "text": "Innocenzo Cybo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491", "text": "1491", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 30 – King Tabinshwehti of Burma (b. 1516)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_30", "text": "April 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabinshwehti", "text": "Tabinshwehti", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 18 – Jean, Cardinal of Lorraine, French churchman (b. 1498)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_18", "text": "May 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean,_Cardinal_of_Lorraine", "text": "Jean, Cardinal of Lorraine", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 20 – Ashikaga Yoshiharu, Japanese shōgun (b. 1511)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_20", "text": "May 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshiharu", "text": "Ashikaga Yoshiharu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1511", "text": "1511", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 13 – Veronica Gambara, Italian poet (b. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_13", "text": "June 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veronica_Gambara", "text": "Veronica Gambara", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 19 (probable date) – Jacopo Bonfadio, Italian historian, executed (b. c. 1508)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_19", "text": "July 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacopo_Bonfadio", "text": "Jacopo Bonfadio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1508", "text": "1508", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 22 – Jorge de Lencastre, Duke of Coimbra (b. 1481)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_22", "text": "July 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_de_Lencastre,_Duke_of_Coimbra", "text": "Jorge de Lencastre, Duke of Coimbra", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1481", "text": "1481", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 30 – Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician (b. 1505)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_30", "text": "July 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Wriothesley,_1st_Earl_of_Southampton", "text": "Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1505", "text": "1505", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 18 – Antonio Ferramolino, Italian architect and military engineer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_18", "text": "August 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Ferramolino", "text": "Antonio Ferramolino", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 20 – Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria (b. 1488)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_20", "text": "October 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand,_Duke_of_Calabria", "text": "Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1488", "text": "1488", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 23 – Tiedemann Giese, Polish Catholic bishop (b. 1480)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_23", "text": "October 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiedemann_Giese", "text": "Tiedemann Giese", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1480", "text": "1480", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 24 – Louis of Valois, French prince (b. 1549)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_24", "text": "October 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_of_Valois_(1549-1550)", "text": "Louis of Valois", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1549", "text": "1549", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 26 – Samuel Maciejowski, Polish Catholic bishop (b. 1499)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_26", "text": "October 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Maciejowski", "text": "Samuel Maciejowski", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1499", "text": "1499", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 6 – Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_6", "text": "November 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulrich,_Duke_of_Württemberg", "text": "Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 7 – Jón Arason, last Catholic bishop of Iceland (b. 1484)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_7", "text": "November 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jón_Arason", "text": "Jón Arason", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland", "text": "Iceland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1484", "text": "1484", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 6 – Pieter Coecke van Aelst, Flemish painter (b. 1502)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_6", "text": "December 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieter_Coecke_van_Aelst", "text": "Pieter Coecke van Aelst", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 8 – Gian Giorgio Trissino, Italian humanist, poet, dramatist and diplomat (b. 1478)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_8", "text": "December 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gian_Giorgio_Trissino", "text": "Gian Giorgio Trissino", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1478", "text": "1478", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 29 – Bhuvanaikabahu VII, King of Kotte (b. 1468)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_29", "text": "December 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhuvanaikabahu_VII_of_Kotte", "text": "Bhuvanaikabahu VII", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1468", "text": "1468", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown – Aq Kubek of Astrakhan, ruler of Astrakhan Khanate", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aq_Kubek_of_Astrakhan", "text": "Aq Kubek of Astrakhan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1551", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 4 – John V, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, Prince of Anahlt-Dessau (1516–1544) and Anhalt-Zerbst (1544–1551) (b. 1504)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4", "text": "February 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_V,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Zerbst", "text": "John V, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1504", "text": "1504", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 28 – Martin Bucer, German Protestant reformer (b. 1491)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_28", "text": "February 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Bucer", "text": "Martin Bucer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491", "text": "1491", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 6 – Joachim Vadian, Swiss humanist (b. 1484)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_6", "text": "April 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim_Vadian", "text": "Joachim Vadian", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1484", "text": "1484", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 8 – Oda Nobuhide, Japanese warlord (b. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_8", "text": "April 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oda_Nobuhide", "text": "Oda Nobuhide", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 8 – Barbara Radziwiłł, queen of Sigismund II of Poland (b. 1523)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_8", "text": "May 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Radziwiłł", "text": "Barbara Radziwiłł", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigismund_II_of_Poland", "text": "Sigismund II of Poland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1523", "text": "1523", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 17 – Shin Saimdang, Korean artist, calligrapher and writer (b. 1504)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_17", "text": "May 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shin_Saimdang", "text": "Shin Saimdang", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1504", "text": "1504", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 18 – Domenico di Pace Beccafumi, Italian painter (b. 1486)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_18", "text": "May 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domenico_di_Pace_Beccafumi", "text": "Domenico di Pace Beccafumi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1486", "text": "1486", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 24 – Charles II de Croÿ, Belgian duke (b. 1522)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_24", "text": "June 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_de_Croÿ", "text": "Charles II de Croÿ", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1522", "text": "1522", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July – Adriaen Isenbrandt, Flemish painter (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adriaen_Isenbrandt", "text": "Adriaen Isenbrandt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 13 – John Wallop, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_13", "text": "July 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wallop", "text": "John Wallop", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 14 – Henry Brandon, 2nd Duke of Suffolk (b. 1535)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_14", "text": "July 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Brandon,_2nd_Duke_of_Suffolk", "text": "Henry Brandon, 2nd Duke of Suffolk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1535", "text": "1535", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 8 – Fray Tomás de Berlanga, Bishop of Panama (b. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8", "text": "August 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fray_Tomás_de_Berlanga", "text": "Fray Tomás de Berlanga", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 12 – Paul Speratus, German Lutheran (b. 1484)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_12", "text": "August 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Speratus", "text": "Paul Speratus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1484", "text": "1484", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 26 – Margaret Leijonhufvud, queen of Gustav I of Sweden (b. 1516)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_26", "text": "August 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Leijonhufvud", "text": "Margaret Leijonhufvud", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_I_of_Sweden", "text": "Gustav I of Sweden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 30 – Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (b. 1507)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_30", "text": "September 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ōuchi_Yoshitaka", "text": "Ōuchi Yoshitaka", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1507", "text": "1507", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 20 – Hindal Mirza, Mughal Empire emperor (b. 1519)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_20", "text": "November 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindal_Mirza", "text": "Hindal Mirza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1519", "text": "1519", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Sagara Taketō, Japanese samurai (b. 1498) Helena Ungler, Polish printer Alice Arden, English murderer (b. 1516; executed by burning)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagara_Taketō", "text": "Sagara Taketō", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena_Ungler", "text": "Helena Ungler", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Arden", "text": "Alice Arden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sagara Taketō, Japanese samurai (b. 1498)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagara_Taketō", "text": "Sagara Taketō", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Helena Ungler, Polish printer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena_Ungler", "text": "Helena Ungler", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Alice Arden, English murderer (b. 1516; executed by burning)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Arden", "text": "Alice Arden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1552", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 3 – Henry of the Palatinate, bishop of Utrecht (b. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_3", "text": "January 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_of_the_Palatinate", "text": "Henry of the Palatinate", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 10 – Johann Cochlaeus, German humanist and controversialist (b. 1479)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_10", "text": "January 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Cochlaeus", "text": "Johann Cochlaeus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1479", "text": "1479", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 22 – Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, English politician (b. 1509)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_22", "text": "January 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset", "text": "Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1509", "text": "1509", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 6 – Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1479)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_6", "text": "February 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_V,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg", "text": "Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1479", "text": "1479", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 20 – Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke, English countess (b. 1515)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_20", "text": "February 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Parr,_Countess_of_Pembroke", "text": "Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1515", "text": "1515", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 26 – Heinrich Faber, German composer (b. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_26", "text": "February 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Faber", "text": "Heinrich Faber", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 29 – Guru Angad, Indian religious leader (b. 1504)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_29", "text": "March 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Angad", "text": "Guru Angad", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1504", "text": "1504", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 19 – Olaus Petri, Swedish clergyman (b. 1493)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_19", "text": "April 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaus_Petri", "text": "Olaus Petri", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1493", "text": "1493", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 18 – John Leland, English historian (b. 1502)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_18", "text": "April 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Leland_(antiquary)", "text": "John Leland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 21 – Petrus Apianus, German astronomer (b. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_21", "text": "April 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Apianus", "text": "Petrus Apianus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 26 – Sebastian Münster, German cartographer and cosmographer (b. 1488)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_26", "text": "May 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian_Münster", "text": "Sebastian Münster", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1488", "text": "1488", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 10 – Alexander Barclay, British poet (b. 1476)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10", "text": "June 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Barclay", "text": "Alexander Barclay", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1476", "text": "1476", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 9 – György Szondy, Hungarian soldier", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_9", "text": "July 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/György_Szondy", "text": "György Szondy", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 15 – Hermann of Wied, German Catholic archbishop (b. 1477)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_15", "text": "August 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_of_Wied", "text": "Hermann of Wied", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1477", "text": "1477", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 23 – Barbara of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, Landgravine of Leuchtenberg (b. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_23", "text": "September 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_of_Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach", "text": "Barbara of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 14 – Oswald Myconius, Swiss Protestant reformer (b. 1488)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_14", "text": "October 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswald_Myconius", "text": "Oswald Myconius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1488", "text": "1488", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 17 – Andreas Osiander, German Protestant theologian (b. 1498)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_17", "text": "October 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Osiander", "text": "Andreas Osiander", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 10 – Günther XL, Count of Schwarzburg (b. 1499)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_10", "text": "November 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Günther_XL,_Count_of_Schwarzburg", "text": "Günther XL, Count of Schwarzburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1499", "text": "1499", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 3 – Francis Xavier, Spanish Jesuit missionary and saint (b. 1506)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_3", "text": "December 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Xavier", "text": "Francis Xavier", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesuit", "text": "Jesuit", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1506", "text": "1506", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 20 – Katharina von Bora, wife of Martin Luther (b. 1499)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_20", "text": "December 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katharina_von_Bora", "text": "Katharina von Bora", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther", "text": "Martin Luther", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1499", "text": "1499", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1553", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 13 – George II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels, Count of Glatz (b. 1512)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_13", "text": "January 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_II,_Duke_of_Münsterberg-Oels", "text": "George II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1512", "text": "1512", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 4 – Caspar Othmayr, German Protestant priest, theologian and composer (b. 1515)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4", "text": "February 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspar_Othmayr", "text": "Caspar Othmayr", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1515", "text": "1515", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 6 – Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (b. 1482)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_6", "text": "February 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest,_Margrave_of_Baden-Durlach", "text": "Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1482", "text": "1482", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 8 – John Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Coburg, (b. 1521)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_8", "text": "February 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ernest,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg", "text": "John Ernest, Duke of Saxe-Coburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1521", "text": "1521", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 17 – Chamaraja Wodeyar III, King of Mysore (b. 1492)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_17", "text": "February 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamaraja_Wodeyar_III", "text": "Chamaraja Wodeyar III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 19 – Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1511)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_19", "text": "February 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erasmus_Reinhold", "text": "Erasmus Reinhold", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1511", "text": "1511", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 25 – Hirate Masahide, Japanese diplomat and tutor of Oda Nobunaga (suicide) (b. 1492)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_25", "text": "February 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirate_Masahide", "text": "Hirate Masahide", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oda_Nobunaga", "text": "Oda Nobunaga", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April – Minkhaung of Prome, last king of Prome in Burma (Myanmar)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minkhaung_of_Prome", "text": "Minkhaung of Prome", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prome_Kingdom", "text": "Prome", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 9 – François Rabelais, French writer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_9", "text": "April 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/François_Rabelais", "text": "François Rabelais", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 5 – Erasmus Alberus, German humanist (b. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_5", "text": "May 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erasmus_Alberus", "text": "Erasmus Alberus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 28 – Johannes Aal, Swiss theologian (b. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_28", "text": "May 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Aal", "text": "Johannes Aal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 26 – Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia, Grand Prince of Moscow (b. 1552)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_26", "text": "June 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsarevich_Dmitry_Ivanovich_of_Russia_(1552–1553)", "text": "Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1552", "text": "1552", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 6 – King Edward VI of England (b. 1537)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6", "text": "July 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England", "text": "Edward VI of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1537", "text": "1537", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 9 – Maurice, Elector of Saxony (b. 1521)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_9", "text": "July 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice,_Elector_of_Saxony", "text": "Maurice, Elector of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1521", "text": "1521", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 16 – Bernardino Maffei, Catholic cardinal (b. 1514)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_16", "text": "July 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardino_Maffei", "text": "Bernardino Maffei", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1514", "text": "1514", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 6 – Girolamo Fracastoro, Italian physician (b. 1478)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_6", "text": "August 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girolamo_Fracastoro", "text": "Girolamo Fracastoro", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1478", "text": "1478", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 17 – Charles III, Duke of Savoy (b. 1486)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_17", "text": "August 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_III,_Duke_of_Savoy", "text": "Charles III, Duke of Savoy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1486", "text": "1486", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 22 – John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland (b. 1502; executed)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_22", "text": "August 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dudley,_1st_Duke_of_Northumberland", "text": "John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 6 – Juan de Homedes y Coscon, 47th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. c. 1477)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_6", "text": "September 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_de_Homedes_y_Coscon", "text": "Juan de Homedes y Coscon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller", "text": "Knights Hospitaller", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1477", "text": "1477", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 6 – Şehzade Mustafa, Suleiman the Magnificent's first-born son by Mahidevran Hatun (b. 1515)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_6", "text": "October 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Şehzade_Mustafa", "text": "Şehzade Mustafa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1515", "text": "1515", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 7 – Cristóbal de Morales, Spanish composer (b. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_7", "text": "October 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristóbal_de_Morales", "text": "Cristóbal de Morales", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 16 – Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter (b. 1472)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_16", "text": "October 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucas_Cranach_the_Elder", "text": "Lucas Cranach the Elder", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1472", "text": "1472", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 17 – George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince (b. 1507)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_17", "text": "October 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_III,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Dessau", "text": "George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1507", "text": "1507", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 27 – Michael Servetus, Spanish Protestant theologian (burned at the stake) (b. 1511)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_27", "text": "October 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Servetus", "text": "Michael Servetus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1511", "text": "1511", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 28 – Giovanni Salviati, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_28", "text": "October 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Salviati", "text": "Giovanni Salviati", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 30 – Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck, German statesman and reformer (b. 1489)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_30", "text": "October 30", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Sturm_von_Sturmeck", "text": "Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1489", "text": "1489", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 15 – Lucrezia de' Medici, Italian noblewoman (b. 1470)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_15", "text": "November 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucrezia_de'_Medici_(1470–1553)", "text": "Lucrezia de' Medici", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1470", "text": "1470", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 23 – Sebastiano Antonio Pighini, Italian cardinal (b. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_23", "text": "November 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastiano_Antonio_Pighini", "text": "Sebastiano Antonio Pighini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 27 – Şehzade Cihangir, Ottoman prince (b. 1531)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_27", "text": "November 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Şehzade_Cihangir", "text": "Şehzade Cihangir", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1531", "text": "1531", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 3 – Ludwig of Hanau-Lichtenberg, German nobleman (b. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_3", "text": "December 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_of_Hanau-Lichtenberg", "text": "Ludwig of Hanau-Lichtenberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 25 – Pedro de Valdivia, Spanish conquistador (b. 1497)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_25", "text": "December 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia", "text": "Pedro de Valdivia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1497", "text": "1497", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown George Joye, English Protestant Bible translator (b. c. 1495) Gunilla Bese, Finnish noble and fiefholder (b. 1475)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Joye", "text": "George Joye", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant", "text": "Protestant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Bible_translators", "text": "Bible translator", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunilla_Bese", "text": "Gunilla Bese", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1475", "text": "1475", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "George Joye, English Protestant Bible translator (b. c. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Joye", "text": "George Joye", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant", "text": "Protestant", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Bible_translators", "text": "Bible translator", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Gunilla Bese, Finnish noble and fiefholder (b. 1475)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunilla_Bese", "text": "Gunilla Bese", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1475", "text": "1475", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1554", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 2 – João Manuel, Prince of Portugal, Portuguese prince (b. 1537)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_2", "text": "January 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/João_Manuel,_Prince_of_Portugal", "text": "João Manuel, Prince of Portugal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1537", "text": "1537", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 11 – Min Bin, king of Arakan (b. 1493)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_11", "text": "January 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_Bin", "text": "Min Bin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1493", "text": "1493", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 16 Christiern Pedersen, Danish humanist (b. c. 1480) Ambrosius Moibanus, German theologian (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_16", "text": "January 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiern_Pedersen", "text": "Christiern Pedersen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1480", "text": "1480", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosius_Moibanus", "text": "Ambrosius Moibanus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Christiern Pedersen, Danish humanist (b. c. 1480)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiern_Pedersen", "text": "Christiern Pedersen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1480", "text": "1480", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ambrosius Moibanus, German theologian (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosius_Moibanus", "text": "Ambrosius Moibanus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 12 Lord Guildford Dudley, consort of Lady Jane Grey (executed) (b. 1536) Lady Jane Grey, claimant to the throne of England (executed) (b. 1537)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_12", "text": "February 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Guildford_Dudley", "text": "Lord Guildford Dudley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey", "text": "Lady Jane Grey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1536", "text": "1536", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey", "text": "Lady Jane Grey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1537", "text": "1537", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lord Guildford Dudley, consort of Lady Jane Grey (executed) (b. 1536)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Guildford_Dudley", "text": "Lord Guildford Dudley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey", "text": "Lady Jane Grey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1536", "text": "1536", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lady Jane Grey, claimant to the throne of England (executed) (b. 1537)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey", "text": "Lady Jane Grey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1537", "text": "1537", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 21 Hieronymus Bock, German botanist (b. 1498) Sibylle of Cleves, Electress consort of Saxony (b. 1512)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_21", "text": "February 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronymus_Bock", "text": "Hieronymus Bock", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibylle_of_Cleves", "text": "Sibylle of Cleves", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1512", "text": "1512", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Hieronymus Bock, German botanist (b. 1498)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronymus_Bock", "text": "Hieronymus Bock", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sibylle of Cleves, Electress consort of Saxony (b. 1512)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibylle_of_Cleves", "text": "Sibylle of Cleves", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1512", "text": "1512", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 23 – Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician (executed) (b. c. 1515)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_23", "text": "February 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grey,_1st_Duke_of_Suffolk", "text": "Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1515", "text": "1515", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 3 – John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_3", "text": "March 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Frederick_I,_Elector_of_Saxony", "text": "John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 11 – Thomas Wyatt the Younger, English rebel (executed) (b. 1521)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_11", "text": "April 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Wyatt_the_Younger", "text": "Thomas Wyatt the Younger", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1521", "text": "1521", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 23 – Gaspara Stampa, Italian poet (b. 1523)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_23", "text": "April 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspara_Stampa", "text": "Gaspara Stampa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1523", "text": "1523", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 2 – William Waldegrave, English Member of Parliament (b. 1507)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_2", "text": "May 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Waldegrave_(died_1554)", "text": "William Waldegrave", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1507", "text": "1507", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 19 Sixt Birck, German humanist (b. 1501) Philip II, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken, German noble (b. 1509)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_19", "text": "June 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixt_Birck", "text": "Sixt Birck", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1501", "text": "1501", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II,_Count_of_Nassau-Saarbrücken", "text": "Philip II, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1509", "text": "1509", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sixt Birck, German humanist (b. 1501)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixt_Birck", "text": "Sixt Birck", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1501", "text": "1501", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Philip II, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken, German noble (b. 1509)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II,_Count_of_Nassau-Saarbrücken", "text": "Philip II, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1509", "text": "1509", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 28 – Leone Strozzi, French Navy admiral (b. 1515)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_28", "text": "June 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leone_Strozzi", "text": "Leone Strozzi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1515", "text": "1515", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 25 – Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1473)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_25", "text": "August 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_3rd_Duke_of_Norfolk", "text": "Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1473", "text": "1473", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 22 – Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, Spanish conquistador (b. c. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_22", "text": "September 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Vázquez_de_Coronado", "text": "Francisco Vázquez de Coronado", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 22 – Alessandro Bonvicino, Italian painter (b. 1498)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_22", "text": "December 22", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Bonvicino", "text": "Alessandro Bonvicino", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December – John Taylor, Bishop of Lincoln (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December", "text": "December", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Taylor_(bishop_of_Lincoln)", "text": "John Taylor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "approx. date – Susannah Hornebolt, English artist (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susannah_Hornebolt", "text": "Susannah Hornebolt", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Argula von Grumbach, German Protestant reformer (b. 1492) Leo Africanus, Andalusian Berber writer (b. 1485) Sebastiano Serlio, Italian architect (b. 1475) Sir Hugh Willoughby, English Arctic explorer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argula_von_Grumbach", "text": "Argula von Grumbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Africanus", "text": "Leo Africanus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastiano_Serlio", "text": "Sebastiano Serlio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1475", "text": "1475", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Willoughby", "text": "Hugh Willoughby", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Argula von Grumbach, German Protestant reformer (b. 1492)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argula_von_Grumbach", "text": "Argula von Grumbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Leo Africanus, Andalusian Berber writer (b. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Africanus", "text": "Leo Africanus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sebastiano Serlio, Italian architect (b. 1475)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastiano_Serlio", "text": "Sebastiano Serlio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1475", "text": "1475", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sir Hugh Willoughby, English Arctic explorer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Willoughby", "text": "Hugh Willoughby", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1555", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 14 – Jacques Dubois, French anatomist (b. 1478)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_14", "text": "January 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Dubois", "text": "Jacques Dubois", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1478", "text": "1478", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 4 – John Rogers, English clergyman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1505)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_4", "text": "February 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Rogers_(Bible_editor_and_martyr)", "text": "John Rogers", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1505", "text": "1505", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 8 – Laurence Saunders, English clergyman (burned at the stake) (b. 1519)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_8", "text": "February 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence_Saunders", "text": "Laurence Saunders", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1519", "text": "1519", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 9 Christian Egenolff, German printer (b. 1502) John Hooper, English churchman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1497) Rowland Taylor, English Protestant martyr (burned at the stake) (b. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_9", "text": "February 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Egenolff", "text": "Christian Egenolff", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hooper_(bishop)", "text": "John Hooper", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1497", "text": "1497", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowland_Taylor", "text": "Rowland Taylor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Christian Egenolff, German printer (b. 1502)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Egenolff", "text": "Christian Egenolff", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Hooper, English churchman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1497)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hooper_(bishop)", "text": "John Hooper", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1497", "text": "1497", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Rowland Taylor, English Protestant martyr (burned at the stake) (b. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowland_Taylor", "text": "Rowland Taylor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 17 – Giuliano Bugiardini, Italian painter (b. 1475)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_17", "text": "February 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuliano_Bugiardini", "text": "Giuliano Bugiardini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1475", "text": "1475", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 14 – John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (b. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_14", "text": "March 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Russell,_1st_Earl_of_Bedford", "text": "John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 23 – Pope Julius III (b. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_23", "text": "March 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_III", "text": "Pope Julius III", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 27 – Al-Mutawakkil Yahya Sharaf ad-Din, Imam of the Zaidi state in Yemen (b. 1473)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_27", "text": "March 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Mutawakkil_Yahya_Sharaf_ad-Din", "text": "Al-Mutawakkil Yahya Sharaf ad-Din", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1473", "text": "1473", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 12 – Queen Joanna of Castile, long under confinement (b. 1479)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_12", "text": "April 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanna_of_Castile", "text": "Joanna of Castile", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1479", "text": "1479", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 18 – Polydore Vergil, English historian (b. 1470)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_18", "text": "April 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polydore_Vergil", "text": "Polydore Vergil", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1470", "text": "1470", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 1 – Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1", "text": "May 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Marcellus_II", "text": "Pope Marcellus II", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1501", "text": "1501", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 21 – George III, Landgrave of Leuchtenberg (b. 1502)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_21", "text": "May 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_III,_Landgrave_of_Leuchtenberg", "text": "George III, Landgrave of Leuchtenberg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 25 Gemma Frisius, Dutch mathematician and cartographer (b. 1508) Henry II of Navarre (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_25", "text": "May 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemma_Frisius", "text": "Gemma Frisius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1508", "text": "1508", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre", "text": "Henry II of Navarre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Gemma Frisius, Dutch mathematician and cartographer (b. 1508)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemma_Frisius", "text": "Gemma Frisius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1508", "text": "1508", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Henry II of Navarre (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_Navarre", "text": "Henry II of Navarre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 10 – Elizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg (1502–1535) (b. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10", "text": "June 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_of_Denmark,_Electress_of_Brandenburg", "text": "Elizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 8 – Thomas of Villanova, Spanish Roman Catholic bishop and saint (b. 1488)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_8", "text": "September 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_of_Villanova", "text": "Thomas of Villanova", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic", "text": "Roman Catholic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1488", "text": "1488", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 5 – Edward Wotton, English zoologist (b. 1492)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_5", "text": "October 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Wotton_(zoologist)", "text": "Edward Wotton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 9 – Justus Jonas, German Protestant reformer (b. 1493)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_9", "text": "October 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justus_Jonas", "text": "Justus Jonas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1493", "text": "1493", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 16 Hugh Latimer, English clergyman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1487) Nicholas Ridley, English clergyman (burned at the stake) Sue Harukata, Japanese retainer under the Ouchi clan (b. 1521)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_16", "text": "October 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Latimer", "text": "Hugh Latimer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Ridley_(martyr)", "text": "Nicholas Ridley", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sue_Harukata", "text": "Sue Harukata", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouchi_clan", "text": "Ouchi clan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1521", "text": "1521", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Hugh Latimer, English clergyman (burned at the stake) (b. c. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Latimer", "text": "Hugh Latimer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Nicholas Ridley, English clergyman (burned at the stake)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Ridley_(martyr)", "text": "Nicholas Ridley", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sue Harukata, Japanese retainer under the Ouchi clan (b. 1521)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sue_Harukata", "text": "Sue Harukata", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouchi_clan", "text": "Ouchi clan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1521", "text": "1521", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 26 – Olympia Fulvia Morata, Italian classical scholar (b. 1526)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_26", "text": "October 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympia_Fulvia_Morata", "text": "Olympia Fulvia Morata", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1526", "text": "1526", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 4 – Agnes of Hesse, German nobleman, by marriage, Princess of Saxony (b. 1527)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_4", "text": "November 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_of_Hesse", "text": "Agnes of Hesse", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1527", "text": "1527", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 12 Stephen Gardiner, English bishop and Lord Chancellor (b. 1493) Yang Jisheng, Ming Chinese statesman (beheaded) (b. 1516) Zhang Jing, Ming Chinese general (beheaded)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_12", "text": "November 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Gardiner", "text": "Stephen Gardiner", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1493", "text": "1493", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang_Jisheng_(statesman)", "text": "Yang Jisheng", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Jing_(Ming_dynasty)", "text": "Zhang Jing", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Stephen Gardiner, English bishop and Lord Chancellor (b. 1493)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Gardiner", "text": "Stephen Gardiner", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1493", "text": "1493", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Yang Jisheng, Ming Chinese statesman (beheaded) (b. 1516)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang_Jisheng_(statesman)", "text": "Yang Jisheng", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Zhang Jing, Ming Chinese general (beheaded)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Jing_(Ming_dynasty)", "text": "Zhang Jing", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 21 – Georgius Agricola, German scientist (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_21", "text": "November 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgius_Agricola", "text": "Georgius Agricola", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December – Stanisław Kostka, Polish noble (b. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December", "text": "December", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanisław_Kostka_(1475–1555)", "text": "Stanisław Kostka", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 9 – Elisabeth of Culemborg, German noble (b. 1475)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_9", "text": "December 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Culemborg", "text": "Elisabeth of Culemborg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1475", "text": "1475", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1556", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 8 – Anne Shelton, English courtier, elder sister of Thomas Boleyn (b. 1475)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_8", "text": "January 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Shelton_(courtier)", "text": "Anne Shelton", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1475", "text": "1475", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 27 – Humayun, 2nd Mughal Emperor (b. 1508)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_27", "text": "January 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humayun", "text": "Humayun", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mughal_Emperor", "text": "Mughal Emperor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1508", "text": "1508", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 12 – Giovanni Poggio, Italian cardinal and diplomat (b. 1493)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_12", "text": "February 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Poggio", "text": "Giovanni Poggio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1493", "text": "1493", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 26 – Frederick II, Elector Palatine (1544–1556) (b. 1482)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_26", "text": "February 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_II,_Elector_Palatine", "text": "Frederick II, Elector Palatine", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1482", "text": "1482", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 21 – Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury (burned at the stake) (b. 1489)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_21", "text": "March 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer", "text": "Thomas Cranmer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury", "text": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1489", "text": "1489", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 18 Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet and statesman (b. 1495) John Gage, English courtier of the Tudor period (b. 1479)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_18", "text": "April 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luigi_Alamanni", "text": "Luigi Alamanni", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gage_(Tudor_politician)", "text": "John Gage", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1479", "text": "1479", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet and statesman (b. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luigi_Alamanni", "text": "Luigi Alamanni", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "John Gage, English courtier of the Tudor period (b. 1479)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gage_(Tudor_politician)", "text": "John Gage", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1479", "text": "1479", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 26 – Valentin Friedland, German scholar and educationist of the Reformation (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_26", "text": "April 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentin_Friedland", "text": "Valentin Friedland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 4 – Luca Ghini, Italian physician and botanist (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_4", "text": "May 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luca_Ghini", "text": "Luca Ghini", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 28 – Saitō Dōsan, Japanese warlord (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_28", "text": "May 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saitō_Dōsan", "text": "Saitō Dōsan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 10 – Martin Agricola, German composer (b. 1486)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10", "text": "June 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Agricola", "text": "Martin Agricola", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1486", "text": "1486", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 24 – Joan of Valois, French princess (b. 1556)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_24", "text": "June 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Valois_(1556)", "text": "Joan of Valois", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 31 – Ignatius of Loyola, Spanish founder of the Jesuit order and saint (b. 1491)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_31", "text": "July 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola", "text": "Ignatius of Loyola", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491", "text": "1491", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 1 – Girolamo da Carpi, Italian painter (b. 1501)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_1", "text": "August 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girolamo_da_Carpi", "text": "Girolamo da Carpi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1501", "text": "1501", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 11 – John Bell, Bishop of Worcester", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_11", "text": "August 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bell_(bishop_of_Worcester)", "text": "John Bell", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 17 – Victoria of Valois, French princess (b. 1556)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_17", "text": "August 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_of_Valois", "text": "Victoria of Valois", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September – Patrick Hepburn, 3rd Earl of Bothwell, Scottish traitor (b. 1512)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September", "text": "September", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Hepburn,_3rd_Earl_of_Bothwell", "text": "Patrick Hepburn, 3rd Earl of Bothwell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1512", "text": "1512", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 7 – Frederick of Denmark, Prince-bishop (b. 1532)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_7", "text": "October 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_of_Denmark_(bishop)", "text": "Frederick of Denmark", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1532", "text": "1532", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 21 – Pietro Aretino, Italian author (b. 1492)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_21", "text": "October 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Aretino", "text": "Pietro Aretino", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 10 – Richard Chancellor, English Arctic explorer (drowned at sea) (b. c. 1521)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_10", "text": "November 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Chancellor", "text": "Richard Chancellor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1521", "text": "1521", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 14 – Giovanni della Casa, Italian poet (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_14", "text": "November 14", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_della_Casa", "text": "Giovanni della Casa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Tullia d'Aragona, Italian poet, author and philosopher (b. 1510) Fuzûlî, Turkish poet (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tullia_d'Aragona", "text": "Tullia d'Aragona", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzûlî", "text": "Fuzûlî", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Tullia d'Aragona, Italian poet, author and philosopher (b. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tullia_d'Aragona", "text": "Tullia d'Aragona", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Fuzûlî, Turkish poet (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzûlî", "text": "Fuzûlî", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "probable Brian mac Cathaoir O Conchobhair Failghe, last of the Kings of Ui Failghe Jacob Clemens non Papa, Flemish composer (b. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kings_of_Ui_Failghe", "text": "Kings of Ui Failghe", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Clemens_non_Papa", "text": "Jacob Clemens non Papa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brian mac Cathaoir O Conchobhair Failghe, last of the Kings of Ui Failghe", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kings_of_Ui_Failghe", "text": "Kings of Ui Failghe", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Jacob Clemens non Papa, Flemish composer (b. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Clemens_non_Papa", "text": "Jacob Clemens non Papa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1557", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 2 – Pontormo, Italian painter (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_2", "text": "January 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontormo", "text": "Pontormo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 4 – Philip, Duke of Mecklenburg, (b. 1514)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_4", "text": "January 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip,_Duke_of_Mecklenburg", "text": "Philip, Duke of Mecklenburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1514", "text": "1514", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 8 – Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (\"Albert the Warlike\"), Prince of Bayreuth (b. 1522)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_8", "text": "January 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Alcibiades,_Margrave_of_Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "text": "Albert Alcibiades, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1522", "text": "1522", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 13 – Louis de Bourbon de Vendôme, French cardinal (b. 1493)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_13", "text": "March 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Bourbon_de_Vendôme", "text": "Louis de Bourbon de Vendôme", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1493", "text": "1493", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 9 – Mikael Agricola, Finnish scholar (b. c. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_9", "text": "April 9", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikael_Agricola", "text": "Mikael Agricola", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 24 – Georg Rörer, German theologian (b. 1492)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_24", "text": "April 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Rörer", "text": "Georg Rörer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 29 – Lautaro, Mapuche warrior (b. 1534)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_29", "text": "April 29", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lautaro", "text": "Lautaro", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1534", "text": "1534", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 18 – John II, Count Palatine of Simmern, Count Palatine of Simmern (1509-1557) (b. 1492)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_18", "text": "May 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_II,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern", "text": "John II, Count Palatine of Simmern", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1492", "text": "1492", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 10 – Leandro Bassano, Italian painter (d. 1622)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10", "text": "June 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leandro_Bassano", "text": "Leandro Bassano", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1622", "text": "1622", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 11 – King John III of Portugal (b. 1502)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_11", "text": "June 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_III_of_Portugal", "text": "John III of Portugal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 10 – Giovanni Battista Ramusio, Italian geographer (b. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_10", "text": "July 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Ramusio", "text": "Giovanni Battista Ramusio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 16 – Anne of Cleves, fourth queen of Henry VIII of England (b. 1515)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_16", "text": "July 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_of_Cleves", "text": "Anne of Cleves", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England", "text": "Henry VIII of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1515", "text": "1515", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 1 – Olaus Magnus, Swedish ecclesiastic and writer (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_1", "text": "August 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olaus_Magnus", "text": "Olaus Magnus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 18 – Claude de la Sengle, 48th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_18", "text": "August 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_de_la_Sengle", "text": "Claude de la Sengle", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller", "text": "Knights Hospitaller", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 1 – Jacques Cartier, French explorer (b. 1491)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_1", "text": "September 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Cartier", "text": "Jacques Cartier", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491", "text": "1491", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 13 – John Cheke, English classical scholar and statesman (b. 1514)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_13", "text": "September 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Cheke", "text": "John Cheke", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1514", "text": "1514", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 15 – Juan Álvarez de Toledo, Spanish Catholic cardinal (b. 1488)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_15", "text": "September 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Álvarez_de_Toledo", "text": "Juan Álvarez de Toledo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1488", "text": "1488", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 27 – Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_27", "text": "September 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Go-Nara", "text": "Emperor Go-Nara of Japan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 5 or October 6 – Kamran Mirza, Mughal prince (b. 1509)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_5", "text": "October 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_6", "text": "October 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamran_Mirza", "text": "Kamran Mirza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1509", "text": "1509", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 20 – Jean Salmon Macrin, French poet (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_20", "text": "October 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Salmon_Macrin", "text": "Jean Salmon Macrin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 25 – William Cavendish, English courtier (b. 1505)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_25", "text": "October 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Cavendish_(courtier)", "text": "William Cavendish", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1505", "text": "1505", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 19 Bona Sforza, queen of Sigismund I of Poland (b. 1494) Maria de' Medici, Italian noble (b. 1540)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_19", "text": "November 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bona_Sforza", "text": "Bona Sforza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigismund_I_the_Old", "text": "Sigismund I of Poland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_de'_Medici_(1540–1557)", "text": "Maria de' Medici", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1540", "text": "1540", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Bona Sforza, queen of Sigismund I of Poland (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bona_Sforza", "text": "Bona Sforza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigismund_I_the_Old", "text": "Sigismund I of Poland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Maria de' Medici, Italian noble (b. 1540)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_de'_Medici_(1540–1557)", "text": "Maria de' Medici", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1540", "text": "1540", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 6 – Elisabeth of Hesse, Hereditary Princess of Saxony (b. 1502)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_6", "text": "December 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Hesse,_Hereditary_Princess_of_Saxony", "text": "Elisabeth of Hesse, Hereditary Princess of Saxony", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 13 – Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia, Italian mathematician (b. 1499)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_13", "text": "December 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccolò_Fontana_Tartaglia", "text": "Niccolò Fontana Tartaglia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1499", "text": "1499", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 27 – Queen Dangyeong, Korean royal consort (b. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_27", "text": "December 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Dangyeong", "text": "Queen Dangyeong", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, Spanish historian (b. 1478) Charlotte Guillard, French printer Nicolas de Herberay des Essarts, French translator Geoffrey Glyn, English lawyer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzalo_Fernández_de_Oviedo_y_Valdés", "text": "Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1478", "text": "1478", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Guillard", "text": "Charlotte Guillard", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_de_Herberay_des_Essarts", "text": "Nicolas de Herberay des Essarts", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Glyn", "text": "Geoffrey Glyn", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, Spanish historian (b. 1478)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzalo_Fernández_de_Oviedo_y_Valdés", "text": "Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1478", "text": "1478", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Charlotte Guillard, French printer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Guillard", "text": "Charlotte Guillard", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Nicolas de Herberay des Essarts, French translator", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_de_Herberay_des_Essarts", "text": "Nicolas de Herberay des Essarts", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Geoffrey Glyn, English lawyer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_Glyn", "text": "Geoffrey Glyn", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "probable Sebastian Cabot, Italian-born English explorer (b. 1476) Thomas Crecquillon, Flemish composer (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian_Cabot_(explorer)", "text": "Sebastian Cabot", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1476", "text": "1476", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Crecquillon", "text": "Thomas Crecquillon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sebastian Cabot, Italian-born English explorer (b. 1476)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian_Cabot_(explorer)", "text": "Sebastian Cabot", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1476", "text": "1476", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Thomas Crecquillon, Flemish composer (b. 1490)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Crecquillon", "text": "Thomas Crecquillon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1490", "text": "1490", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1558", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 28 – Jacob Micyllus, German humanist (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_28", "text": "January 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Micyllus", "text": "Jacob Micyllus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 25 – Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Portugal and France (b. 1498)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_25", "text": "February 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_Austria", "text": "Eleanor of Austria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 27 Johann Faber of Heilbronn, controversial Catholic preacher (b. 1504) Kunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, German noblewoman (b. 1524)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_27", "text": "February 27", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Faber_of_Heilbronn", "text": "Johann Faber of Heilbronn", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1504", "text": "1504", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunigunde_of_Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "text": "Kunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1524", "text": "1524", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Johann Faber of Heilbronn, controversial Catholic preacher (b. 1504)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Faber_of_Heilbronn", "text": "Johann Faber of Heilbronn", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1504", "text": "1504", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Kunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, German noblewoman (b. 1524)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunigunde_of_Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "text": "Kunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1524", "text": "1524", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 6 – Luca Gaurico, Italian astrologer (b. 1475)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_6", "text": "March 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luca_Gaurico", "text": "Luca Gaurico", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1475", "text": "1475", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 24 – Anna van Egmont, Countess of Egmond and Buren (b. c. 1533)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_24", "text": "March 24", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_van_Egmont", "text": "Anna van Egmont", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1533", "text": "1533", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 25 – Marcos de Niza, French Franciscan explorer (b. c. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25", "text": "March 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcos_de_Niza", "text": "Marcos de Niza", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 2 – Wolfgang of the Palatinate, Count Palatine of Neumarkt (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_2", "text": "April 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_of_the_Palatinate", "text": "Wolfgang of the Palatinate", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 15 – Hurrem Sultan, Ruthenian-born wife of Suleiman the Magnificent (b. c. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_15", "text": "April 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurrem_Sultan", "text": "Hurrem Sultan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent", "text": "Suleiman the Magnificent", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 20 – Johannes Bugenhagen, German reformer (b. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_20", "text": "April 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Bugenhagen", "text": "Johannes Bugenhagen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "April 26 – Jean Fernel, French physician (b. 1497)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_26", "text": "April 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Fernel", "text": "Jean Fernel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1497", "text": "1497", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 17 – Francisco de Sá de Miranda, Portuguese poet (b. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_17", "text": "May 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_de_Sá_de_Miranda", "text": "Francisco de Sá de Miranda", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 19 – Juan Téllez-Girón, 4th Count of Ureña, Spanish count (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_19", "text": "May 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Téllez-Girón,_4th_Count_of_Ureña", "text": "Juan Téllez-Girón, 4th Count of Ureña", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 25 – Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen (1525–1540) (b. 1510)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_25", "text": "May 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Brandenburg,_Duchess_of_Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen", "text": "Elisabeth of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1510", "text": "1510", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "May 31 – Philip Hoby, English politician (b. 1505)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_31", "text": "May 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Hoby", "text": "Philip Hoby", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1505", "text": "1505", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "June 28 – Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy of Chiche, English courtier (b. 1506)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_28", "text": "June 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Darcy,_1st_Baron_Darcy_of_Chiche", "text": "Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy of Chiche", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1506", "text": "1506", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "July 17 – George I of Württemberg-Mömpelgard (b. 1498)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_17", "text": "July 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_I_of_Württemberg-Mömpelgard", "text": "George I of Württemberg-Mömpelgard", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1498", "text": "1498", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 11 – Justus Menius, German Lutheran pastor (b. 1499)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_11", "text": "August 11", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justus_Menius", "text": "Justus Menius", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1499", "text": "1499", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 21 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_21", "text": "September 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor", "text": "Charles V", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October – Mellin de Saint-Gelais, French poet (b. c. 1491)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October", "text": "October", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellin_de_Saint-Gelais", "text": "Mellin de Saint-Gelais", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1491", "text": "1491", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 18 – Maria of Austria, queen of Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia (b. 1505)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_18", "text": "October 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_of_Hungary_(governor_of_the_Netherlands)", "text": "Maria of Austria", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_II_of_Hungary_and_Bohemia", "text": "Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1505", "text": "1505", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 21 – J. C. Scaliger, Italian scholar (b. 1484)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_21", "text": "October 21", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar_Scaliger", "text": "J. C. Scaliger", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1484", "text": "1484", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 1 Anne Brooke, Baroness Cobham, English noble (b. 1501) Erhard Schnepf, German theologian (b. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_1", "text": "November 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Brooke,_Baroness_Cobham", "text": "Anne Brooke, Baroness Cobham", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1501", "text": "1501", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erhard_Schnepf", "text": "Erhard Schnepf", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Anne Brooke, Baroness Cobham, English noble (b. 1501)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Brooke,_Baroness_Cobham", "text": "Anne Brooke, Baroness Cobham", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1501", "text": "1501", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Erhard Schnepf, German theologian (b. 1495)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erhard_Schnepf", "text": "Erhard Schnepf", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1495", "text": "1495", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 15 – Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassilis, Scottish politician and judge (b. 1515)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_15", "text": "November 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Kennedy,_3rd_Earl_of_Cassilis", "text": "Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassilis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1515", "text": "1515", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 17 (bur.) Hugh Aston, English composer (b. 1485) Queen Mary I of England (b. 1516) Reginald Pole, Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_17", "text": "November 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Aston", "text": "Hugh Aston", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Mary I of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Pole", "text": "Reginald Pole", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury", "text": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "(bur.) Hugh Aston, English composer (b. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Aston", "text": "Hugh Aston", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Queen Mary I of England (b. 1516)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England", "text": "Mary I of England", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Reginald Pole, Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1500)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Pole", "text": "Reginald Pole", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury", "text": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500", "text": "1500", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 7 – Johann Forster, German theologian (b. 1496)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_7", "text": "December 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Forster", "text": "Johann Forster", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1496", "text": "1496", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 16 – Thomas Cheney, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. c. 1485)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_16", "text": "December 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cheney", "text": "Thomas Cheney", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1485", "text": "1485", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 19 – Cornelius Grapheus, Flemish writer (b. 1482)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_19", "text": "December 19", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelius_Grapheus", "text": "Cornelius Grapheus", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1482", "text": "1482", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 28 – Hermann Finck, German composer (b. 1527)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_28", "text": "December 28", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Finck", "text": "Hermann Finck", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1527", "text": "1527", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll, Scottish nobleman and politician (b. 1507) Robert Recorde, Welsh physician and mathematician (b. c. 1512)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archibald_Campbell,_4th_Earl_of_Argyll", "text": "Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1507", "text": "1507", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Recorde", "text": "Robert Recorde", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1512", "text": "1512", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll, Scottish nobleman and politician (b. 1507)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archibald_Campbell,_4th_Earl_of_Argyll", "text": "Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1507", "text": "1507", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Robert Recorde, Welsh physician and mathematician (b. c. 1512)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Recorde", "text": "Robert Recorde", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1512", "text": "1512", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "1559", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "January – Christina Gyllenstierna, leading opponent of King Christian II of Denmark and Norway (b. 1494)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January", "text": "January", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christina_Gyllenstierna", "text": "Christina Gyllenstierna", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II_of_Denmark", "text": "Christian II of Denmark", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1494", "text": "1494", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 1 – King Christian III of Denmark and Norway (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_1", "text": "January 1", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark", "text": "Christian III of Denmark", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "January 25 – King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden (b. 1481)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_25", "text": "January 25", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_II_of_Denmark", "text": "Christian II of", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalmar_Union", "text": "Denmark, Norway and Sweden", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1481", "text": "1481", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "February 12 – Prince-elector Otto Henry of the Palatinate (b. 1502)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_12", "text": "February 12", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Henry,_Elector_Palatine", "text": "Otto Henry of the Palatinate", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1502", "text": "1502", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 8 – Thomas Tresham, English Catholic politician", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_8", "text": "March 8", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Tresham_(died_1559)", "text": "Thomas Tresham", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 13 – Johann Gropper, German Catholic cardinal (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_13", "text": "March 13", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Gropper", "text": "Johann Gropper", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 16 – Anthony St. Leger, Lord Deputy of Ireland (b. 1496)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_16", "text": "March 16", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_St_Leger_(Lord_Deputy_of_Ireland)", "text": "Anthony St. Leger", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1496", "text": "1496", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "March 23 – Emperor Gelawdewos of Ethiopia (in battle) (b. 1522)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_23", "text": "March 23", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelawdewos_of_Ethiopia", "text": "Gelawdewos of Ethiopia", "images": null }, { "url": 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King Henry II of France (jousting accident) (b. 1519)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_10", "text": "July 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_II_of_France", "text": "Henry II of France", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1519", "text": "1519", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "August 18 – Pope Paul IV (b. 1476)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_18", "text": "August 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IV", "text": "Pope Paul IV", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1476", "text": "1476", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 7 – Robert Estienne, French printer (b. 1503)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_7", "text": "September 7", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Estienne", "text": "Robert Estienne", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1503", "text": "1503", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "September 15 – Isabella Jagiellon, queen consort of Hungary (d. 1519)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_15", "text": "September 15", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_Jagiellon", "text": "Isabella Jagiellon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1519", "text": "1519", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 2 – Jacquet of Mantua, French composer (b. 1483)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_2", "text": "October 2", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacquet_of_Mantua", "text": "Jacquet of Mantua", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1483", "text": "1483", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 3 – Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian noble (b. 1508)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_3", "text": "October 3", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ercole_II_d'Este,_Duke_of_Ferrara", "text": "Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1508", "text": "1508", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 4 – Philip III, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (b. 1504)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_4", "text": "October 4", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_III,_Count_of_Nassau-Weilburg", "text": "Philip III, Count of Nassau-Weilburg", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1504", "text": "1504", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "October 6 – William I, Count of Nassau-Siegen (b. 1487)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_6", "text": "October 6", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_I,_Count_of_Nassau-Siegen", "text": "William I, Count of Nassau-Siegen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1487", "text": "1487", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 5 – Kanō Motonobu, Japanese painter (b. 1476)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_5", "text": "November 5", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanō_Motonobu", "text": "Kanō Motonobu", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1476", "text": "1476", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 10 – Jacob Milich, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1501)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_10", "text": "November 10", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Milich", "text": "Jacob Milich", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1501", "text": "1501", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 18 – Cuthbert Tunstall, English church leader (b. 1474)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_18", "text": "November 18", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuthbert_Tunstall", "text": "Cuthbert Tunstall", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1474", "text": "1474", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 20 – Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk, English noblewoman and claimant to the throne of England (b. 1517)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_20", "text": "November 20", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frances_Grey,_Duchess_of_Suffolk", "text": "Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1517", "text": "1517", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "November 26 – Adolph of Nassau-Saarbrücken, Count of Nassau (b. 1526)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_26", "text": "November 26", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolph_of_Nassau-Saarbrücken", "text": "Adolph of Nassau-Saarbrücken", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1526", "text": "1526", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 17 – Irene di Spilimbergo, Italian Renaissance poet and painter (b. 1538)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_17", "text": "December 17", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irene_di_Spilimbergo", "text": "Irene di Spilimbergo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1538", "text": "1538", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "December 31 – Owen Oglethorpe, deposed English bishop", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_31", "text": "December 31", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen_Oglethorpe", "text": "Owen Oglethorpe", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "date unknown Realdo Colombo, Italian surgeon and anatomist (b. 1516) Elizabeth Wilford, English merchant and company founder Father Francis of Aberdeen, Catholic Trinitarian friar Leonard Digges, English mathematician and surveyor (b. c. 1515) Conn O'Neill, 1st Earl of Tyrone, Irish rebel (b. 1480) Wen Zhengming, Chinese painter (b. 1470)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realdo_Colombo", "text": "Realdo Colombo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1516", "text": "1516", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Wilford", "text": "Elizabeth Wilford", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Father_Francis_of_Aberdeen", "text": "Father Francis of Aberdeen", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Digges_(scientist)", "text": "Leonard Digges", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1515", "text": "1515", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conn_O'Neill,_1st_Earl_of_Tyrone", "text": "Conn O'Neill, 1st Earl of Tyrone", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1480", "text": "1480", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wen_Zhengming", "text": "Wen Zhengming", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1470", "text": "1470", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Realdo Colombo, Italian surgeon 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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1930–31 season was Real Sociedad ' s third season in La Liga.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930–31_La_Liga", "text": "1930–31 season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Sociedad", "text": "Real Sociedad", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Liga", "text": "La Liga", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "This article shows player statistics and all matches that the club played during the 1930–31 season.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Players", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFA_eligibility_rules", "text": "FIFA eligibility rules", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Player stats", "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "League", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "League matches", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Win Draw Loss Postponed", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Cup", "has_parts": null } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox football club season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "1930–31 season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "President", "value": "Florentino Azqueta", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain", "text": "Spain", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "Spain" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florentino_Azqueta?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Florentino Azqueta", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "Spain", "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": "Manager", "value": "Harry Lowe", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom", "text": "United Kingdom", "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United Kingdom" } ] }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Lowe_(footballer,_born_August_1886)", "text": "Harry Lowe", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": "United Kingdom", "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": "La Liga", "value": "3rd", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930–31_La_Liga", "text": "La Liga", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930–31_La_Liga", "text": "3rd", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Copa del Rey", "value": "Round of 28 Out of the competition .", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1931_Copa_del_Rey", "text": "Copa del Rey", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1931_Copa_del_Rey#Round_of_32", "text": "Round of 28", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Top goalscorer", "value": "League: Cholin (13) All: Cholin (13)", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "10 from 6 (also known as 10/6) is a compilation album released by English supergroup Bad Company in December 1985 on Atlantic Records label. All the songs on the album were previously released on Swan Song Records, a record label begun by Led Zeppelin in 1974. The title refers to the album's 10 songs taken from the six albums Bad Company had recorded to that time, though no songs from Burnin' Sky appear on the album.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilation_album", "text": "compilation album", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergroup_(music)", "text": "supergroup", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_Company", "text": "Bad Company", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Records", "text": "Atlantic Records", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swan_Song_Records", "text": "Swan Song Records", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Led_Zeppelin", "text": "Led Zeppelin", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnin'_Sky", "text": "Burnin' Sky", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Track listing", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Personnel", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Per liner notes", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Paul Rodgers – vocals, second guitar, piano, producer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Rodgers", "text": "Paul Rodgers", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singing", "text": "vocals", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythm_guitar", "text": "second guitar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano", "text": "piano", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_producer", "text": "producer", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Mick Ralphs – guitar, keyboards on \"Ready for Love\", producer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mick_Ralphs", "text": "Mick Ralphs", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guitar", "text": "guitar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_instrument", "text": "keyboards", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Boz Burrell – bass, producer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boz_Burrell", "text": "Boz Burrell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitar", "text": "bass", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Simon Kirke – drums, producer", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Kirke", "text": "Simon Kirke", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum_kit", "text": "drums", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Production", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Aubrey Powell Productions – sleeve design", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aubrey_Powell_(designer)", "text": "Aubrey Powell Productions", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design", "text": "sleeve design", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Richard Evans – sleeve design", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Evans_(designer)", "text": "Richard Evans", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Barry Diament – mastering", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_mastering", "text": "mastering", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox album", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "10 from 6", "has_parts": [ { "type": "image", "name": null, "value": null, "links": null, "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b8/BC10F6.jpg/220px-BC10F6.jpg", "width": 220, "height": 220, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Greatest hits album by Bad Company", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Released", "value": "December 1985", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_from_6#cite_note-AM1-1", "text": null, "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Recorded", "value": "1973–1981", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Genre", "value": "Hard rock", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_genre", "text": "Genre", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_rock", "text": "Hard rock", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Length", "value": "46: 50", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_from_6#cite_note-AM1-1", "text": null, "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Label", "value": "Atlantic", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_label", "text": "Label", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Records", "text": "Atlantic", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Producer", "value": "Bad Company", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_producer", "text": "Producer", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_Company", "text": "Bad Company", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_from_6#cite_note-notes-2", "text": null, "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Bad Company chronology", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Rough Diamonds (1982) 10 from 6 (1985) Fame and Fortune (1986)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_Diamonds_(album)", "text": "Rough Diamonds", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fame_and_Fortune", "text": "Fame and Fortune", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Rough Diamonds (1982) 10 from 6 (1985) Fame and Fortune (1986)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_Diamonds_(album)", "text": "Rough Diamonds", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fame_and_Fortune", "text": "Fame and Fortune", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "On February 27, 1955, elections were held for the Supreme Soviets of the Soviet Union 's constituent republics.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_the_Soviet_Union", "text": "elections", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Soviet", "text": "Supreme Soviets", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union", "text": "Soviet Union", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republics_of_the_Soviet_Union", "text": "constituent republics", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "According to Soviet law, 3,369,000 out of an eligible adult voting population of 123,174,000 were disenfranchised for various reasons.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1948 Albanian National Championship was the eleventh season of the Albanian National Championship, the top professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1930.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kategoria_Superiore", "text": "Albanian National Championship", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_football", "text": "association football", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Overview", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "It was contested by 14 teams, and Partizani won the championship.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partizani_Tirana", "text": "Partizani", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Regular season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Group A", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: '17 Nëntori' is SK Tirana, 'Ylli i Kuq Durrës' is KS Teuta Durrës and 'Dinamo Korça' is Skënderbeu", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SK_Tirana", "text": "SK Tirana", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KS_Teuta_Durrës", "text": "KS Teuta Durrës", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skënderbeu", "text": "Skënderbeu", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Group B", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Note: 'Bashkimi Elbasanas' is KS Elbasani, 'Shqiponja' is Luftëtari, '8 Nëntori' is Erzeni, 'Traktori' is KS Lushnja and 'Spartak Kuçova' is Naftëtari", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KS_Elbasani", "text": "KS Elbasani", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luftëtari", "text": "Luftëtari", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KF_Erzeni", "text": "Erzeni", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KS_Lushnja", "text": "KS Lushnja", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naftëtari", "text": "Naftëtari", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Final", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Interrupted Championship 1948-49", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 1948 the AFA decided to employ a new formula for the championship, according to the 'western' calendar. For the first time in history, Albania's championship style would be compared to that of Western European countries, from autumn 1948-spring 1949; but on 31 March 1949, the Federata Sportive Shqiptare (Albanian Sports Federation) annulled the 1948-49 season under Soviet pressure. After disassociating itself from all Soviet influences (3 December 1961), Albania started a fall/spring season from 1962/63 on.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_Football_Association", "text": "AFA", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Table at abandonment:", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "NB: apart from the last round, the matches Korça vs Kavaja and Korça vs Shkodra were not played.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "All the police (Dinamo) and trade union (Spartaku) clubs changed their name to simply the town name, apart from Partizani and Dinamo Tirana.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox football league season", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "Albanian National Championship", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Season", "value": "1948", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Champions", "value": "Partizani", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partizani_Tirana", "text": "Partizani", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "← 1947 1949 →", "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1966 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team represented Texas Technological College—now known as Texas Tech University —as a member of the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1966 NCAA University Division football season. In their sixth season under head coach J. T. King, the Red Raiders compiled a 4–6 record (2–5 against conference opponents), tied for sixth place in the SWC, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 216 to 181. The team's statistical leaders included John Scovell with 1,323 passing yards, Mike Leinert with 495 rushing yards, and Larry Gilbert with 767 receiving yards. The team played its home games at Clifford B. & Audrey Jones Stadium.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Tech_University", "text": "Texas Tech University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest_Conference", "text": "Southwest Conference", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_NCAA_University_Division_football_season", "text": "1966 NCAA University Division football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._T._King", "text": "J. T. King", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clifford_B._&_Audrey_Jones_Stadium", "text": "Clifford B. & Audrey Jones Stadium", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Schedule", "has_parts": null } ]

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"2024-04-23T13:03:06"

"2024-04-23T13:03:06"

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{ "identifier": 1220464994, "comment": "Moved José Manuel Barroso to José Durão Barroso, since that's the name he's most commonly known as.", "is_minor_edit": null, "scores": { "revertrisk": { "probability": { "false": 0.7719654142856598, "true": 0.2280345857143402 }, "prediction": null } }, "editor": { "identifier": 41579749, "name": "H3nrique Bregie", "edit_count": 1483, "groups": [ "extendedconfirmed", "*", "user", "autoconfirmed" ], "date_started": "2021-04-06T17:54:59", "is_patroller": null, "is_bot": null, "is_admin": null, "is_anonymous": null, "has_advanced_rights": null }, "number_of_characters": 49535, "size": { "value": 49741, "unit_text": "B" }, "noindex": null, "maintenance_tags": { "pov_count": null, "update_count": null, "citation_needed_count": 4 }, "tags": [ "mw-removed-redirect", "wikieditor" ], "is_breaking_news": null }

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"2004-12-14T00:48:42"

"2024-04-23T23:07:53"

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "José Manuel Durão Barroso (Portuguese:; born 23 March 1956) is a Portuguese politician and law professor. He previously served as the 114th prime minister of Portugal and from 2004–2014 as the 11th president of the European Commission.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese", "text": "Help:IPA/Portuguese", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Portugal", "text": "114th", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Portugal", "text": "prime minister of Portugal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission", "text": "president of the European Commission", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "He has been one of the revolving door cases at the EU, which received the most media attention because only two months after the cooling off period, Barroso accepted a position as \"senior adviser \" and \"non-executive chairman\" of Goldman Sachs International. and became subject of an ethics inquiry.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolving_door_(politics)", "text": "revolving door", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldman_Sachs_International", "text": "Goldman Sachs International", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Early life and education", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "José Barroso was born in Lisbon to Luís António Saraiva Barroso and his wife Maria Elisabete de Freitas Durão.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Durão Barroso (as he is known in Portugal) graduated from the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon. He subsequently obtained a Diploma in European Studies from the European University Institute, and received a MA degree with honours in both Political Science and Social Sciences from the University of Geneva in Switzerland.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Lisbon", "text": "University of Lisbon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Studies", "text": "European Studies", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_University_Institute", "text": "European University Institute", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Arts", "text": "MA", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_honors", "text": "with honours", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Geneva", "text": "University of Geneva", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Barroso became politically active in his late teens, during the Estado Novo regime in Portugal, before the Carnation Revolution of 25 April 1974. In his university days, he was one of the leaders of the underground Maoist MRPP (Re-Organized Movement of the Proletariat Party, later Portuguese Workers' Communist Party (PCTP/MRPP), Communist Party of the Portuguese Workers/Revolutionary Movement of the Portuguese Proletariat). In an interview with the newspaper Expresso, he said that he had joined MRPP to fight the only other student body movement, also underground, which was controlled by the Portuguese Communist Party. Despite this justification, there is a very famous political 1976 interview recorded by the Portuguese state-run television channel, RTP, in which Barroso, as a politically minded student during the post-Carnation Revolution turmoil known as PREC, criticises the bourgeois education system which \"throws students against workers and workers against students.\"", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)", "text": "Estado Novo", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnation_Revolution", "text": "Carnation Revolution", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maoism", "text": "Maoist", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Workers'_Communist_Party", "text": "Portuguese Workers' Communist Party", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expresso_(Portuguese_newspaper)", "text": "Expresso", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Communist_Party", "text": "Portuguese Communist Party", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rádio_e_Televisão_de_Portugal", "text": "RTP", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processo_Revolucionário_Em_Curso", "text": "PREC", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_system", "text": "education system", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Career", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "His academic career began as an assistant professor in the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon. Barroso did PhD research at Georgetown University and Georgetown's Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service in Washington, D.C., but his CV does not list any doctoral degree (except honorary). Back in Lisbon, Barroso became director of the Department for International Relations at Lusíada University (Universidade Lusíada).", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy", "text": "PhD research", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgetown_University", "text": "Georgetown University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_A._Walsh_School_of_Foreign_Service", "text": "Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.", "text": "Washington, D.C.", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon", "text": "Lisbon", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In December 1980, Barroso joined the right-of-centre PPD (Democratic Popular Party, later PPD/PSD- Social Democratic Party), where he remains to the present day.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)", "text": "Social Democratic Party", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 1985, under the PSD government of Aníbal Cavaco Silva, 113th prime minister of Portugal, Barroso was named Under-Secretary of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs. In 1987 he became a member of the same government as he was elevated to Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (answering to the Minister of Foreign Affairs), a post he was to hold for the next five years. In this capacity, he was the driving force behind the Bicesse Accords of 1990, which led to a temporary armistice in the Angolan Civil War between the ruling MPLA and the opposition UNITA. He also supported independence for East Timor, a former Portuguese colony, then a province of Indonesia by force. In 1992, Barroso was promoted to the post of Minister of Foreign Affairs, and served in this capacity until the defeat of the PSD in the 1995 general election.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aníbal_Cavaco_Silva", "text": "Aníbal Cavaco Silva", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Portugal", "text": "113th", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Portugal", "text": "prime minister of Portugal", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicesse_Accords", "text": "Bicesse Accords", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angolan_Civil_War", "text": "Angolan Civil War", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPLA", "text": "MPLA", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNITA", "text": "UNITA", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor", "text": "East Timor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia", "text": "Indonesia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Portugal)", "text": "Minister of Foreign Affairs", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Prime minister of Portugal, 2002–2004", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 1995, while in opposition, Barroso was elected to the Assembly of the Republic as a representative for Lisbon. He became chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee. In 1998 he graduated from the Georgetown Leadership Seminar. In 1999 he was elected president of the PSD, succeeding Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (a professor of law), and thus became Leader of the Opposition. Parliamentary elections in 2002 gave the PSD enough seats to form a coalition government with the right-wing Portuguese People's Party, and Barroso subsequently became Prime Minister of Portugal on 6 April 2002.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)", "text": "Assembly of the Republic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgetown_Leadership_Seminar", "text": "Georgetown Leadership Seminar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa", "text": "Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Portuguese_legislative_election", "text": "Parliamentary elections", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XV_Constitutional_Government_of_Portugal", "text": "coalition government", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Party_(Portugal)", "text": "People's Party", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "As prime minister, facing a growing budget deficit, he made a number of difficult decisions and adopted strict reforms. He vowed to reduce public expenditure, which made him unpopular among leftists and public servants.. His purpose was to lower the public budget deficit to a 3% target (according to the demands of EU rules), and official data during the 2002–2004 period stated that the target was being attained.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In March 2003, Barroso hosted U.S President George W. Bush, British Prime Minister Tony Blair, and Spanish Prime Minister José María Aznar in the Portuguese island of Terceira, in the Azores. The four leaders finalised the controversial US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq. Under Barroso's leadership, Portugal became part of the \" coalition of the willing \" for the invasion and occupation of Iraq, sending non-combat troops. On 30 January 2003, Barroso signed The letter of the eight supporting US. policy on Iraq.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush", "text": "George W. Bush", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blair", "text": "Tony Blair", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_María_Aznar", "text": "José María Aznar", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azores", "text": "Azores", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq", "text": "2003 invasion of Iraq", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalition_of_the_willing", "text": "coalition of the willing", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Iraq_(2003–2011)", "text": "occupation of Iraq", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_letter_of_the_eight", "text": "The letter of the eight", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preparations_for_2003_invasion_of_Iraq", "text": "US. policy on Iraq", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Barroso did not finish his term as he had been nominated as president of the European Commission on 5 July 2004. Barroso arranged with Portuguese President Jorge Sampaio to nominate Pedro Santana Lopes as a substitute prime minister of Portugal. Santana Lopes led the PSD/PP coalition for a few months until early 2005, when new elections were called. When the Portuguese Socialist Party won the elections it produced an estimation that by the end of the year the budget deficit would reach 6.1%, which it used to criticise Barroso's and Santana Lopes's economic policies.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission", "text": "president of the European Commission", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Sampaio", "text": "Jorge Sampaio", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Santana_Lopes", "text": "Pedro Santana Lopes", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "President of the European Commission, 2004–2014", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 2004, the proposed European Constitution and now the Treaty of Lisbon included a provision that the choice of the president must take into account the result of Parliamentary elections and the candidate supported by the victorious Europarty in particular. That provision was not in force in the nomination in 2004, but the centre-right European People's Party (EPP), who won the elections, pressured for a candidate from its own ranks. In the end, Barroso, as EPP candidate, was chosen by the European Council. During his first presidency, the following issues were on the Commission's agenda: Turkey applying for EU membership, the reform of the institutions (Treaty of Lisbon), the Bolkestein directive, aimed at creating a single market for services within the EU, Lisbon Strategy, Galileo positioning system, Doha Development Agenda negotiations, European Institute of Innovation and Technology and an EU climate change package.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_establishing_a_Constitution_for_Europe", "text": "European Constitution", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon", "text": "Treaty of Lisbon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_the_European_Union", "text": "Parliamentary elections", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europarty", "text": "Europarty", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_People's_Party", "text": "European People's Party", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Council", "text": "European Council", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accession_of_Turkey_to_the_European_Union", "text": "EU membership", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon", "text": "Treaty of Lisbon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolkestein_directive", "text": "Bolkestein directive", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisbon_Strategy", "text": "Lisbon Strategy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_positioning_system", "text": "Galileo positioning system", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doha_Development_Agenda", "text": "Doha Development Agenda", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Institute_of_Innovation_and_Technology", "text": "European Institute of Innovation and Technology", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The EPP again endorsed Barroso for a second term during the 2009 European election campaign and, after the EPP again won the elections, was able to secure his nomination by the European Council on 17 June 2009. On 3 September 2009, Barroso unveiled his manifesto for his second term. On 16 September 2009, Barroso was re-elected by the European Parliament for another five years. Since he completed his second term he became only the second Commission president to serve two terms, after Jacques Delors. That Commission's term of office ran until 31 October 2014.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Council", "text": "European Council", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Delors", "text": "Jacques Delors", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Barroso visited Ireland to persuade Irish citizens to approve the Treaty of Lisbon in the country's second referendum due to be held the following month. Barroso was greeted by Irish Minister for Defence Willie O'Dea and Peter Power, the Minister of State for Overseas Development, as he got off his plane at Shannon Airport on the morning of 19 September 2009 before briefly meeting with the joint committee of the Oireachtas and meeting and greeting people at functions in Limerick 's City Hall, University of Limerick (UL) and the Savoy Hotel. He told The Irish Times in an interview referenced internationally by Reuters that he had been asked if Ireland would split from the European Union. He also launched a €14.8 million grant for former workers at Dell 's Limerick plant, described as \"conveniently opportune\" by former Member of the European Parliament and anti-Lisbonite Patricia McKenna.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland", "text": "Ireland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Lisbon", "text": "Treaty of Lisbon", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-eighth_Amendment_of_the_Constitution_of_Ireland", "text": "second referendum", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willie_O'Dea", "text": "Willie O'Dea", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Power_(politician)", "text": "Peter Power", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_State_at_the_Department_of_Foreign_Affairs", "text": "Minister of State for Overseas Development", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon_Airport", "text": "Shannon Airport", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas", "text": "Oireachtas", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limerick", "text": "Limerick", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Limerick", "text": "University of Limerick", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savoy_Hotel", "text": "Savoy Hotel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Irish_Times", "text": "The Irish Times", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters", "text": "Reuters", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dell", "text": "Dell", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_McKenna", "text": "Patricia McKenna", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "On 12 September 2012, Barroso called for the EU to evolve into a \"federation of nation-states\", necessary to combat the continent's economic crisis. He said he believed Greece would be able to stay in the eurozone if it stood by its commitments. Barroso also heralded the legislative proposal published the same day for European Banking Supervision.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Banking_Supervision", "text": "European Banking Supervision", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "He was once appointed Acting Commissioner for Inter-Institutional Relations and Administration in Maroš Šefčovič 's stead, from 19 April 2014 – 25 May 2014 while he was on electoral campaign leave for the 2014 elections to the European Parliament. He ultimately decided to not take up his seat.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_Commission_portfolios#Inter-Institutional_Relations_and_Administration", "text": "Acting Commissioner for Inter-Institutional Relations and Administration", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maroš_Šefčovič", "text": "Maroš Šefčovič", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election", "text": "2014 elections", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament", "text": "European Parliament", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Controversies", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 2005, Die Welt reported that Barroso had spent a week on the yacht of the Greek shipping billionaire Spiro Latsis. It emerged soon afterward that this had occurred only a month before the Commission approved 10 million euros of Greek state aid for Latsis's shipping company – though the state aid decision had been taken by the previous European Commission before Barroso took up his post. In response to this revelation, Nigel Farage MEP of the UK Independence Party persuaded around 75 MEPs from across the political spectrum to back a motion of no confidence in Barroso, so as to compel him to appear before the European Parliament to be questioned on the matter. The motion was tabled on 12 May 2005, and Barroso appeared before Parliament as required at a debate on 26 May 2005. The motion itself was heavily defeated.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Die_Welt", "text": "Die Welt", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiro_Latsis", "text": "Spiro Latsis", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Farage", "text": "Nigel Farage", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK_Independence_Party", "text": "UK Independence Party", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Parliament", "text": "European Parliament", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In response to criticism for his choice of a less fuel efficient Volkswagen Touareg, amid EU legislation of targets drastically to reduce car CO emissions, Barroso dismissed this as \"overzealous moralism\".", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_Touareg", "text": "Volkswagen Touareg", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In April 2008, amid sharp food price rises and mounting food vs fuel concerns, Barroso insisted that biofuel use was \"not significant\" in pushing up food prices. The following month, he announced a study that would look into the issue. The backdoor approval of the GE potato, by President Barroso, has met a wave of strong opposition from EU member-states. The governments of Greece, Austria, Luxembourg, Italy, Hungary and France have all publicly announced that they will not allow the GE potato to be grown in their countries.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_vs_fuel", "text": "food vs fuel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel", "text": "biofuel", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_prices", "text": "food prices", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Barroso has expressed criticism of national governments arguing \"Decisions taken by the most democratic institutions in the world are very often wrong.\"", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In December 2013 Barroso said that Europe was not the cause of the problems for Ireland; Ireland caused a problem for Europe. Following the bailout exit, in December 2013, the Irish government's bid to get backdated funding for the banking sector was rejected as the head of the European Commission blamed the Irish banks, regulators, and government for the difficulties in the country. Barroso said the problems in the Irish banks caused a \"major destabilisation\" in the euro, rather than structural problems with the currency itself, \"I am saying this because it would be wrong to give the impression that Europe has created a problem for Ireland and now Europe has to help Ireland. In fact, it was the banking sector in Ireland—it was one of the biggest problems in the world in terms of banking stability what happened in Ireland.\"", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Post Brussels, 2015-present", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Barroso is a policy fellow at the Liechtenstein Institute on Self-Determination at Princeton University and the Frederick H. Schultz Class of 1951 Visiting Professor of International Economic Policy at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs Woodrow Wilson School, where he teaches with Wolfgang F. Danspeckgruber on the EU in International Affairs.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson_School", "text": "Woodrow Wilson School", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_F._Danspeckgruber", "text": "Wolfgang F. Danspeckgruber", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Barroso has been a professor at Portuguese Catholic University since 2015. He has taught at the Institute of Political Studies, at the Catholic Global School of Law, and at the Catholic Lisbon School of Business and Economics, and directs the Center for European Studies from the same institution. In February 2015, he was appointed visiting professor at the University of Geneva and taught at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Catholic_University", "text": "Portuguese Catholic University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_for_Political_Studies_–_Catholic_University_of_Portugal", "text": "Institute of Political Studies", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Geneva", "text": "University of Geneva", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graduate_Institute_of_International_and_Development_Studies", "text": "Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In July 2016, Barroso became senior adviser and non-executive chairman and senior adviser of London-based Goldman Sachs International (GSI), the bank's largest subsidiary. At the time of his appointments, this was regarded as quite controversial, and later led Barroso's successor Jean-Claude Juncker to launch an ethics investigation. Barroso was heavily criticised for taking the position only two months after the 18-month \"cooling-off\" period for EU officials after they leave their posts. Barroso's move was especially sensitive because Goldman Sachs played a questionable role in the Financial Crisis 2007–2009 that nearly broke the euro. Furthermore, Barroso announced his move to the London-based subsidiary of Goldman Sachs shortly after the Brexit referendum. The European Commission agreed to an unprecedented ethics inquiry into the move. The independent panel concluded there were \"not sufficient grounds to establish a violation of the duty of integrity and discretion\" and accepted Barroso's assurances that he would not be lobbying on behalf of the bank's clients.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldman_Sachs", "text": "Goldman Sachs International", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker", "text": "Jean-Claude Juncker", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_Crisis_2007-2009", "text": "Financial Crisis 2007–2009", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brexit_referendum", "text": "Brexit referendum", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In addition, Barroso has held several paid and unpaid positions, including:", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "International Commission on Financing Global Education Opportunity (led by Gordon Brown), Member (since 2015)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Brown", "text": "Gordon Brown", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Bilderberg Meetings, Member of the Steering Committee (since 2014)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilderberg_Group", "text": "Bilderberg Meetings", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Chatham House, Member of the Panel of Senior Advisers", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatham_House", "text": "Chatham House", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "European Business Summit (EBS), Honorary Chairman of the Honorary Committee (since 2014)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Business_Summit", "text": "European Business Summit", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Europaeum, Member of the Board of Trustees (since 2014)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europaeum", "text": "Europaeum", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "European Movement International, Member of the Honorary Council", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Movement_International", "text": "European Movement International", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Kofi Annan Foundation, Member of the Electoral Integrity Initiative (EII) (since 2016)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kofi_Annan_Foundation", "text": "Kofi Annan Foundation", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings, Member of the Honorary Senate", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindau_Nobel_Laureate_Meetings", "text": "Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Women Political Leaders Global Forum (WPL), Member of the Global Advisory Board", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_Parliaments_Global_Forum", "text": "Women Political Leaders Global Forum", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sunhak Peace Prize Selection Committee, chair.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunhak_Peace_Prize", "text": "Sunhak Peace Prize", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "UEFA Foundation for Children, Member of the Board of Trustees (2014–2017)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA", "text": "UEFA Foundation for Children", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "In 2020, Barroso was selected as chair of the board at GAVI, succeeding Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAVI", "text": "GAVI", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngozi_Okonjo-Iweala", "text": "Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Personal life", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 1980 he married Maria Margarida Pinto Ribeiro de Sousa Uva, with whom he has three sons. Sousa Uva died from uterine cancer in August 2016, at the age of 60.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterine_cancer", "text": "uterine cancer", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Apart from Portuguese, Barroso is fluent in French, speaks Spanish and English and has taken a course to acquire a basic knowledge of German.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Honours", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "National", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Grand Collar of the Order of Prince Henry (GColIH, 3 November 2014)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Prince_Henry", "text": "Order of Prince Henry", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Grand Cross of the Order of Christ (GCC, 8 June 1996)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Portugal)", "text": "Order of Christ", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Foreign", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Brazil: Grand Cross of the Order of the Southern Cross (22 August 1991/1 March 1994) Grand Cross of the Order of Rio Branco (25 July 1996)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil", "text": "Brazil", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Southern_Cross", "text": "Order of the Southern Cross", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Rio_Branco", "text": "Order of Rio Branco", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Grand Cross of the Order of the Southern Cross (22 August 1991/1 March 1994)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Southern_Cross", "text": "Order of the Southern Cross", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Grand Cross of the Order of Rio Branco (25 July 1996)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Rio_Branco", "text": "Order of Rio Branco", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "East Timor: Great Collar of the Order of Timor-Leste (2010)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor", "text": "East Timor", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Timor-Leste", "text": "Order of Timor-Leste", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Estonia: First Class of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana (23 February 2009)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia", "text": "Estonia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Cross_of_Terra_Mariana", "text": "Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Finland: Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Lion of Finland (8 March 1991)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland", "text": "Finland", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Lion_of_Finland", "text": "Order of the Lion of Finland", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Germany: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (12 November 1990)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany", "text": "Germany", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany", "text": "Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Guinea-Bissau: Medal of the National Order of Merit (4 November 1993)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea-Bissau", "text": "Guinea-Bissau", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Hungary: Grand Cross of the Hungarian Order of Merit (10 October 2002)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungary", "text": "Hungary", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Order_of_Merit", "text": "Hungarian Order of Merit", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Ivory Coast: Grand Officer of the National Order of the Ivory Coast (18 March 1991)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Coast", "text": "Ivory Coast", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Order_of_the_Ivory_Coast", "text": "National Order of the Ivory Coast", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Lithuania: Grand Cross of the Order of Vytautas the Great (25 August 2009)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuania", "text": "Lithuania", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Vytautas_the_Great", "text": "Order of Vytautas the Great", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Malta: Honorary Member of the Xirka Ġieħ ir-Repubblika (3 March 1995)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta", "text": "Malta", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xirka_Ġieħ_ir-Repubblika", "text": "Xirka Ġieħ ir-Repubblika", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Morocco: Grand Cordon of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite (20 February 1995)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morocco", "text": "Morocco", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Ouissam_Alaouite", "text": "Order of Ouissam Alaouite", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands", "text": "Netherlands", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Orange-Nassau", "text": "Order of Orange-Nassau", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Peru: Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun of Peru (29 November 1994)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru", "text": "Peru", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Sun_of_Peru", "text": "Order of the Sun of Peru", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Sovereign Military Order of Malta: Collar of the Order pro merito melitensi (22 May 2010) Grand Cross of the Order pro merito melitensi (21 July 1989)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta", "text": "Sovereign Military Order of Malta", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_pro_merito_melitensi", "text": "Order pro merito melitensi", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_pro_merito_melitensi", "text": "Order pro merito melitensi", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Collar of the Order pro merito melitensi (22 May 2010)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_pro_merito_melitensi", "text": "Order pro merito melitensi", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Grand Cross of the Order pro merito melitensi (21 July 1989)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_pro_merito_melitensi", "text": "Order pro merito melitensi", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Spain: Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit (27 October 1993)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain", "text": "Spain", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Civil_Merit", "text": "Order of Civil Merit", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Tunisia: Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic (26 October 1993)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisia", "text": "Tunisia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Republic_(Tunisia)", "text": "Order of the Republic", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "United Kingdom: Honorary Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (17 June 1994)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom", "text": "United Kingdom", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Michael_and_Saint_George", "text": "Order of Saint Michael and Saint George", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ], "name": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Other awards", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Barroso holds over twenty decorations, including.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Winner of the Casa da Imprensa prize in the area of politics in 1992", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Named Global Leader for Tomorrow by the World Economic Forum in 1993", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Chosen Personality of the Year in 1991 and 2004 by the Foreign Press Association in Portugal", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Given \"Medalla de la Universidad de Alcala de Henares\" and \"Medalla de Oro de la Ciudad de Zamora\", Spain, 2005", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Golden Medal: The Bell Celebration – Message to United Europe, from the Ferdinan Martinengo Company, Slovakia, 2006", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Ferdinan_Martinengo_Company?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "the Ferdinan Martinengo Company", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "EFR-Business Week Award from Erasmus University Rotterdam, 2006.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erasmus_University_Rotterdam", "text": "Erasmus University Rotterdam", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Honorary Citizen of Rio de Janeiro, June 2006.", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "\"European of the Year\" 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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1937 Bowling Green Falcons football team was an American football team that represented Bowling Green State College (later renamed Bowling Green State University) in the Ohio Athletic Conference (OAC) during the 1937 college football season. In their third season under head coach Harry Ockerman, the Falcons compiled a 3–4–1 record (2–3–1 against OAC opponents), finished in 12th place out of 19 teams in the OAC, and outscored opponents by a total of 80 to 56. John Cheetwood was the team captain.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowling_Green_State_University", "text": "Bowling Green State University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_Athletic_Conference", "text": "Ohio Athletic Conference", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1937_college_football_season", "text": "1937 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Ockerman", "text": "Harry Ockerman", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The newly-constructed Bowling Green University Stadium was dedicated on October 16, 1937. The concrete structure had seating for 3,148 spectators and a pressbox for 35 reporters. It was built as a Works Progress Administration project at a cost of $50,000.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Works_Progress_Administration", "text": "Works Progress Administration", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1903 Central Michigan Normalites football team represented Central Michigan Normal School, later renamed Central Michigan University, as an independent during the 1903 college football season. Their head coach was Charles Tambling. This was part of a ten–game win streak that started in 1902 and ended in 1905.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Michigan_University", "text": "Central Michigan University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1903_college_football_season", "text": "1903 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Tambling", "text": "Charles Tambling", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Briana Scott (née Hungerford; born 27 June 1990) is a Canadian long-distance runner. She is the 2023 Canadian 5000 m champion and represented Canada at the 2023 World Athletics Championships.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names", "text": "née", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-distance", "text": "long-distance", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Canadian_Track_and_Field_Championships", "text": "2023 Canadian 5000 m champion", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_World_Athletics_Championships", "text": "2023 World Athletics Championships", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Biography", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Born and raised in Vancouver, British Columbia, Scott attended West Point Grey Academy before enrolling at McGill University in 2008. While at McGill, she competed for the McGill Martlets women's volleyball team.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver", "text": "Vancouver, British Columbia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Point_Grey_Academy", "text": "West Point Grey Academy", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGill_University", "text": "McGill University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGill_Redbirds_and_Martlets", "text": "McGill Martlets", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "After a long hiatus from sports, Scott took up running in 2018. Initially running half-marathons, she quickly improved, running a time of 1:18:21 in June 2019.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 2020, without many races due to the ongoing pandemic, Scott turned to time trials. She ran 4:44 over the mile and later that summer, she improved her time to 4:39.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In 2021, Scott began training with the BC Endurance Project and quickly improved her times on the track. On May 29, she ran a time of 15:46.75 over 5000 m at Swangard Stadium in Burnaby. On June 18, she finished second to Malindi Elmore at the Canadian 10,000 m Championships, with a personal best of 33:14.99.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swangard_Stadium", "text": "Swangard Stadium", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnaby", "text": "Burnaby", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malindi_Elmore", "text": "Malindi Elmore", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "After a year off from competitive running due to the birth of her and her husband Derek's first child, Bennie in 2022, Scott returned to the track in 2023. In her second race of the season on May 6, she set a personal best of 15:40.58 in the 5000 m. The next month, she shaved 15 seconds off that time with a mark of 15:25.77 at the Portland Track Festival. On July 14, she ran another 5000 m, this time taking the win at the Harry Jerome Track Classic in 15:19.51. On July 27, competing at the Canadian Championships, Scott won her first national title, winning the 5000 m in 15:46.72.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Jerome", "text": "Harry Jerome Track Classic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Canadian_Track_and_Field_Championships", "text": "Canadian Championships", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Later that summer, Scott was selected to represent Canada at the 2023 World Athletics Championships in Budapest, Hungary. She ran 15:42.56 in her 5000 m heat.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_World_Athletics_Championships", "text": "2023 World Athletics Championships", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budapest", "text": "Budapest, Hungary.", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "In November, Scott competed at the Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile, placing 7th in the 5000 m.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Pan_American_Games", "text": "Pan American Games", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santiago", "text": "Santiago, Chile", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1948 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the 27th staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-Ireland_Junior_Hurling_Championship", "text": "All-Ireland Junior Championship", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaelic_Athletic_Association", "text": "Gaelic Athletic Association", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1912_All-Ireland_Junior_Hurling_Championship", "text": "1912", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Cork entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Limerick in the Munster final.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cork_GAA", "text": "Cork", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947_All-Ireland_Junior_Hurling_Championship", "text": "defending champions", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limerick_GAA", "text": "Limerick", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1948_All-Ireland_Junior_Hurling_Championship#Munster_final", "text": "Munster final", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The All-Ireland final replay was played on 31 October 1948 at Páirc Tailteann in Navan, between Meath and London, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Meath won the match by 2-07 to 2-05 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in 21 years.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Páirc_Tailteann", "text": "Páirc Tailteann", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navan", "text": "Navan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meath_GAA", "text": "Meath", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_GAA", "text": "London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1927_All-Ireland_Junior_Hurling_Championship", "text": "21 years", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": "All-Ireland semi-finals" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": "All-Ireland home final" }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": "All-Ireland finals" } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1935 Gonzaga Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Gonzaga University during the 1935 college football season. In their fifth year under head coach Mike Pecarovich, the Bulldogs compiled a 5–4–1 record and outscored all opponents by a total of 125 to 109.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzaga_University", "text": "Gonzaga University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1935_college_football_season", "text": "1935 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Pecarovich", "text": "Mike Pecarovich", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Fullback George Karamatic and halfback Ed Justice played for Gonzaga in 1935. Both later played years in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins and were inducted into the Gonzaga Athletic Hall of Fame.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Karamatic", "text": "George Karamatic", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Justice", "text": "Ed Justice", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League", "text": "National Football League", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Redskins", "text": "Washington Redskins", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Kadhal Konjam Thookala is an upcoming tamil film written and directed by Balaji Mohan. This movie is an adaptation of the novel Make it Two, by Sharadha Subramanian, following the life of a high-class urban guy and an Indian girl crossing paths. It stars Kalidas Jayaram, Dushara Vijayan, and Amala Paul, in lead roles, alongside, Nirmal Pillai, Dhanya Balakrishna, and others in pivotal roles. This film has music composed by Darbuka Siva and lyrics by Thamarai, Vivek, Madhan Karky, and Vishnu Edavan. It was shot in London, Pondicherry, and Chennai.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balaji_Mohan", "text": "Balaji Mohan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalidas_Jayaram", "text": "Kalidas Jayaram", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dushara_Vijayan", "text": "Dushara Vijayan", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amala_Paul", "text": "Amala Paul", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhanya_Balakrishna", "text": "Dhanya Balakrishna", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darbuka_Siva", "text": "Darbuka Siva", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thamarai", "text": "Thamarai", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivek", "text": "Vivek", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhan_Karky", "text": "Madhan Karky", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London", "text": "London", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pondicherry", "text": "Pondicherry", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai", "text": "Chennai", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Plot", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Topsy turvy Karthik's life changes as he sees Sujitha, forgettting is past life with Priya.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Cast", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "value": null, "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": [ { "type": "list_item", "value": "Kalidas Jayaram as Karthik Balaraman, a well-established Chennai turned London guy", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalidas_Jayaram", "text": "Kalidas Jayaram", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chennai", "text": "Chennai", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London", "text": "London", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Nirmal Pillai as Vikramadithyan \"Vikram\" Vinod, Karthik's friend", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Dushara Vijayan as Priya, Karthik's ex-girlfriend", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dushara_Vijayan", "text": "Dushara Vijayan", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Amala Paul as Sujitha \"Sujji\" Shankar, Karthik's Girlfriend", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amala_Paul", "text": "Amala Paul", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null }, { "type": "list_item", "value": "Dhanya Balakrishna", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhanya_Balakrishna", "text": "Dhanya Balakrishna", "images": null } ], "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1917 Maine Black Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of Maine during the 1917 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Thomas A. McCann, the team compiled a 1–3 record. Thomas Davis was the team captain.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Maine", "text": "University of Maine", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1917_college_football_season", "text": "1917 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_A._McCann", "text": "Thomas A. McCann", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1925 Paris–Tours was the 20th edition of the Paris–Tours cycle race and was held on 3 May 1925. The race started in Paris and finished in Tours. The race was won by Denis Verschueren.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris–Tours", "text": "Paris–Tours", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris", "text": "Paris", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tours", "text": "Tours", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Verschueren", "text": "Denis Verschueren", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "Infobox cycling race report", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "Race details", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": "Dates", "value": "3 May 1925", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Stages", "value": "1", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Distance", "value": "342 km (212.5 mi)", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1925_Paris–Tours#cite_note-BRI-1", "text": null, "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": "Winning time", "value": "12h 27' 00\"", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Winner", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Verschueren", "text": "Denis Verschueren", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Mortelmans", "text": "August Mortelmans", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Hillarion?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Jean Hillarion", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null }, { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null }, { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Winner", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Verschueren", "text": "Denis Verschueren", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Second", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Mortelmans", "text": "August Mortelmans", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Third", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Hillarion?action=edit&redlink=1", "text": "Jean Hillarion", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png", "width": 23, "height": 23, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "An independence referendum was held in the Faroe Islands, an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark, on 14 September 1946. Although a narrow majority of valid votes were cast in favour of the proposal (50.7%), the number of invalid votes exceeded the winning margin. Although independence was declared by the Speaker of the Løgting on 18 September 1946, the declaration was not recognised by Denmark. Danish King Christian X dissolved the Løgting and called fresh elections, which were won by unionist parties. The islands were subsequently given a greater level of self-rule.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faroe_Islands", "text": "Faroe Islands", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_Realm", "text": "Kingdom of Denmark", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Løgting", "text": "Løgting", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_X_of_Denmark", "text": "Christian X", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946_Faroese_general_election", "text": "fresh elections", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devolution", "text": "greater level of self-rule", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Aftermath", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The result – without taking the invalid votes into regard – was 50.7% in favour of full independence to 49.3% in favour of home rule within Denmark.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "However, there were 4.1% invalid votes, mostly voters who rejected both proposals. Some politicians from the People's Party had suggested that a third option of a sovereign Faroe Islands within a union with Denmark should be on the ballot (similar to the status the Kingdom of Iceland had 1918–44), but since this proposal was not put on the ballot, they suggested that voters write 'no' to the first proposal оn the ballot instead of choosing either alternative, while some Social Democrats in favour of keeping the status quo recommended writing 'no' to the second proposal.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iceland", "text": "Kingdom of Iceland", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Subsequently, there was disunion about the interpretation of the result, as there was no full majority for either proposal; only a slight plurality for option 2, the full independence.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The chairman of the Løgting subsequently declared independence on 18 September 1946, but this was not recognised either by a majority of the Løgting or the Danish parliament and government. King Christian X of Denmark dissolved the Løgting on 24 September and called for new elections. The dissolution of the Løgting was on 8 November followed by the Faroese parliamentary election of 1946 in which the parties in favour of full independence received a total of 5,396 votes while the parties against received a total of 7,488 votes. New negotiations followed, and Denmark granted the Faroe Islands home-rule on 30 March 1948.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Løgting", "text": "Løgting", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_X_of_Denmark", "text": "Christian X of Denmark", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1946_Faroese_parliamentary_election", "text": "Faroese parliamentary election of 1946", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home-rule", "text": "home-rule", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

[ { "type": "infobox", "name": "infobox referendum", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "name": "1946 Faroese independence referendum", "has_parts": [ { "type": "image", "name": null, "value": null, "links": null, "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png", "width": 50, "height": 50, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "14 September 1946", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "14 September 1946", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Do you want the Faroe Islands to separate from Denmark?", "has_parts": [ { "type": "list", "name": "Outcome", "value": null, "links": null, "values": [ " - Results not recognised by Denmark.\n - Home rule established on the Faroe Islands.\n" ], "images": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": [ { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Choice Votes % Independence 5,660 50.72% Home Rule with Denmark 5,499 49.28% Valid votes 11,159 95.87% Invalid or blank votes 481 4.13% Total votes 11,640 100.00% Registered voters/turnout 17,216 67.61%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Choice Votes %", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Independence 5,660 50.72%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Home Rule with Denmark 5,499 49.28%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Valid votes 11,159 95.87%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Invalid or blank votes 481 4.13%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Total votes 11,640 100.00%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Registered voters/turnout 17,216 67.61%", "links": null, "values": null, "images": null }, { "type": "field", "name": null, "value": "Results by island Union Independence", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_the_Faroe_Islands", "text": "island", "images": null } ], "values": null, "images": [ { "content_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Faroese_independence_referendum%2C_1946_results_by_island.png/180px-Faroese_independence_referendum%2C_1946_results_by_island.png", "width": 180, "height": 180, "alternative_text": null, "caption": null } ] } ] } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Constituent Assembly elections were held in Guatemala in June 1935. Following the election, Jorge Ubico ’s presidential term was extended to 15 March 1943 by the Assembly on 10 July 1935.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemala", "text": "Guatemala", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Ubico", "text": "Jorge Ubico", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1927 Temple Owls football team was an American football team that represented Temple University as an independent during the 1927 college football season. In its third season under head coach Heinie Miller, the team compiled a 7–1 record. Fullback Harry J. Jacobs was the team captain.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_University", "text": "Temple University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1927_college_football_season", "text": "1927 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinie_Miller", "text": "Heinie Miller", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1901 Saint Louis Blue and White football team was an American football team that represented Saint Louis University as an independent during the 1901 college football season. In their third season under head coach Martin Delaney, the team compiled a 10–0 record and outscored opponents by a total of 233 to 14. The team played its home games at Handlan's Park in St. Louis.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football", "text": "American football", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_University", "text": "Saint Louis University", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1901_college_football_season", "text": "1901 college football season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Delaney_(coach)", "text": "Martin Delaney", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handlan's_Park", "text": "Handlan's Park", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis", "text": "St. Louis", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "General elections were held in Malta on 20 and 21 October 1917. Two of the eight elected seats were left uncontested.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta", "text": "Malta", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Background", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The elections were held under the Chamberlain Constitution, with members elected from eight single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post voting.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting", "text": "first-past-the-post voting", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Results", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "A total of 7,012 people were registered to vote.", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1947 Davis Cup was the 36th edition of the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 20 teams entered the Europe Zone, and 2 teams entered the America Zone. Luxembourg competed for the first time.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourg_Davis_Cup_team", "text": "Luxembourg", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null }, { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Australia defeated Canada in the America Zone final, and Czechoslovakia defeated Yugoslavia in the Europe Zone final. Australia defeated Czechoslovakia in the Inter-Zonal play-off, but was defeated by defending champions the United States in the Challenge Round. The final was played at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, New York, United States on 30 August-1 September.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia_Davis_Cup_team", "text": "Australia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Davis_Cup_team", "text": "Canada", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republic_Davis_Cup_team", "text": "Czechoslovakia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yugoslavia_Davis_Cup_team", "text": "Yugoslavia", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Davis_Cup_team", "text": "United States", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Side_Tennis_Club", "text": "West Side Tennis Club", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_Hills,_Queens", "text": "Forest Hills", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_(state)", "text": "New York", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "text": "United States", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "America Zone", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Final", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Canada vs. Australia", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Europe Zone", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Draw", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Final", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Yugoslavia vs. Czechoslovakia", "links": null, "has_parts": null, "name": null } ] } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Inter-Zonal Final", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "Australia vs. Czechoslovakia", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Challenge Round", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "United States vs. Australia", "links": null, "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "The 1957–58 season saw Rochdale compete for their 30th season in the Football League Third Division North.", "links": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957–58_Football_League", "text": "1957–58 season", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rochdale_A.F.C.", "text": "Rochdale", "images": null }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_League_Third_Division_North", "text": "Football League Third Division North", "images": null } ], "name": null, "has_parts": null } ] }, { "type": "section", "name": "Final League Table", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "name": "Competitions", "has_parts": [ { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Football League Third Division North", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "F.A. Cup", "has_parts": null }, { "type": "section", "value": null, "links": null, "name": "Lancashire Cup", "has_parts": null } ] } ]

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[ { "type": "section", "name": "Abstract", "has_parts": [ { "type": "paragraph", "value": "16 Hudson is a Canadian animated series, produced by Big Bad Boo about four friends, Lili, Sam, Amala and Luc, living in a small apartment in a big city. 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